血管内皮生长因子及炎性因子在油酸性犬急性呼吸窘迫综合征中的变化

目的探讨油酸性急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）beagle犬血浆及肺泡灌洗液血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF—α）水平的改变。方法12只英国纯种beagle犬，静脉注射油酸0．15mL／kg，在注射油酸前、后1h，出现ARDS的典型表现时，抽血测VEGF、sICAM-1、IL-8、TNF—α，并对此时相作肺泡灌洗液VEGF、sICAM—1、IL-8、TNF-α的测定。结果beagle犬静脉注射油酸后1h血浆TNF—α升高（P〈0．05），血浆反肺泡灌洗液IL8、sICAM-1和VEGF在1h较油酸前没有明显变化（P〉0．05），beagle犬油酸型ARDS模型建立后血浆及肺泡灌洗液VECF、sICAM-1、IL-8、TNF—α均显著高于建模前（P〈0．05）。结论VEGF、sICAM-1、IL-8、TNF～α在beagle犬油酸型ARDS发生发展过程中可能均起重要作用，其水平的高低可能与ARDS严重程度及预后有关。     

抑癌基因KLF-6和APC在结直肠癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的 研究抑癌基因KLF-6和APC在结直肠癌中的表达规律及其临床意义。方法 应用RT-PCR和免疫组织化学法对32例结直肠癌组织和正常黏膜组织中KLF-6和APC基因mRNA及蛋白的表达进行检测和分析。结果 KLF-6与APC的mRNA阳性表达率在结直肠癌组织中分别为37、5％和34，3％，明显低于正常结直肠黏膜组织的96．9％和93．8％（P〈0．05）。KLF-6与APC的免疫组化染色阳性表达率在结直肠癌组织中分别为28．1％和25．0％，明显低于正常结直肠黏膜组织的81．3％和84．4％（P〈0．05）。KLF-6与APC在结直肠癌中的表达存在相关性（P〈0．05），并与肿瘤组织的分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移及临床分期均有明显相关性（P〈0．05）。结论 抑癌基因KLF-6和APC的低表达可能与结直肠癌的发生、发展、转移及预后有关，且两者存在相关性。     

根管预备程度对无髓牙根管壁应力影响的分析

目的 分析不同根管腔的直径对根管壁应力的影响。方法 在已建立的下颌第一磨牙模拟常规法根管预备修改的实验模型基础上，再修改根管腔直径，使根管直径扩大到牙根直径的1／3和1／2，并在修改模型上加载，计算在不同加载条件下牙齿各部及管壁的最大应力。结果 根管腔直径增大会引起根管壁应力的升高，该变化主要出现在根管口和根上1／3段，侧向加载时产生的应力差异大于垂直加载时产生的应力差异。结论 根管预备应以去除根管壁的感染物质，获得良好的根管成形为原则，过度的预备不仅没有必要，甚至有害。     

Low level of response to alcohol as associated with serotonin transporter genotype and high alcohol intake in adolescents.

BACKGROUND: A low level of response to alcohol has been associated with both the genetic constitution of the regulatory region (SLC6A4) of the human serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) transporter (5-HTT) and with future alcohol intake and an increased risk for alcoholism. To date, all studies of relevant polymorphisms have been carried out in populations in the United States. METHODS: Data were extracted from a subset (n = 243) of a cohort of children who have been observed since birth through evaluation of the family history of alcoholism and psychosocial risk influences. At age 16 years, the response to alcohol was assessed with the Self-Rating of the Effects of Alcohol (SRE) questionnaire, and the average amount of alcohol intake per month was assessed during the prior 6 months. Additional variables that were measured included the 5-HTT genotype, externalizing behavior, and sociodemographic variables, such as gender and age. RESULTS: The level of response to alcohol was significantly lower among carriers of two long alleles of the 5-HTT regulatory region compared with carriers of one or two short alleles (Mann-Whitney U = 5225.0, p = .005). In a multiple regression analysis, the level of response to alcohol and externalizing behavior but not psychosocial factors significantly predicted the average amount of alcohol intake per month. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that, independent of the assessed psychosocial variables, the 5-HTT genotype correlated with the level of response to alcohol and predicted alcohol intake among 16-year-old adolescents.     

