慢性乙型肝炎病人血液单核细胞中HBV标志物的检出

本文报告在慢性乙型肝炎38例的外周血单核细胞(PBMC)和T、B淋巴细胞中检测到HBV标志物阳性29例(76.3％)。其中17例病人的PBMC中HBsAg,HBeAg和HBV-DNA阳性者分别为4,2和14例。21例病人分离出T,B淋巴细胞,其中T细胞中HBsAg,HBeAg与HBV-DNA阳性分别为2,2和1例;B细胞中分别为3,6,1例。血清HBV标志物阳性的病人其PBMC中这些标志物的检出率(13/15例)明显高于血清抗HBc和抗HBe阳性的稳定期病人(3/7例)。提示HBV可能感染和损害慢性乙型肝炎病人的淋巴细胞,这也许是乙型肝炎病人免疫功能异常的原因之一。     

The rate of resting heat production of rat papillary muscle

The rate of resting heat production of quiescent rat left ventricular papillary muscles was measured myothermically. The effects of contractile activity, stretch, oxygen partial pressure, temperature, amino acids and time were examined. The rate of basal heat production was the same throughout the day whether or not muscles contracted isotonically under a small pre-load. Passive stretch increased the rate of resting heat production; the stretch-induced increment was highly variable from muscle to muscle. The resting heat rate per se was only moderately sensitive to oxygen partial pressure and temperature, and was insensitive to the presence of amino acids in the bathing medium. The stretch-induced increase in resting heat rate was independent of these three factors. The rate of resting heat production declined exponentially with time to reach a plateau about 4 h following cardiectomy.     

Extraocular proprioceptive signals affect ocular motor activity neither directly nor parametrically in the presence of optokinetic or vestibular stimulation in the frog

Summary Direct and parametric effects of stretch receptors in the extraocular muscles on abducens nerve activity were investigated in the unanesthetized immobilized frog. Horizontal passive rotations of one eye in the physiological range (±5°) did not elicit responses in the activity of abducens nerve on either side; however, larger rotations or pull of one eye evoked long latency direction-unspecific responses simultaneously in both nerves. When the animal was stimulated vestibulary in the horizontal plane with sinusoidal or constant acceleration, abducens activity was not altered in correlation to passive eye movements in the physiological range. Similarly, the activity of either nerve evoked by simultaneous or preceding optokinetic stimulation of one eye with constant pattern velocity was not modified by passive rotation of the contralateral eye.     

膈神经牵拉伤12例

目的：研究膈神经牵拉伤的临床特征及肺功能变化．方法：分析１２例膈神经牵拉伤患者的病因，行肺功能、电生理学、病理学检测．结果：１２例膈神经牵拉伤中，８例为完全性损伤（６６．７％），４例为部分损伤（３３．３％）．完全性损伤均为摩托车车祸致伤，其昏迷、骨折史分别为８７．５％、７５．０％，而部分损伤可为车祸或跌伤所致，其昏迷、骨折史分别为５０．０％、０．０％．肺功能测定各指标中，仅伤后３个月内肺活量（ＶＣ）和残气占肺总量百分比（ＲＶ／ＴＬＣ）轻度下降，而最大通气量（ＭＶＶ）、时间肺活量（ＦＥＶ１，ＦＥＶ２，ＦＥＶ３）均正常．结论：膈神经牵拉伤常为头颈极度分离牵拉所致，以完全损伤为多见；单侧膈神经牵拉伤后肺功能仅早期ＶＣ出现轻度改变，对呼吸功能无特殊影响；认识膈神经牵拉伤对提供高质量移位动力神经、提高膈神经移位术疗效有重要意义．     

Electrophysiological characterization of dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic neurones in organotypic slice cultures of the rat ventral mesencephalon

The effects of bilateral focal cooling of dorsolateral thoracic spinal cord on segmental reflex pathways to the triceps surae muscles were assessed in decerebrate cats from the reflex forces produced by single shocks or trains of electrical stimuli applied to the ipsilateral caudal cutaneous sural and the contralateral tibial nerves. The validity of the dorsal cold block technique as a substitute for acute surgical dorsal hemisection was established by showing that focal cooling reliably reproduced the stretch-induced clasp knife inhibition of triceps surae reflexive force seen following dorsal hemisection. Under control (warm) conditions, the inhibitory components of electrically evoked ipsilateral sural and contralateral tibial reflexes faded rapidly during sustained trains, with a resultant production of large-amplitude reflex force as measured from either the entire triceps surae or from the medial gastrocnemius muscle alone. Dorsal cold block greatly reduced the amplitude of reflexive force evoked by sustained electrical stimulation of either nerve. Indeed, the cold block completely reversed the sign of train-evoked reflexes to a net inhibition of reflex force output in one-half of the sural and one-half of the contralateral tibial stimulation experiments. Peak transient forces evoked by single shocks to the sural or contralateral tibial nerves were also sometimes reduced, but this result was more variable than for prolonged nerve stimulation. The persistence of activity in segmental inhibitory pathways during dorsal cold block, as indicated by instances of reflex sign reversal, suggests that descending bulbospinal pathways traversing the dorsolateral funiculi may be responsible for fading of segmental inhibitory reflex components in decerebrate cats with intact spinal cords during sustained afferent input. The possibility that the enhanced magnitude and duration of segmental inhibition during cold block will increase the likelihood of disruption of the size principle for motoneuron recruitment is also discussed.     

