膀胱癌肉瘤1例

1临床资料患者男，75岁，因无痛性肉眼血尿10天于2001年1月26日入院。体格检查：一般状况可，全身浅表淋巴结不大。膀胱区触痛。前列腺Ⅰ°肿大，质韧，表面光滑，未及结节，无触痛。B超示膀胱占位。CT：膀胱癌，侵及深肌层。KUB及IVU：膀胱左顶部见4.0cm×4.0cm的充盈缺损，肾盂、输尿管未见异常。膀胱镜检查：膀胱左顶部4.0cm×3.8cm×3.0cm 蕈状肿物，色暗红，基底广。于硬膜外麻醉下行膀胱部分切除术，术中见肿瘤如膀胱镜所见，侵及深肌层，未及外膜。病理诊断（图1、2）：膀胱癌肉瘤（癌性成份为腺癌，肉瘤成份为梭形细胞肉瘤）。…     

肝细胞癌的相关血清标志物

HCC的早期诊断是其治疗的关键，HCC血清标志物的检测又为其诊断提供了有利的途径，并且操作简单，敏感性高和特异性强。目前常用的血清标志物为AFP、AFP变异体、AFP mRNA、AFU、GGT、DCP、AIF、GPC3等。这些标志物的联合使用有助于HCC的诊断及预后。     

高分辨力超声对甲状腺癌的诊断价值

目的探讨高分辩力超声对甲状腺癌的诊断价值。方法对60例甲状腺癌的高分辩力超声图像及手术病理结果进行回顾性分析。结果超声对所有60例(100％)甲状腺癌的肿瘤结节都能显示，18例(30％)瘤结节那出现具有特征性的细颗粒状钙化灶。12例患者作了彩超检查，9例(75％)显示病变内部及周边有较丰富的血流信号。结论高分辩力超声对甲状腺癌检出率高．瘤体和瘤周丰富的血流以及特征性的细颗粒状钙化灶对定性诊断有较大的帮助。     

一例宫颈癌患者的辅助化疗

西某某，女，47岁，因“同房后不规则阴道出血1^＋年，分泌物增多4月”于2004年5月14日入我院。患者平素月经规则，周期28～30天，经期5～6天，末次月经为2004年4月9日。患者于1^＋年前无明显诱因出现同房后阴道出血，鲜红色，量少，可自止，月经周期及经期无明显改变，未予诊治。4个月前出现阴道分泌物增多，黄绿色，有臭味，每日需用卫生巾两片。     

组胺H3受体及其与神经系统疾病关系的研究进展

组胺是一种重要神经递质/调质,中枢组胺能神经纤维在脑内投射广泛.组胺有H1、H2、H3、H4四种受体,其中H3受体是Arrang等在1983年首次发现的.近年来的研究发现H3受体在脑内分布广泛,具有多种生物学效应,发挥多种生理功能,与多种神经系统疾病有关.下面就组胺H3受体与神经系统疾病关系的研究进展进行简要介绍.     

吉林地区儿童血铅情况调查

科学研究发现，铅进人人体内可损害骨髓造血系统，使血红蛋白合成障碍，引起贫血；损害神经系统，引起末梢神经炎。干扰神经功能，使神经传导速度减慢．造成行为、意识及神经效应改变，引起运动、感觉异常，闪电样疼痛，进而发展到感觉减退和肢体无力，甚至造成周围神经麻痹；损害消化系统，引起肝肿大、食欲下降等。儿童，特别是婴幼儿童对铅的毒害作用非常敏感，血铅在极低水平就能引起维生素D3的代谢障碍，修胃肠道中钙和磷的吸收减少，肾脏排钙增加，而骨组织的钙却下降，产生一系列缺钙的症状。其次，铅可以抢占钙离子的靶位点，从而干扰钙离子的正常代谢活动。最终使骨组织钙化过程减弱，骨细胞代偿性增生，     