人胶质瘤干细胞内在自我更新能力

目的 了解胶质瘤干细胞内在的自我更新和增殖能力。方法 观察原代胶质瘤细胞在单纯改良Eagle/F12培养液（DMEM/F12）中胶质瘤干细胞球的形成,并检测其CD133、胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、微管相关蛋白（MAP2）、髓磷脂碱性蛋白（MBP）的表达。通过二代球体形成、细胞增殖测定、分化实验分析其自我更新、增殖、多能分化能力。通过裸鼠移植瘤实验观察所分离细胞球细胞与原代培养胶质瘤细胞成瘤能力的差异。结果 在单纯DMEM/F12培养液中形成的胶质瘤细胞球细胞表达神经干细胞标记CD133,不表达分化标志GFAP、MAP2,少数细胞表达MBP。分离出的胶质瘤细胞球细胞可在单纯DMEM/F12培养基中增殖,并能形成CD133阳性的二代细胞球,可分化为GFAP、MAP2、MBP阳性表达的肿瘤细胞。裸鼠成瘤实验显示其成瘤能力显著高于原代胶质瘤细胞。结论 胶质瘤干细胞能在无血清、无外源性细胞因子培养基中形成肿瘤干细胞球,胶质瘤干细胞的自我更新和增殖不依赖于外源性生长因子,它可能拥有自我更新的自身活化机制。     

磷酸化信号传导与转录激活因子3在前列腺癌早期诊断中的应用

目的 探讨前列腺穿刺标本中磷酸化信号传导与转录激活因子3(P-STAT3)表达在前列腺癌(PCa)早期诊断中的应用价值.方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测接受重复穿刺的PCa患者初次穿刺未检出癌的标本(29例)、重复穿刺确诊PCa时的癌灶标本(29例)、重复穿刺确诊PCa时的非癌灶标本(29例)以及良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者初次穿刺标本(29例)中P-STAT3的表达.统计学分析其与临床诊断的相关性及对PCa发生的预测作用.结果 P-STAT3在PCa患者癌灶标本、非癌灶标本及初次穿刺标本中阳性表达率分别为93.1%(27/29)、82.8%(24/29)和86.2%(25/29),在BPH标本中阳性表达率为10.3%(3/29),前三者的阳性率明显高于后者(X2=60.123,P=0.000);如以初次穿刺标本中P-STAT3表达阳性作为PCa的诊断标准,该方法的敏感性为86.2%,特异性为89.7%.结论 检测穿刺标本P-STAT3表达可以作为前列腺穿刺活检的辅助诊断方法,用于PCa的早期诊断,预测PCa的发生.     

延边地区农村朝、汉族肥胖与慢性病危险因素关系分析

目的：分析延边农村地区朝、汉族肥胖与慢性病危险因素关系。方法：随机抽取延边地区农村50～60岁朝、汉族常驻人群447名，采用面对面询问法进行问卷调查，观察不同民族体质指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）水平与慢性病危险因素-血清总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDI—C）、甘油三醋（TG）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）及血糖（FBG）的关系。结果：不同民族居民WC、SBP、DBP、FBG及HDL—C分布特征存在差异。不同民族BMI、WC与慢性病危险因素的相关性存在差异。结论：制定延边地区慢性病防治策略和措施时应考虑民族与肥胖种类的因素。     

Postpartum urinary incontinence: a comparison of vaginal delivery, elective, and emergent cesarean section

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of delivery on the pelvic floor and whether cesarean section (C/S) can prevent pelvic floor injury. Five hundred thirty nine women were divided into three groups according to the delivery method adopted: elective C/S, emergent C/S, and vaginal delivery. A urinary incontinence questionnaire survey was conducted around 1 year postpartum. Emergent C/S may be a major risk factor for postpartum urinary incontinence and interfere with the benefit of elective C/S for preventing pelvic floor injury. Hence, not all C/S deliveries can reduce the likelihood of postpartum urinary incontinence. The key lies in whether the C/S is performed before labor.     

Relationship between insulin-like growth factor I, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and proresorptive cytokines and bone density in cystic fibrosis

Introduction Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are known to be at risk for early osteoporosis, and the mechanisms that mediate bone loss are still being delineated. The aim of the present investigation was to investigate if a correlation exists in these patients between skeletal measurements by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and two anabolic factors, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and proresorptive factors such as the cytokines interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin-6. Methods We studied 32 outpatients (18 females; mean age: 26.2 ± 7.9 years) at a tertiary care medical center. The subjects had venous samples obtained, underwent anthropometric and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements, and completed a health survey. Serum IGF-I concentrations were below the age-adjusted mean in 78% of the participants, and DHEA sulfate (DHEAS) concentrations were low in 72%. Serum concentrations of all cytokines were on the low side of normal; nonetheless, there was a modest inverse correlation between IL-1β and BMD at all sites. Results In univariate analyses, IGF-I and DHEAS were significant correlates of BMD or bone mineral content. In final multivariate models controlling for anthropometric and other variables of relevance to bone density, only IGF-I was identified as a significant independent skeletal predictor. While alterations in DHEAS, IGF-I, and specific cytokines may contribute to skeletal deficits in patients with CF, of these factors a low IGF-I concentration appears to be most strongly correlated with BMD. Conclusions These findings may have therapeutic implications for enhancing bone density in these patients.