不同患者手术前后血中IL-2/sIL-2R系统的动态变化

本文研究28例胆囊炎胆石症、结肠癌和直肠癌患者手术前后血中IL-2/sIL-2R系统的动态变化。分别于手术前或当晨,术后1、2～3、5～7d抽血,测定血中IL-2、sIL-2R量,同时作CRP试验。结果表明,施行中等手术胆囊摘除总胆管切开引流术和半结肠切除术对IL-2/sIL-2R系统的影响与患者术前的水平有关。原先异常程度或轻或重,术后影响亦或轻或重,但均未见统计学差异。3例直肠癌患者施行miles氏手术,术后出现明显IL-2量下降,sIL-2R量增高,持续时间长。因此,初步说明创伤大的手术在一定程度上影响机体的IL-2/sIL-2R系统。并可从中发现规律,采取措施,具有一定的临床价值。     

外源性凝血途径和内皮细胞损伤与动脉粥样硬化之间的关系研究

目的探讨外源性凝血途径在动脉粥样硬化(AS)发病中的作用。方法均采用ELISA法测定心肌梗死、脑梗死、脑出血病人及正常对照组血浆TF、FⅦa的含量及不同时期这些物质浓度的变化、同时通过测定内皮细胞损伤的分子标记物vWF、内皮素 -1(ET -1)、总组织因子途径抑制物(TFPI)、组织因子(TF)探讨外源性凝血途径的活化与水平状况及内皮细胞损伤之间的关系。结果心肌梗死、脑梗死、脑出血病人TF、TFPT、ET -1、vWF、FⅦa,血中的浓度较正常对照组高 (P<0.01) ,有非常显著意义。结论外源性凝血途径与内皮细胞损伤和AS有密切相关。     

葛根素对小鼠脑微循环血流量的影响

为了观察静脉注射葛根素对小鼠脑微循环的影响，应用ＪＩ ２００型激光微循环动态分析仪直接记录脑微循环血流量的变化。结果表明，正常小鼠静脉注射葛根素（０．２ｍｇ／ｋｇ）３ｍｉｎ后，脑微循环血流量显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０５），且持续３０ｍｉｎ；提高葛根素剂量（２ｍｇ／ｋｇ），其效应加强且持续６０ｍｉｎ。高分子右旋糖酐所致脑微循环障碍小鼠静脉注射葛根素后，脑微循环血流量有改善，但作用较弱。结果提示，葛根素可增加正常小鼠脑微循环血流量，改善脑微循环     

Macrophage and perisinusoidal cell kinetics in acute liver injury.

Perisinusoidal cells (PSCs) are currently regarded as the major source of extracellular matrix proteins during hepatic fibrogenesis in response to liver injury. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying their response to injury are not fully understood. One hypothesis is that the PSCs are stimulated by peptide growth factors produced by hepatic macrophages (Kupffer cells) in response to parenchymal cell damage. In this study we have investigated the kinetics of the PSC and macrophage populations in acute carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury in rats. PSCs were identified immunohistochemically by detection of cytoplasmic desmin; monocytes and macrophages were detected using the monoclonal antibodies ED1 and ED2; cells in S phase were identified by immunohistochemical detection of nuclear-incorporated bromodeoxyuridine. The results showed an expansion of the desmin-positive PSC population, predominantly within the damaged perivenular zones, which reached a peak on days 3 and 4 following administration of carbon tetrachloride; this was contributed to by local PSC proliferation. The PSC response was preceded by an expansion of the macrophage population resulting from both local macrophage proliferation and influx of blood monocytes. These results are in keeping with the hypothesis that the PSC response to acute liver injury is mediated, at least in part, by hepatic macrophages.     

大鼠颌下腺、舌下腺副交感节前神经元胞体及树突的研究

将类霍乱毒素B原结合的辣根过氧化物酶(CB-HRP)注入大鼠一侧颌、舌下腺,标记了脑干内支配该腺副交感节前神经元的胞体及其轴、树突。在光学显微镜下,对所标神经元的位置、胞体形态、大小、树突的分布以及轴突在脑干内的行程做了较为系统的观察和测量,并结合有关参数的相关分析,对泌涎神经元的某些生理学特性做了初步探讨。     

Brain mapping analysis in patients with hepatic encephalopathy

Summary Topographical analysis of cerebral electrical activity was performed in 44 patients with hepatic encephalopathy. These patients were classified in 5 groups according to clinical criteria. Eight healthy subjects were used as a control group. All were studied in an awake, eyes closed, condition and some [Control Group (CG), Group 0 (G0), Group 1 (G1) and Group 2 (G2)] also in an awake, eyes open, condition. The awake, eyes closed, maps showed marked differences in the power spectral density (PSD) of the different bands, when comparing normal subjects with patients with several degrees of hepatic encephalopathy. These differences were related to the degree of clinical involvement, mainly in the alpha and delta PSD bands. The combination of a decreased alpha PSD, increased delta PSD, and decreased mean dominant frequency (MDF) allowed a clear discrimination between the different clinical groups. The differences observed between awake, eyes closed, and awake, eyes open, conditions were especially helpful to discriminate between CG subjects and G0, G1 and G2 patients.     

