轻燕减肥胶囊质量标准研究

目的：制定轻燕减肥胶囊的质量标准。方法：采用薄层色谱法对防己、大黄、陈皮进行定性鉴别;并建立粉防己碱含量的检测方法,采用薄层扫描法测定。层析条件：硅胶Ｇ薄层板,氯仿－丙酮－甲醇（６：１：１）为展开剂,稀碘化铋钾为显色剂,双波长反射法锯齿扫描,λＳ＝４．９５ｎｍ,λＲ＝６００ｎｍ,ＳＸ＝３。结果：粉防己碱的量在０．５～３．２μｇ范围内具有良好的线性关系,ｒ＝０．９９９９,平均回收率为９５．１％,ＲＳ     

COEXISTENCE OF OSTEOARTHRITIS AND OSTEOPOROSIS INFEMORAL HEAD: A SCANNING ELECTRONMICROSCOPIC STUDY

ffeSUtn6 Objectif Detenniner ie cusistence d' ostdoarthrite et d' ostdope dans la tste du femur. liChen 12 femmes (age moron 56 ans )atteintes d' ortdoorthrite de la hanche, on a Prdlevd la tste du femur durant la substitutiontotale de l' articulation de leur hanche. APrds das traitements, Ies tstes du femur furent studioes sons ie microscope dlectroniqued belang (soon ). ~flats to lesions ostdcorthritiques de differents degrds (azractdrithe per ba digs~nce du cartilage articulaire et d' hyp…     

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopic Visualization of the Transport of Dextrans After Nasal Administration to Rats: Effects of Absorption Enhancers

Purpose. To visualize the transport pathway(s) of high molecular weight model compounds across rat nasal epithelium in vivousing confocal laser scanning microscopy. Furthermore, the influence of nasal absorption enhancers (randomly methylated -cyclodextrin and sodium taurodihydrofusidate) on this transport was studied. Methods. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled dextrans with a molecular weight of 3,000 or 10,000 Da were administered intranasally to rats. Fifteen minutes after administration the tissue was fixed with Bouin. The nasal septum was surgically removed and stained with Evans Blue protein stain or DiIC18(5) lipid stain prior to visualization with the confocal laser scanning microscope. Results. Transport of FITC-dextran 3,000 across nasal epithelium occurred via the paracellular pathway. Endocytosis of FITC-dextran 3,000 was also shown. In the presence of randomly methylated -cyclodextrin 2% (w/v) similar transport pathways for FITC-dextran 3,000 were observed. With sodium taurodihydrofusidate 1% (w/v) the transport route was also paracellular with endocytosis, but cells were swollen and mucus was extruded into the nasal cavity. For FITC-dextran 10,000 hardly any transport was observed without enhancer, or after co-administration with randomly methylated -cyclodextrin 2% (w/v). Co-administration with sodium taurodihydrofusidate 1% (w/v) resulted in paracellular transport of FITC-dextran 10,000, but morphological changes, i.e. swelling of cells and mucus extrusion, were observed. Conclusions. Confocal laser scanning microscopy is a suitable approach to visualize the transport pathways of high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds across nasal epithelium, and to study the effects of absorption enhancers on drug transport and cell morphology.     

Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the human zona pellucida: influence of maturity and fertilization on morphology and sperm binding pattern

Human oocytes from the same as well as from different patients have an extremely heterogeneous morphology of the zona pellucida surface as shown by scanning electron microscopy. For years it has been believed that this heterogeneous morphology plays an important part in the sperm-oocyte interaction. It was the aim of this investigation to analyse the morphology and the sperm binding patterns of the human zona pellucida. Oocytes were divided into four categories: mature, immature, fertilized and unfertilized. Four different types of zona morphology were detectable. They ranged from a porous, net-like structure to a nearly smooth and compact surface. No correlation could be established between zona type and oocyte maturity or zona type and achieved fertilization. However, fertilized (polyploid) oocytes had a more compact and smooth zona surface than unfertilized ones. The analysis of the number and distribution patterns of bound spermatozoa on the zona pellucida revealed extremely variable patterns regardless of the zona morphology. Significant differences between mature and immature oocytes did not appear. In both groups there were oocytes with either no or numerous bound spermatozoa on the zona pellucida. Oocytes overloaded with spermatozoa could only be found in the mature group. Unfertilized oocytes had fewer bound spermatozoa on average than polyploid zygotes.     

中药复方962对老年大鼠外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤的影响

目的：观察不同年龄组（4月和24月龄）大鼠和连续灌胃给予中药复方962 3个月的老年大鼠的外周血淋巴细胞DNA的损伤情况。方法：利用快速、灵敏的单细胞电泳技术结合激光扫描共聚焦显微镜来观察大鼠外周血淋巴细胞的DNA损伤,以彗星样细胞出现率（计数一定量细胞中彗星样细胞所占的比例）、占彗星长度（“彗星”电泳方向上的最大长度）和尾距（尾部DNA占总DNA的百分比与头尾部中心间距的乘积）来评价淋巴细胞DNA的损伤程度。结果：发现老年大鼠外周血淋巴细胞中彗尾样细胞出现率显著高于青年大鼠（P＜0．01）,复方962不仅能明显降低老年大鼠的淋巴细胞的彗尾样细胞出现率,而且能明显降低老年大鼠外周血彗星样细胞的总彗星长度和尾蹑（P＜0．01）。结论：实验表明复方962对老年大鼠淋巴细胞DNA的损伤有明显的保护作用。     

