甲硝唑注射液无菌检查方法学验证

目的：建立甲硝唑注射液的无菌检查方法。方法：采用薄膜过滤法，以不同冲洗量，联合加入表面活性剂等方法以消除甲硝唑的抑菌活性。结果：样品、阴性对照无菌生长，所有阳性对照及试验组菌在2d内生长良好。结论：薄膜过滤法可以用于无菌检查，检查时甲硝唑注射液以伽．2％聚山梨酯80的冲洗液500ml 5次冲洗后依法培养，生孢梭菌为阳性对照菌。     

入侵检测系统研究进展

入侵检测系统是重要的信息安全措施.本文对目前入侵检测系统的研究进展进行了详尽的总结分析,指出了入侵检测系统的最新发展及动态呈现的新特点,重点分析了智能算法的应用、数据融合和报警关联技术的引入、检测对象变化情况及与其它安全技术的协作性;阐述了对入侵检测系统的测试评估方面的最新发展情况以及目前入侵检测标准化的现状;最后,展望了入侵检测系统发展的方向.     

医疗器械灭菌包装设计的几个基本要求

医疗器械灭菌包装（MDSP）的基本原理及在实践中的实现。     

柳州市2336名艾滋病自愿咨询检测者调查结果分析

目的全面了解接受艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)人群目前构成现状及行为信息,为下一步有针对性地制定宣传教育对象与内容,为制定AIDS的防治决策和工作重点提供科学参考。方法主动到柳州市疾病预防控制中心(CDC)艾滋病防治中心进行HIV抗体检测的VCT者2336例,对所记录的人口与行为相关资料进行分析。结果VCT者主要是20~45岁青壮年,占80.99%。主要以女性为主,占55.44%,60.49%是因为有过婚外性行为而求询检测。已婚者,占总检测人数的55.52%。高中学历的占很大比例,占83.86%;自由职业和无业人员占79.92%。结论艾滋病的感染传播,今后将以性传播为主。加大对卖淫、嫖娼、同性恋、吸毒人员、文化水平较低的进城务工人员、家庭妇女等进行教育及扩大VCT面,是发现及预防HIV传播的重要手段。     

Peer-delivered hepatitis C testing and counselling: a means of improving the health of injecting drug users

We hypothesized that providing injecting drug users (IDUs) with free hepatitis C testing and counselling at a needle and syringe programme (NSP) would be an effective model. Between August 1999 and January 2000, our peer outreach worker offered these services from a busy NSP in western Melbourne. Over 300 counselling episodes were provided, and 47 IDUs who were not tested in the previous 12 months were given tests and full pre- and post-test counselling, and were interviewed about reasons for not being tested, their knowledge of hepatitis C, and their risk behaviour. Twenty-eight IDUs (59.6%) tested antibody-positive, demonstrating the need to improve testing coverage and compliance with counselling requirements. Most were not tested because they did not think they were at risk, but their reported behaviour and antibody test results showed otherwise. Twenty people returned for a second interview, and improvements in their risk behaviour and knowledge of hepatitis C were detected. Our experience suggests that demand exists for hepatitis C testing and counselling of IDUs in Melbourne's western suburbs, that testing and counselling improve IDUs' ability to avoid harm, and that delivery of these services by a trained and experienced peer located at an NSP is an appropriate and effective model.     

Marital support,spousal contact and the course of mild hypertension

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: To define marital support (MS) and its correlates in a sample of mild hypertensives where marital adjustment (by Dyadic Adjustment Scale, DAS) was related to 3-year left ventricular mass, a secondary analysis was performed on 103 men and women who underwent 24-h ambulatory BP (ABP) monitoring, M-mode echocardiography and completed psychosocial questionnaires at baseline and 3 years. RESULTS: MS, defined as the presence of both marital satisfaction and cohesion (upper quartiles of DAS subscales) at baseline, predicted 3-year left ventricular mass (P=.007), which decreased 8% in the MS group and increased 6.26% in the low MS group. The MS group also had lower 24-h diastolic BP over 3 years (P=.016) than the low MS group. Based on the amount of spousal contact during ABP, MS subjects spent much more time together after 3 years than at baseline (P=.008) and compared to the low MS group (P=.027). CONCLUSION: MS, a construct of both the quality and quantity of contact between spouses, was related to improved 3-year outcome in mild hypertension. Prospective clarification of the role of MS in mild hypertension is required.     

CT scores of emphysema and oxygen desaturation during low-grade exercise in patients with emphysema

Purpose: We evaluated the usefulness of CT for assessing oxygen desaturation during walking in patients with emphysema.Material and Methods: The study comprised 32 patients with emphysema (mean age 67±6 years). Serial CT images of 5 mm were obtained from the apex to the basal regions of the lung during deep inspiration. The severity of emphysema was scored by four physicians according to a visual method. A six-minute walking test and oxygen desaturation (pSO₂) measurements were performed.Results and Conclusion: The mean CT score of the four observers was signfiicantly correlated with the nadir pSO₂ and ΔpSO₂, but did not correlate with the total distance walked. These results suggest that CT may be used for the assessment of oxygen desaturation during low-grade exercise in patients with emphysema.     

Testing for acanthocytosis

Abstract The presence of acanthocytosis in peripheral blood smears remains the hallmark of the clinical diagnosis of most neuroacanthocytosis syndromes, such as chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) and McLeod syndrome. Genetic analyses and/or specific laboratory tests are available only for a minority of these disorders. Testing for acanthocytosis is hampered by the lack of data on normal amounts of acanthocytes assessed by a standardized method. We report a prospective reader-blinded study designed to establish control values for abnormally shaped erythrocytes in healthy volunteers and patients with movement disorders (MDs) using light microscopic assessment of erythrocyte morphology in standard EDTA and isotonically diluted blood samples. We investigated a total of 100 patients fulfilling clinical criteria of specific MDs, 31 patients with MDs not matching any clinical criteria, and 37 healthy controls. In patients with diagnosed MDs and healthy controls, acanthocytes in dry blood smears were significantly more frequent following isotonic dilution compared with standard EDTA blood. In unfixed wet blood preparations of both EDTA blood and isotonically diluted blood, acanthocyte levels were significantly higher than in standard dry blood smear preparations. There were no statistical differences of acanthocyte levels in all test conditions between diagnosed MDs and healthy volunteers. There was no significant correlation of acanthocyte levels in all blood samples and preparations with age, sex or diagnosis. Thus, normal values were defined as the 99th percentile of combined results of the two groups of volunteers. Diluted blood combined with wet blood preparation showed high specificity (0.98) and the highest sensitivity of all test procedures (all genetically confirmed ChAc patients were detected). The reported method is cheap, readily available, and provides high specificity and sensitivity in respect to clinically relevant acanthocytosis. The use of isotonically diluted blood samples combined with unfixed wet blood preparation with a normal range of <6.3% of total erythrocytes is recommended to search for significant acanthocytosis in movement disorders.     

针尖穿刺力实验室间比对验证

本文主要通过组织8个实验室进行一次性使用无菌注射针“针尖刺穿力”的能力比对验证实验,验证该项目检验方法的有效性和可比性,以及各检验实验室检验该项目的差异。