短信

运动可减轻妇女更年期症状；夏日午睡可以减少心肌梗塞几率；练习瑜伽可增强乳癌患者免疫力；老年人跳舞有禁忌；常练太极拳老人腿脚健；     

活血逐瘀汤加减治疗第3腰椎横突综合征

活血逐瘀汤具有活血化瘀、消肿止痛之功效。自 1996～1999年 ,作者运用活血逐瘀汤加减治疗青壮年L3 横突综合征 6 0例 ,取得了满意的效果。现总结报告如下。1　临床资料　　本组 6 0例 ,男 4 2例 ,女 18例。年龄 18～ 4 7岁 ,平均 32 .3岁。单侧 4 6例 ,双侧 14例。病程 6个月以内者 2 7例 ,6个月以上者 33例 ,最长者 7年。轻者腰背部及臀部放射性疼痛 ,时轻时重。重者持续剧痛 ,不能参加体力劳动 ,行走困难。X线检查示横突增粗 ,外端层状骨痂影者 12例 ,伴有早期骨关节退行性改变者 4例。2　治疗方法　　以活血逐瘀汤为基本方 ,药用当归 1…     

红细胞调控白细胞免疫功能新的自然实验研究体系

目的用血液免疫反应路线图实验体系评估红细胞在白细胞免疫活性中的作用。方法将0·3ml血浆加入0·2ml全血细胞悬液(全血细胞组)或0·2ml白细胞悬液(白细胞组)中,37℃温育1h,用免疫酶联法测定IL-8和IL-12水平,流式细胞仪测定白细胞膜CD4、CD8、CD35和CXCR4表达量。结果全血细胞组IL-8和IL-12水平(分别为5·96±4·26、9·84±2·23ρB·pg-1·ml-1)明显低于白细胞组(分别为15·09±9·86、13·59±3·69ρB·pg-1·ml-1,P<0·05),淋巴细胞CD4、CD35、CXCR4表达量(分别为37·79±12·00、154·66±70·00、34·40±20·45)明显高于白细胞组(分别为18·54±11·32、83·26±35·99、16·69±11·09,P<0.01),粒细胞CD35表达量(603·63±257·64)明显高于白细胞组(384·86±174·16,P<0.01)。成人全血细胞组淋巴细胞和粒细胞CD35和CXCR4表达量明显高于脐血全血细胞组(P<0·05或P<0·01)。结论红细胞是白细胞(包括T淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞、NK细胞、树突状细胞、粒细胞等)免疫功能的调控者和指导者,脐血红细胞免疫调节功能明显下降;本研究为红细胞免疫调控活性测定提供了新的近似自然的方法。     

Changes in T .lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain inJury

BACKGROUND： Besides local changes of cranial parenchymal cells, hemorrhage, etc., severe traumatic brain injuries also cause the changes of total body fluid and various functions, and the changes of lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets should be paid more attention to. OBJECTIVE： To reveal the changing laws of T lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain injury, and compare with mild to moderate brain injury. DESIGN： A comparative observation. SETTINGS： Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City; Central Laboratory of Shenzhen Hospital of Prevention and Cure for Chronic Disease. PARTICIPANTS： All the subjects were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City from August 2002 to August 2005. Thirty patients with severe brain injury, whose Glasgow coma score （GCS） was ≤ 8 points, were taken as the experimental group, including 21 males and 9 females, aging 16 - 62 years. Meanwhile, 30 patients with mild traumatic brain injury were taken as the control group （GCS ranged 14- 15 points）, including 18 males and 12 females, aging 15 -58 years. All the subjects were in admission at 6 hours after injury, without disease of major organs before injury Informed consents were obtained from all the patients or their relatives. METHODS： （1） The T lymphocytes and the subsets in peripheral blood were detected with immunofluorescent tricolor flow cytometry at l, 3, 7 and 14 days after injury in both groups. （2） The conditions of pulmonary infections were observed at 4 days after injury. The differences of measurement data were compared with the t test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Changes of T lymphocytes subsets at 1 - 14 days after severe and mild or moderate traumatic injury. RESULTS： Finally, 28 and 25 patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, whereas 25 and 21 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were analyzed at 7 and 14 days respectively, and the missed ones died due to the development of disease. （1） Changes of T lymphocyte subsets： At 1 and 3 days after injury, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 began to decrease, whereas CD8 increased in the experimental group, which were very significantly different from those in the control group （t =2.77 - 3.26, P 〈 0.01）, and began to recover at 7 days, which were significantly different from those in the control group （t = 2.06 - 2.24, P 〈 0.05）, and generally recovered to the normal levels at 14 days （P 〉 0.05）. （2） Conditions of pulmonary infections： At 4 days after injury, the rate of pulmonary infection was significantly different between the experimental group and control group [73% （22/30）, 0, x2=37.29, P 〈 0.01]. CONCLUSION： Patients with severe traumatic brain injury suffer from damages of cellular immune function at early period （within 7 days）, and they are easily to be accompanied by pulmonary infections.