Safety and Efficacy of Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Combined with Gelatin Sponge Impregnated with Dexamethasone and No Drainage Tube after Surgery in the Treatment of Lumbar Degenerative Disease

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to use a gelatin sponge impregnated with dexamethasone, combined with minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS‐TLIF) and no drainage tube after the operation for early postoperative recurrence of root pain caused by edema.MethodsA prospective case series study was designed. From September 2015 to January 2018, eligible patients diagnosed with lumbar degenerative disease underwent MIS‐TLIF combined with a gelatin sponge impregnated with dexamethasone and no drainage tube after surgery. The short‐term clinical data were collected, such as visual analog scale (VAS) scores for low back pain and leg pain preoperatively and on postoperative days (POD) 1–10, time bedridden postoperatively, and length of hospital stay postoperatively. Long‐term indicators include the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score, and the 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) score, evaluated preoperatively and 1 week, 3 months, and more than 1 year postoperatively.ResultsComplete clinical data was obtained for 139 patients. All patients were followed up for more than 12 months (13.7 ± 3.3 months). The average bedridden period was 1.5 ± 0.4 days and hospital stays were 2.7 ± 0.9 days. The VAS score of leg and back pain on POD 1–10 were all decreased compared with preoperation (all P < 0.0001). At the last follow up, the VAS scores for back pain and leg pain (0.69 ± 0.47; 1.02 ± 0.55) and the ODI score (11.1 ± 3.5) decreased (all P < 0.0001), and the JOA score (27.1 ± 3.2) and the SF‐36 (physical component summary, 50.5 ± 7.3; mental component summary, 49.4 ± 8.9) increased (all P < 0.0001) compared with preoperative values. Patients'' early and long‐term levels of satisfaction postoperatively were 92.8% and 97.8%, respectively. At POD 7 and the last follow‐up, the improvement rate of the JOA score, respectively, was 41.8% ± 10.6% and 87.7% ± 8.2%, and clinical effects assessed as significantly effective according to the improvement rate of the JOA score was 16.5% and 66.9%, respectively. There were 2 (1.4%) cases with complications, including 1 (0.7%) case of wound infection and 1 (0.7%) case of deep vein thrombosis. There were no device‐related complications or neurological injuries.ConclusionUse of a gelatin sponge impregnated with dexamethasone combined with MIS‐TLIF and no drainage tube after the operation, compared with previous studies, appears to be safe and feasible to reduce recurrent back pain and leg pain after decompression in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease.     

MIS-TLIF治疗老年退变性腰椎管狭窄症的临床疗效观察

目的比较Quadrant微创通道系统下微创经椎间孔入路腰椎椎体间融合(MIS-TLIF)手术与经后路腰椎椎间融合术(PLIF)手术治疗的临床疗效及安全性。方法选取2013年6月~2017年1月在本院接受治疗的90例退变性腰椎管狭窄症老年患者作为研究对象,其中54例患者采用MIS-TLIF手术(MIS-TLIF组);36例采用PLIF手术(PLIF组)。比较两组患者手术疗效,比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、卧床时间、术后输血量、术后引流量等手术指标,比较两组患者术后临床症状改善情况,并比较两组患者不良反应发生情况。结果 MIS-TLIF组手术后痊愈率和总有效率均显著高于PLIF组(P0.05)。MIS-TLIF组手术时间显著高于PLIF组,术中出血量、卧床时间、术后输血量、术后引流量均显著低于PLIF组(P0.05)。两组患者术后6个月JOA评分较术前1 d升高,VAS评分、ODI评分均较术前1 d降低(P0.05)。MIS-TLIF组术后6个月JOA评分较PLIF组术后6个月升高,VAS评分、ODI评分均较PLIF组术后6个月降低(P0.05)。MIS-TLIF组术后感染发生率、硬囊破裂发生率和总不良反应发生率均显著低于PLIF组(P0.05)。结论从当前的资料反映出Quadrant微创通道系统下MIS-TLIF手术治疗老年退变性腰椎管狭窄症效果显著、创伤小且恢复快。     

经椎间孔入路腰椎体间融合术治疗腰椎不稳症

目的探讨经腰椎间孔入路行腰椎椎体间植骨融合术治疗腰椎不稳症的手术适应证、技术要点及应用价值。方法自2002年2月~2005年3月,对腰椎不稳56例行腰椎后正中入路,经单侧腰椎间孔行椎体间植骨融合,腰椎后方上下椎板间、棘突间、关节突间植骨,以及相应节段椎弓根钉内固定术。结果56例手术切口均一期愈合,无神经损伤、椎间隙感染和脑脊液漏等并发症。52例经6~37个月随访,平均16个月,未发生内置物断裂、松动移位和椎间隙高度丧失,骨融合率为90·38%。依据日本JOA疗效评定标准,优29例,良16例,可3例,差4例,总优良率为86·5%。结论经腰椎间孔入路椎间植骨融合术(TLIF)治疗腰椎不稳症,不但技术操作可行,而且能明显降低因侵入椎管而带来的各种可能发生的并发症,是治疗退变性腰椎不稳症的有效手术方式。     

TLIF椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗Ⅰ-Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱症

目的 探讨经椎间孔椎间融合（TLIF）并椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱的临床疗效。方法 采用经椎间孔椎间融合（TLIF）并椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱23例。结果 术后JOA改善率平均78%,所有病例的腰椎滑脱均得到完全或近解剖复位,无脑积液漏、无椎间隙感染,所有椎间骨性融合良好,术后1例出现对侧神经根症状,保守治疗1周后恢复。结论 经椎间孔椎间融合（TLIF）并椎弓根螺钉内固定是治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱安全、有效的方法。     