牵张预适应对牵张致大鼠心律失常的抑制作用

的:通过观察增加大鼠左室后负荷引起心肌单向动作电位(MAP)改变来研究牵张预适应对牵张导致心律失常的影响。方法:采用部分夹闭大鼠主动脉根部以增加左室后负荷的在体心脏模型,观察预牵张和再次牵张过程中左心室肌MAP及左室压力的变化。结果:预牵张引起心律失常及一段短暂的时间依赖性机械电适应期。牵张预适应依赖于两次牵张间期。结论:牵张预适应具有时间依赖性地抗牵张导致心律失常的作用。心室肌的“机械电适应期”可能为临床上心律失常治疗提供新的思路。     

肩锁关节韧带功能解剖和生物力学研究

目的通过对肩锁关节周围韧带的功能解剖和生物力学研究来判断各相关韧带在维持肩锁关节稳定方面的作用,从而指导临床治疗。方法解剖新鲜成人肩锁关节标本16个,随机分为两组,A组保留肩锁韧带和喙锁韧带,B组仅保留肩锁韧带,比较两组之间承受拉力的差别。结果 A组拉力平均值为618.10N,B组拉力平均值为567.97N,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肩锁韧带的抗拉强度明显高于喙锁韧带,说明就肩锁关节的稳定性而言肩锁韧带远较喙锁韧带安全。     

美宝创面速愈贴治疗小面积深度烧伤与溃疡(附41例报告)

目的为观察美宝创面速愈贴对深度烧伤和溃疡的再生修复情况及其临床使用的安全性、可靠性、实用性.方法自2006年7月至2007年9月,我们用美宝创面速愈贴在对41例56处小面积深度烧伤或溃疡治疗的同时,重点对烧伤深Ⅱ度浅型、深型,Ⅲ度浅型创面的治愈时间、创面液化情况、刺激疼痛、换贴出血、继发感染、过敏反应等5项指标作了综合评分与观察.结果治愈天数10处深Ⅱ度浅型x=8.42d±0.87d,17处深Ⅱ度深型x=14.49d±1.32d,13处Ⅲ度浅型x=20.62d±1.04d.7处Ⅲ度深型与9处溃疡都是经由创周上皮向内生长爬行与创面少数皮钉扩展融合修复.组间的5项综合评分均满意.结论美宝创面速愈贴对治疗小面积深度烧伤、溃疡有较好的安全性、可靠性和实用性.     

高牵张促进烧伤血清复合缺氧条件下心肌细胞p38磷酸化研究

目的观察高负荷对烧伤血清复合缺氧条件下心肌细胞p38表达、磷酸化的影响。方法采用原代培养的乳鼠心肌细胞，分别给予正常血清（SN组）、烧伤血清＋缺氧（SH组）、烧伤血清＋缺氧＋10％轴向静态牵张（SHS组）3种处理，采用WesternNot和免疫荧光检测p-p38于心肌细胞内的表达情况。结果SHS组较SH组p38表达、磷酸化增强，且磷酸化高峰提前，免疫荧光分析证实SH组、SHS组心肌细胞内p-p38水平明显提高。结论高牵张上调烧伤血清复合缺氧条件下心肌细胞p38的表达和磷酸化水平，后者可能是高负荷对心肌细胞损伤的主要方式。     

主动脉牵拉后的顺应性和强直性脊柱炎脊柱后凸矫正的关系

目的 :探讨强直性脊柱炎 (AS)脊柱后凸矫正术的适应症与主动脉钙化的关系。方法 :① 6例新鲜尸体主动脉按 10 %、15 %、2 0 %、2 5 %、30 %和 35 %牵拉后的力学变化 ,用压力换能器在生理二道记录仪上记下压力值 ,作组织切片 ,光镜观察 ;② 30例高血压主动脉钙化硬化病人在核磁共振下动态由弯腰变伸直进行弯腰试验 ;③ 41例AS合并主动脉钙化患者 ,脊柱后矫正前后行X线观察主动脉与椎体相对位移情况。结果 :主动脉受牵拉超过原长的 2 0 %会产生血管损伤 ,而牵拉在 15 %以内则无血管损伤 ;弯腰试验主动脉与椎体无移位 ;主动脉钙化者 ,矫正术后均未发现主动脉损伤征象。结论 :对AS脊柱后凸合并主动脉钙化患者 ,只要术中对主动脉的牵拉限制在 2 0 %以内脊柱矫形术是安全的。术中采用控制性低血压可以增加主动脉顺应性。