孙思邈的针灸学说及其学术贡献

孙思邈,自号孙真人,唐初著名医学家,总结唐以前临床经验和医学理论,著《备急千金要方》及《千金翼方》二书。孙氏学识渊博,品德高尚,其学术思想是多方面的,如重视医德与医术相结合,将医为仁术的精神具体化;重视对药学和方剂学的研究,被后世誉为药王;研究伤寒的观点和方法对后世启发颇多;提倡食治与养性、养老等。此外,孙思邈在针灸学研究方面亦十分突出,他保存了唐以前重要的针灸文献史料,并首绘彩色《明堂经图》;明确指寸取穴法,勘定穴位,发展经穴理论;完善针灸治疗大法,重视针灸预防与治疗作用;临证重视诊脉刺灸,治疗疾病针、灸、药并重,对后世针灸学的发展具有重要贡献,今以《备急千金要方》及《千金翼方》二书中的针灸内容为据,探讨孙思邈在针灸学方面的主要学术贡献。     

In vitro evaluation of UV opacity potential of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aloe vera</Emphasis> L. gel from different germplasms

In this study, lyophilized crude and methanolic extracts of aloe gel from different germplasms (S24, RM, TN, OR, and RJN) of Aloe vera L. were tested for their ultraviolet (UV) opacity potential. UV absorption profiles, sun protection factor (SPF), and percentage blocking of UVA and UVB were considered to test UV opacity potential. Both the extracts showed UV absorption and followed the same path in the wavelength range of 250–400 nm in all the germplasms. Methanolic extract showed a stronger absorptivity than the crude lyophilized extract. Among the tested germplasms, maximum UV opacity property with a SPF of 9.97% and 79.12% UVB blocking was obtained with RJN, whereas a poor response was evident in TN with a SPF of 1.37% and 28.5% UVB blocking at 4 mg/ml methanolic extract. To our knowledge the present work for the first time documents UV opacity properties of A. vera L. gel and opens up new vistas in Aloe gel characterization.     

Aerosol optical thickness (AOT) retrieval over land using satellite image-based algorithm

The aim of this study is to present and apply the proposed algorithm on archived time series Landsat TM over an urban area in the vicinity of Heathrow Airport (UK) acquired in 1984–1986 and to two up-to-dated Landsat TM images in the vicinity of Paphos Airport in Cyprus acquired in July–August 2008. The monitoring of aerosol concentrations becomes a high environmental priority particularly in urban areas. The proposed algorithm has been developed to allow the quantification of the aerosol optical thickness (AOT) over land. The algorithm compares multitemporal satellite data sets and evaluates radiometric alterations due to the optical atmospheric effects of aerosols. Novel features of this algorithm which is based on the application of radiative transfer calculations are the inclusion of applying iteration procedures for selecting the suitable object for determining the aerosol optical thickness and the automatic division into working grid cells. AOT retrieval from Landsat TM band 1 images of Cyprus has been cross-validated satisfactorily by comparing AOT values found from handheld MICROTOPS II sun photometer.     

孙丽平教授治疗小儿唇风经验

孙丽平教授认为,小儿唇风的发生不外乎内、外二因,心脾积热是导致唇风发生的关键因素.治疗小儿唇风,重在清心泻脾,扶正祛邪.内治法采用泻黄散合导赤散加减为主方,外治法配合本院自制黄连膏,在临床应用中取得满意疗效.     

Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality Associated With Serum Sodium and Chloride in the General Population

Background

The prognostic value of serum chloride among patients with heart failure was demonstrated by previous studies. However, the association of serum chloride and risk of cardiovascular mortality among the general population remains unclear.

孙思邈外科学术思想探析

孙思邈针对外科疾病诊断,审证求因,重视气血,创“痈疽十八论”;强调鉴别诊断,擅长切诊,重视整体观念;针对外科疾病的治疗,用药辅以二便,推崇针药并用。在此基础上,孙思邈还注重灸法的应用。