国人枢椎齿突尖与枕大孔位置关系的MRI测量

目的探讨中国人枢椎齿突尖与枕大孔的位置关系及其发育规律。方法选择5-85岁正常国人296例和Arnold- Chiari畸形患者21例,在正中矢状面自旋回波T1-WI上,分组测量其枢椎齿突高距(TD)、斜距(OD)和颅基线长度(DFM)。测量数据以 x±s表示,采用相关系数、方差分析和t检验等方法作统计学处理。结果各性别、年龄组正常国人枢椎齿突TD、OD和DFM均数不同、生长发育曲线不同,其中齿突OD和DFM男性明显长于女性(P=0．000),齿突TD无显著性别差异(P=0．091);齿突TD、OD和DFM 与年龄有负相关关系(P<0．05),齿突TD、OD和DFM之间有正相关关系(P<0．05),其中齿突TD与DFM关系较大(P=0．000),部分年龄组上有显著差异(P<0．05)。枢椎齿突OD正常人各年龄组均远比Arnold-Chiari畸形组的长(P=0．000),其TD在20-40岁年龄组与之有显著性差异(P=0．016)。结论枢椎齿突与枕大孔的位置关系可用齿突高距、斜距来定量分析和MRI无创性活体测量．正常国人齿突 TD、OD和DFM有性别、年龄差异,其生长发育有一定规律,Arnold-Chiari畸形患者齿突TD、OD较短。     

Ganglioside lateralization in the brain of female rats

The ganglioside composition of the cerebral hemispheres of young and adult rats of either sex has been herein assessed for the first time. In females, the total ganglioside content at any age, the content of GM1, GD1a, and GD1b at 8 days, and the content of GM1, GD1b, GT1b, and GQ1b at 60 days were higher in the right than in the left hemisphere. In males, no difference was observed. Concerning the ceramide moiety, a difference was displayed by C18:1 long-chain base in GD1a, whose proportion was higher in the left than in the right hemisphere of females aged 8 days. The comparison between homolateral hemispheres of rats of different sex revealed several differences. On average, in 8-day-old animals, the content of gangliosides was higher in females than in males. At 60 days the amount of gangliosides was on average lower in females than in males, even if with some exception. The data obtained with the current investigation show the existence of a ganglioside lateralization in rat brain, exclusively in females, and almost entirely at charge of the oligosaccharide portion. Moreover, age-dependent changes of ganglioside pattern and content show a dependence on brain lateralization. J. Neurosci. Res. 50:643–648, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

从“罢极之本”诠释肝的主要功能

通过对罢极之本文字考释和《黄帝内经》原文学习研究,认为肝者,罢极之本包含肝的主要生理功能但又不是具体功能,并通过肝的主要功能予以体现,应理解为调节人体生命活动之根本。从另一角度认识肝的主要生理功能,可望对亚健康研究和临床提供一定的帮助。     

颅脑损伤后并发癫痫的护理

癫痫是颅脑外伤后的严重并发症,多发生于外伤后2～3周,尤以48～72h内为最多,它在原发损伤的基础上进一步加重了脑组织的病理损伤及神经生化改变,导致病情恶化,严重时导致病人死亡.我科于2006年1月～2010年6月共收治颅脑损伤后癫痫发作病人37 例,经积极抢救和精心护理取得满意疗效,现总结如下.     

OSAHS患者药物诱导睡眠内镜检查状态下咽喉部评分情况及其影响因素探讨

目的 探究阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者药物诱导睡眠内镜(DISE)检查状态下腭咽、口咽、舌根和会厌(VOTE)评分情况及其影响因素。方法 选取2019年3月—2021年3月石家庄市人民医院95例OSAHS患者,均行DISE检查,由两名经验相近的医师进行VOTE评分,采用组内相关系数评价两名医师评估OSAHS患者总VOTE评分的一致性。并比较不同临床参数患者VOTE评分,通过多元线性逐步回归模型分析VOTE评分的影响因素。结果 95例OSAHS患者4个阻塞平面总VOTE评分为(4.07±0.81)分,其中腭咽平面评分(1.49±0.13)分,以环形阻塞为主;口咽平面评分(1.38±0.15)分,均为左右阻塞;舌根平面评分(1.05±0.10)分,均为前后阻塞;会厌平面评分(0.15±0.02)分,均为左右阻塞;两名医师评估OSAHS患者腭咽平面评分的一致性相关系数为0.912(95%CI为0.846～0.972),评估口咽平面评分的一致性相关系数为0.926(95%CI为0.871～0.984),评估舌根平面评分的一致性相关系数为0.975(95%CI为0.891～0...     

基层医院消毒灭菌现状调查与分析

目的　根据调查情况 ,找出基层医院在消毒灭菌工作中存在的问题 ,并探讨其管理对策。方法　对所在市部分二级综合医院、二级专科医院和一级综合医院 ,通过传真、电话、信函和面谈几种方式进行调查。结果　不同层次的基层医院消毒灭菌工作 ,都存在不同程度的问题。主要是医务人员不重视 ,消毒灭菌知识缺乏等。结论　基层医院消毒灭菌工作仍需要加强管理 ,予以完善     

How important is the Sphenoseptal cell in identifying the skull base?Recent incidence and demonstration of endoscopic surgical steps

Background/aim Because of close relations to important anatomical structures such as cavernous sinus and optic nerve, sphenoid sinus variations must be well trained by the otolaryngologist who has an interest in endoscopic sinus surgery. Newly defined sphenoseptal cell (SSC) is one of those variations that may lead to insufficient endoscopic sinus surgery outcomes if not defined preoperatively with imaging studies. The present study aimed to present the main characteristics of this special type of nasal cell.Materials and methods In this study, 610 paranasal sinus CT scans were analyzed and reviewed retrospectively between May 2018 and December 2019. Also, endoscopic findings of SSC that cause a surgical catastrophe in identifying skull base and sella are presented during transnasal transsphenoidal pituitary surgery.Results According to its definition and relation to the sphenoid sinus and the skull base, an SSC was seen in 21 scans of 610 patients (3.4%), 11 were women (55%) and 10 were men (45%). ConclusionAlthough an SSC is a rare variation of nasal air cells, preoperative diagnosis of this cell is of paramount importance in some patients during endoscopic transnasal surgery for the identification of skull base.     

Differential responses to parathyroid hormone‐related protein (PTHrP) deficiency in the various craniofacial cartilages

PTHrP null mutant mice exhibit skeletal abnormalities both in the craniofacial region and limbs. In the growth plate cartilage of the null mutant, a diminished number of proliferating chondrocytes and accelerated chondrocytic differentiation are observed. In order to examine the effect of PTHrP deficiency on the craniofacial morphology and highlight the differential feature of the composing cartilages, we examined the various cartilages in the craniofacial region of neonatal PTHrP deficient mice. The major part of the cartilaginous anterior cranial base appeared to be normal in the homozygous PTHrP deficient mice. However, acceleration of chondrocytic differentiation and endochondral bone formation was observed in the posterior part of the anterior cranial base and in the cranial base synchondroses. Ectopic bone formation was observed in the soft tissue‐running mid‐portion of the Meckel's cartilage, where the cartilage degenerates and converts to ligament in the course of normal development. The zonal structure of the mandibular condylar cartilage was scarcely affected, but the whole condyle was reduced in size. These results suggest the effect of PTHrP deficiency varies widely between the craniofacial cartilages, according to the differential features of each cartilage. Anat Rec 255:452–457, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.