Mobilization of intracellular calcium stores participates in the rise of [Ca2+]i and the toxic actions of the HIV coat protein GP120

The HIV envelope glycoprotein, GP120, increases intracellular Ca2+ concentration and induces degeneration of human and animal neurons in culture. Using patch-clamp recordings and Ca2+ imaging techniques, we have now examined the contribution of intracellular stores of calcium in the effects of GP120. We report that in rat hippocampal neuronal cultures, GP120 induces a dramatic and persistent increase in [Ca2+]i which is prevented by drugs that either deplete (caffeine, carbachol, thapsigargin) or block (dantrolene) Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. In contrast, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors or voltage-dependent calcium channels do not participate in these effects, as: (i) the increase in [Ca2+]i was not affected by NMDA receptor antagonists or calcium channel blockers; and (ii) and GP120 did not generate any current in whole-cell recording. Dantrolene, a ryanodine stores inhibitor, also prevented neuronal death induced by GP120. Our results show that the GP120-induced rise in [Ca2+]i originates from intracellular calcium stores, and suggest that intracellular stores of calcium may play a determinant role in the pathological actions of GP120.     

薄层扫描法测定补气升提片中人参皂苷Re的含量

采用薄层扫描法测定补气升提片中主要有效成分人参皂苷Re的含量。样品经甲醇提取,太孔树脂处理,用硅胶G板,氯仿—乙酸乙酯—甲醇—水(15：40：22：10)为展开剂双波长反射锯齿扫描测定,回收率97．4％,RSD为2．90％(n=5)。本法分离度好,灵敏度高,可作为该制剂的质控指标。     

肺炎性假瘤24例的临床X线误诊分析

目的探讨肺炎性假瘤的临床与X线误诊原因;方法依据临床与X线资料分析;结果均有不同程度的呼吸道症状,有14例痰中带血丝。肿块直径小于4cm11例,密度高而均匀,边缘光整,误诊为肺良性肿瘤。肿块直径大于4cm13例,密度不太均,边缘有分叶或有毛刺,误诊为肺癌;结论临床上多无急慢性感染症状,本病与其他占位性病变极相似,缺少特征,对本病缺乏认识是导致误诊的主要原因。肿块邻近胸膜,边缘出现尖角征,动态变化缓慢这3点对提高正确诊断率有独特的价值。     

Changes in optic nerve head blood flow and retrobular hemodynamics following calcium-channel blocker treatment of normal-tension glaucoma

Background: Because calcium channel blockers reduce vascularresistance, they may have a clinical application in the treatment ofnormal-tension glaucoma (NTG). This study investigates changes inboth the optic disc blood flow and the hemodynamics of retrobulbarvessels in NTG patients after the systemic administration of a calcium channel blocker. Methods: Twelve eyes of 12 NTG patients (meanage 57 6 ± 15.3 years) were examined before and after a 4-weektreatment with 2 mg b.i.d. oral nilvadipine, an L-typc calcium channel blocker. By scanning laser-Doppler flowmetry (SLDF), we obtained the velocity, flow, and volume from within a 10 × 10 pixel windowplaced on the temporal rim region of the optic disc perfusion map. Byultrasound color Doppler imaging (CDI), we measured the peak systolicvelocity (PSV) and the end diastolic velocity (EDV) of the ophthalmicartery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), nasal posterior ciliary artery (NPCA), and temporal posterior ciliary artery (TPCA). We then calculated a resistance index (RI) for each vessel. Results: After treatment, the flow and velocity of the optic disc blood flow significantly increased (P < 0.05).Nilvadipine also significantly reduced RIs of the CRA, NPCA, and TPCA(P <0 .05), and increased both the PSV of the NPCA and the EDVs of the CRA, NPCA, and TPCA. The percent change in velocity correlated significantly with the percent changes of the CRA RI and NPCA RI. Conclusions: Oral nilvadipine appears to reduce orbital vascular resistance, which consequentlyincreases the optic disc blood flow. Abbreviations.BP – blood pressure;CRA – central retinal artery;CDI – ultrasound color Doppler imaging;EDV – end diastolic velocity;NPCA – short posterior ciliary arteries located nasal to optic nerve;NTG – normal-tension glaucoma;OA – ophthalmic artery;PP – perfusion pressure;PSV – peak systolic velocity;RI – resistance index;SLDF scanning laser-Doppler flowmetry;TPCA – short posterior ciliary arteries locatedtemporal to optic nerve.     

薄层扫描法测定金龙祛痹丸中士的宁的含量

目的：马钱子粉系金龙祛痹丸中具毒怀的中药,为确保本品的安全有效,须建立其含量测定方法。方法：采用薄层扫描法测定金龙祛痹丸中士的宁的含量。以甲苯－丙酮－乙醇－浓氨试液为展开剂;单波长反射法锯齿扫描,测定波长为２５４ｎｍ。结果：通过方法学考察,点样量在０．５３５－３．２１０μｇ范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为９９．１％。结论：试验表明,方法可靠,数据准确,操作简便、 行。