Inhalation anesthetic-induced neuroinvasion by an attenuated strain of West Nile virus in mice

There are contradictory reports regarding the effects of inhalation anesthetics on the immune system. Measurable immune responses have been studied in vitro, but little is known about the in vivo effects in the intact organism. We used an attenuated, non-neuroinvasive, nonlethal strain of the encephalitic West Nile virus, termed WN-25, which can become lethal in combination with environmental stressors, to study possible modulatory immune effects of inhalation anesthetics in mice. Both single short-term exposure and repeated exposure to halothane and nitrous oxide were studied. Exposure to 30% CO2 served as a positive control. Mortality, brain invasion, spleen weight, and antiviral antibodies served as the experimental endpoints. Halothane and nitrous oxide led to viral brain invasion, increased mortality, and suppressed immune response in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Repeated exposures had a cumulative effect. Assessment of the stability of the viral attenuation did not demonstrate any alteration in the character of the virus, suggesting an increased access to the brain by inhalation anesthetics that led to the fatal encephalitis. These findings may be of special concern to populations at risk, such as operating room staff and patients undergoing general anesthesia in endemic areas of encephalitic virus species, in which subclinical infection may develop into an overt disease.     

HSP70对大鼠肝脏局部缺血再灌注后炎症反应的影响

目的：通过热应激预处理诱导HSP70表达，探讨其对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤后炎症反应的影响。方法:采用大鼠局部缺血再灌注模型（IR组），并在热应激预处理（H+IR组）及槲皮素＋热应激预处理（Q+H+IR组）条件下观察肝脏缺血再灌注后HSP70、ICAM-1的表达及MPO的活性；测定血清ALT和AST的活性；电镜观察肝细胞结构的改变。结果:在H+IR组检测的各时点HSP70表达均明显高于其它两组、对肝脏进行缺血再灌注后，肝细胞损伤较轻，血清ALT、AST升高不明显(P<0.01)；肝组织中ICAM-1表达增加，以再灌注后6 h最显著，MPO活性升高以12 h最为显著，但两者变化均低于IR组和Q+H+IR组(P<0.01)。结论：〖HTSS〗热应激预处理诱导产生HSP70蛋白能够降低大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤过程ICAM-1的表达和MPO活性的改变，进而抑制炎症反应引起的肝脏损伤。     

慢性束缚应激致大鼠持续性高血糖症与孤束核损伤有关

目的 探讨孤束核联合亚核前部（acNTS）损伤在慢性束缚应激（CRS）所致的胰岛素抵抗性高血糖症发生中的作用。 方法 采用CRS大鼠模型（n=20;7 d束缚+3 d自由活动，共40 d），检测葡萄糖代谢相关指标。 结果 CRS导致约1/3的个体（n=7）持续性的中度胰岛素抵抗性高血糖（空腹血糖不超过11 mmol/L）。CRS高血糖鼠acNTS可观察到神经元染色浓缩，Caspase-3表达和TUNEL阳性染色，提示出现神经元凋亡样改变。机械损伤acNTS（n=6），空腹血糖水平逐渐升高，也能导致胰岛素抵抗性高血糖, 且高胰岛素血症、胰岛平均体积增大和血清皮质酮水平不变等特点与CRS小鼠一致。 结论 CRS损伤了acNTS的葡萄糖敏感神经元，从而使血糖调节紊乱。     

川芎嗪对内毒素脂多糖诱导的体外血脑屏障模型通透性增高的保护作用及其机制

目的:探讨川芎嗪对内毒素脂多糖(LPS)诱导的体外血脑屏障模型通透性增高的保护作用及其调控机制。方法:利用脑微血管内皮细胞与星型胶质细胞共培养建立体外大鼠血脑屏障模型,随机分为正常对照组、川芎嗪对照组、LPS干预组和川芎嗪治疗组。采用γ计数仪检测~(125)I-BSA通透量观察体外血脑屏障模型通透性的改变,Western印迹法检测紧密连接蛋白(zonula occludens-1,ZO-1)表达量的变化。结果:LPS使体外血脑屏障模型对~(125)I-BSA的通透量明显增加,脑微血管内皮细胞ZO-1蛋白表达下降,川芎嗪治疗组能明显拮抗LPS的上述作用。结论:川芎嗪对LPS诱导的体外血脑屏障通透性增高具有保护作用,其机制与它能影响血脑屏障紧密连接蛋白ZO-1表达有关。