Complications and perioperative factors associated with learning the technique of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF)

Before the advent of minimally invasive spine surgery (MIS), open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) was performed to treat spondylosis, spondylolisthesis, and spondylolysis. Minimally invasive TLIF has recently become more popular based upon the premise that a smaller, less traumatic incision should afford better recovery and outcomes. However, the learning curve associated with this technique must be considered. To analyze the perioperative factors associated with the learning curve in patients who underwent MIS TLIF versus open TLIF, we identified 22 patients who underwent TLIF from 2005 to 2008 within levels L4-S1 by the senior author (D.C.). Patients were subdivided into two groups according to whether they underwent: (i) MIS TLIF (10 patients, the first MIS TLIF procedures performed by D.C.); or (ii) open TLIF (12 patients). Preoperative, perioperative and postoperative factors were evaluated. Patients who underwent MIS TLIF had a statistically significant lower intraoperative transfusion rate, and rate of required postoperative surgical drains; and shorter periods of required drainage, and time to ambulation. However, the MIS TLIF group tended to have a higher rate of complications, which might have been associated with the learning curve. Both groups had a minimum of 1-year follow-up.     

X-tube辅助下TLIF技术与局限性减压治疗椎管狭窄症

目的 总结X-tube辅助下TLIF技术与局限性减压治疗椎管狭窄症的临床效果.方法 采用X-tube辅助下多裂肌间隙入路部分椎板切除、经椎间孔入路腰椎椎体间融合、椎弓根螺钉固定治疗腰椎管狭窄症患者35例,单节段23例,双节段12例,年龄39～68岁,平均年龄53.6岁.35例患者中28例有效随访10～23个月,平均19个月.疗效评定症状改善率采用日本骨科学会(JOA)下腰痛评分标准,对患者手术前及手术后6周～12个月的疼痛程度进行评分.结果 手术耗时单节段70～135 min,平均100 min;双节段120～210 min,平均150 min.术中出血单节段250～500 mL,平均300 mL;双节段350～800 mL,平均600 mL.28例随访患者中,症状改善率,优14例,良8例,一般2例,差2例,优良率达82％.椎间融合良好25例,另3例植骨融合欠佳,仍有较顽固下腰部疼痛,但较术前减轻.结论 X-tube辅助下TLIF技术与局限性加压治疗椎管狭窄症创伤小、并发症少,临床效果较好.     

肾型n-HA/PA66腰椎间融合器在经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术中的有限元分析

目的　设计一种新型的“肾形”n-HA/PA66腰椎间融合器(cage),通过三维有限元分析,研究其在经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术(TLIF)中的生物力学特性。 方法 建立正常人体L3-L5节段三维模型,模拟经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术,采用有限元分析方法进行应力分析,比较肾型与子弹头型n-HA/PA66腰椎间融合器应力分布的差异。 结果　在前屈、后伸、左右旋转工况下两种不同cage的TLIF手术模型对比,子弹头型cage最大应力分别为32.8、32.8、31.4、31.3、32.8、34.2 MPa,肾型cage最大应力分别为13.2、11.4、10.9、10.1、11.7、11.1 MPa;而且肾型cage应力集中区域小于子弹头型cage。 结论　肾型n-HA/PA66腰椎间融合器固定的椎体应力分布小而均匀,理论上可有效降低cage沉降率。     

Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) versus posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) in lumbar spondylolisthesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Context

Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) are both frequently used as a surgical treatment for lumbar spondylolisthesis. Because of the unilateral transforaminal route to the intervertebral space used in TLIF, as opposed to the bilateral route used in PLIF, TLIF could be associated with fewer complications, shorter duration of surgery, and less blood loss, whereas the effectiveness of both techniques on back or leg pain is equal.

微创与切开行单节段经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术的围术期比较及护理

目的:从护理方面比较微创(MIS)和切开(Open)行单节段经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术(TLIF)的治疗效果。方法:2008～2011年共36例单节段腰椎间盘突出症患者行MIS-TLIF治疗,设为MIS组;同期41例行Open-TLIF治疗,设为Open组,对比分析两组围术期各项观察指标和护理特点。结果:两组手术均达到治疗效果;MIS组手术时间长于Open组(P<0.05),而MIS组术中出血量少,术后引流量少、引流管拔除早、留置导尿管时间短、下床活动早、住院时间短,均优于Open组(P<0.01)。结论:MIS-TLIF与Open-TLIF治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症患者同样具有临床治疗结果,但前者术后恢复快、住院时间短,同时可以减少护理工作量。     

经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术在腰椎间盘翻修手术中的应用

目的:探讨经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术(TLIF)在腰椎间盘翻修手术中的作用。方法:对2006年12月~2010年10月间,我们应用TLIF技术进行治疗的16例腰椎间盘突出症术后复发和2例腰椎间盘突出症术后医源性滑脱患者的临床资料进行了回顾性分析。结果:本组手术时间100～190分钟,平均150分钟,出血量200～750ml,平均390ml。无术中、术后并发症。术后平均随访18.6个月,末次随访临床结果优15例,良3例。结论:应用TLIF手术进行腰椎间盘翻修手术,不但简化了手术操作,而且疗效可靠,值得推广应用。