医案3则话辨证

通过对巅顶头痛、大便秘结和肌肤肿胀等3则医案治疗经过的总结,阐述中医辨证论治在临床中的重要性。     

胡建华治疗多发性抽动-秽语综合征经验举隅

全国名老中医胡建华老师治疗多发性抽动-秽语综合征经验丰富。胡老认为肝风扰动,痰阻窍络,心神不宁为该病病机;平肝熄风,助以化痰定志、养心安神为治疗原则,加味四虫汤为临证基本方。     

基于人工智能的骨龄辅助评价系统对四川地区完全性生长激素缺乏症患儿骨龄研究

目的 探讨采用基于“人工智能(AI)的骨龄辅助评价系统(上海初云医疗科技有限公司与四川大学华西第二医院合作开发)”(以下简称为AI系统)对完全性生长激素缺乏症(CGHD)患儿诊断及骨龄评价准确性。方法 选择2014年7月至2019年11月,于四川大学华西第二医院确诊的66例来自四川地区CGHD患儿为研究对象,纳入研究组。选择同期于病例收集医院儿童保健科进行骨龄测定的67例来自四川地区身高达标儿童作为对照,纳入对照组。对每例受试儿进行左手腕关节正位X射线摄片骨龄测定,由2位医师采用《TW₂骨龄评分法中国未成年人南方标准》(以下简称为TW₂CHN)》与《TW₃骨龄评分法标准》(以下简称为TW₃),盲法评价受试儿TW₂CHN-桡、尺、掌指骨(RUS)与TW₂CHN-腕骨(carpal)、TW₂CHN-20、TW₃-RUS及TW₃-carpal骨龄(以下简称为5种传统骨龄),以及以同性别、年龄身高达...     

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), also called the human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus [HTLV-III/LAV], has affected over 23,000 people; more than half of those with the disease have died. The actual case fatality rate approaches 100%. AIDS affects all groups and classes of people, although some are at special risk. Distribution of the disease is worldwide. The illness' effects on the body are widespread; of special interest are the ophthalmologic manifestations. The eye may be infected by various viruses (cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus, herpes simples virus or HIV itself), toxoplasma gondii, candida sp, cryptococcus neoformans, M. tuberculosis, or M. avium-intracellulare. Kaposi's sarcoma may affect the eye as well. Retinal vascular abnormalities (e.g., cotton-wool spots, vasculitis) are not uncommon in AIDS. The syndrome may present with neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations. No effective treatment for the illness is currently available, although several hold promise and there is hope for an AIDS vaccine. Prevention of infection through reduction of risks appears to be the only defense against AIDS at this time.     

不同证候H22荷瘤小鼠肿瘤ABC转运蛋白家族基因转录特征

目的:观察不同证候H22荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织ABC转运蛋白家族基因表达的特征。方法:对来源于早期邪毒壅盛和单纯气虚、中期阳气虚和中晚期气阴阳虚四种证候小鼠H22肿瘤组织4张Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Exon 1.0 STArray数据标准化处理后,筛选其中的ABC转运蛋白基因进行差异分析。结果:从芯片中共筛选出与ABC转运蛋白有关的基因47个,以邪毒壅盛小鼠肿瘤基因转录最活跃,气虚次之,阳气虚最低;四种常见证候间共有25个基因转录具有明显差异;Abce1和Abcf1等7个基因中在四种常见证候肿瘤中转录水平最高。结论:Tap1(Abcb2)和Abcd2等6个高表达基因可能是邪毒壅盛型小鼠肿瘤增长快的重要因素;不同证候荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织中的ABC转运蛋白基因转录既存在一定共性又存在很大差异,进一步证明了H22荷瘤小鼠证候客观存在的物质基础,为中医辨证论治提供分子依据。     

The Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome: clinical description and genetics

The Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is characterized by congenital aplasia of the uterus and the upper part (two-third) of the vagina. It may be isolated (type I) or associated with other malformations (type II or MURCS association). These latter involve the upper urinary tract, the skeleton and, to a lesser extent, the otologic sphere or the heart. The incidence of MRKH syndrome has been estimated as 1 in 4500 women. The prime feature is a primary amenorrhea in women presenting otherwise with normal development of secondary sexual characteristics and normal external genitalia. However, the vagina is reduced to a vaginal dimple with variable depth. The ovaries are normal and functional as well as the endocrine status. Karyotype is 46,XX, with no visible chromosome modification. The phenotypic manifestations of MRKH syndrome overlap with various other syndromes or malformations and thus require accurate delineation as well as differential diagnosis. For a long time, the syndrome has been considered as a sporadic anomaly, but increasing familial cases now support the hypothesis of a genetic cause currently under investigation. The syndrome appears to be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity.     

Pregnancy and lung cancer: a case report and review of the literature

Lung cancer is a frequent pathology among women, as a result of tobacco increase. Lung cancer among pregnant women is especially rare when revealed by Pancoast-Tobias syndrome. Foetal injury is possible. The approach is multidisciplinary. Prognosis is bad.     

Breast cancer,ovarian gonadoblastoma and cervical cancer in a patient with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps and mucocutaneous pigmentation. Patients with PJS have increased risk for gastrointestinal, breast, and female genital tract cancers. CASE: Multiple genital tract cancers in a 34-year-old woman with PJS are described. The patient, who was admitted to our department with severe vaginal bleeding, was performed right salpingo-oophorectomy because of pure gonadoblastoma in 1996. In 2003, concomitant to cervical carcinoma, breast cancer was diagnosed. Patient underwent left modified radical mastectomy due to the invasive papillary carcinoma. The patient received six cycles combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy because of stage IIIB cervical cancer. CONCLUSION(S): This is the first case report presenting PJS associated with multiple genital tract tumors including ovarian gonadoblastoma in literature. The clinical significance of these tumors in PJS patients has been reviewed.     

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic ovaries syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common female hormonal disorders. Its multiple components--reproductive, metabolic, neoplasic and cardiovascular--have a major impact on the public health. Androgen excess and resistance to insulin, probably from genetic origin, are responsible for most of the clinical symptomatology. Resistance to insulin seems to be accompanied by a greater risk of glucose intolerance, type 2 diabetes, lipidic anomalies and can involve the development of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, sleep apnea syndrome is more progressively described in PCOS. Infertility, menses disorders and hirsutism often push these patients to consult their physician. A better understanding of the physiopathological mechanisms led to the emergence of new therapeutic options increasing the sensitivity to insulin. Besides the pregnancy wishes, cares aim to attenuate the marks of the hyper-androgenism (hormonal treatment and cosmetic) and to correct cardiovascular, respiratory and gynaecological risk factors. In case of infertility by anovulation, cares must be performed by trained experts to minimize the risk of ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancies. A gradation from loose weight to clomiphene citrate ovulation induction, ovarian drilling, low dose gonadotropin, in vitro fertilisation, or in vitro maturation of oocytes should bring back good reproduction potential.     

Lynch syndrome and gynaecologic's cancer: follow-up recommendations

The Lynch syndrome or HNPCC, is due to a mutation of the genes pertaining to the system MMR. This frequency varies from 1/1000 to 1/400. It's responsible for 6% of endométrial cancers, 2% of ovarian cancers and 1 to 3% of colorectal cancers. A good knowledge of this syndrome is necessary for doing the diagnosis and adjustment of gynaecological and colorectal follow-up. The authors report four cases in Lynch syndrome family.