MDQ治疗MAIDS机制研究

目的HIV(humanimmunodeficiencyvirus)感染成为一个世界性的难题,中医中药具有几千年与感染性疾病作斗争的经验。目前,在高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(highlyactiveantiretroviraltherapy,HAART)具有的局限性日渐清晰的形势下,从植物药中寻求可以治疗HIV感染以及改善预后的药物和有效成分成为现实的需要。本实验以Friend病毒感染的Balb/C小鼠为模型,以AZT(齐多夫定)作为阳性对照药物,探讨中药毛冬青提取成分对小鼠逆转录病毒感染的作用及其初步的机制。方法以FLV感染Balb/C小鼠,随机分为AZT组、模型组、MDQ大剂量组、MDQ中剂量组、MDQ小剂量组,给药三周后,摘眼球处死小鼠,血抗凝处理,以流式细胞仪检测CD4T、CD8T计数,并计算比值;称取鼠重、脾重,计算脾指数;鼠脾以10%甲醛固定后,HE染色,切片观察。结果AZT组和MDQ大剂量组,脾指数明显小于模型组,其中AZT具有显著性差异,MDQ大剂量组有差异,CD4T/CD8T比值,AZT组与MDQ大剂量组与模型组有显著性差异,此结果与病理片观察一致。结论MDQ具有抗FLV所引起的小鼠脾大症和免疫缺陷...     

Integrated Chinese and western medicine for SLE: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:The efficacy and safety of integrated Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) have not been systematically evaluated.Methods:This systematic review and meta-analysis will be performed and reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We will search PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Database WangFang, VIP, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for potentially eligible studies from their inception to Dec. 2020, and we will select all the eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the integrated Chinese and western medicine for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. All the studies will be screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and meta-analysis will be conducted using Review Manager V.5.3. and Stata V.12.0. The primary endpoint was the clinical efficacy rate, the secondary outcomes were SLEDAI score, adverse reaction rate, and laboratory test parameters (white blood cells, complement C3).Results:The results of this study will systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the integrated Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.Conclusion:The efficacy and safety of integrated Chinese and western medicine will be systematically evaluated in this paper, thus providing evidence for the clinical application of this therapy.Ethics and dissemination:This study is a systematic review, which is based on the published studies, so examination and agreement by the ethics committee are not required in this study. We intend to publish the study results in a journal or conference presentations.Open Science Framework (OSF)registration number:https://osf.io/mabxh.     

论中药的双向调节作用

从中药成分、中药剂量、中药炮制、中药配伍、机体状态5个方面探讨中药的双向调节作用,为临床治疗中用药提供依据。     

Donepezil improves obstructive sleep apnea in Alzheimer disease: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study

BACKGROUND: There is an association between Alzheimer disease and sleep-disordered breathing. Donepezil is the drug most frequently used to treat cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer disease. This study evaluates the effects of donepezil on obstructive sleep apnea in patients with Alzheimer disease. METHODS: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. Twenty-three patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer disease and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > 5/h were allocated to two groups: donepezil treated (n = 11) and placebo treated (n = 12). Polysomnography and cognitive evaluation using Alzheimer disease assessment scale-cognitive (ADAS-cog) subscale were performed at baseline and after 3 months. Cognitive and sleep data were analyzed using analysis of variance. RESULTS: AHI and oxygen saturation improved significantly after donepezil treatment compared to baseline and placebo (p < 0.05). Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration increased after donepezil treatment (p < 0.05). ADAS-cog scores improved after donepezil treatment, although they did not correlate with REM sleep increase and sleep apnea improvement (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Donepezil treatment improved AHI and oxygen saturation in patients with Alzheimer disease. Treatment also increased REM sleep duration and reduced ADAS-cog scores. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00480870.     

STAT3,STAT5靶向肿瘤治疗研究进展

STAT3,STAT5的异常表达和活化,与肿瘤的发生、发展及恶性生物学行为关系密切。STAT3,STAT5靶向治疗是目前肿瘤治疗领域研究的热点之一,并显示出良好的治疗前景。现就该方向研究的最新进展作一综述。     

Prediction of the duration needed to achieve culture negativity in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis using convolutional neural networks and chest radiography

BackgroundWe aimed to predict the duration needed to achieve culture negativity in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and chest radiography.MethodsMedical records were searched for eligible patients with culture-confirmed active pulmonary tuberculosis. The eligible patients were randomly assigned to the training dataset group (N = 180) and the validation dataset group (N = 59). Posteroanterior X-ray radiographs in the standing position were obtained at diagnosis. The image data were augmented by a factor of 10 by randomly shifting and rotating the original image. Thus, 1800 images (112 × 112 pixels, 8-bit grayscale) from 180 patients in the training dataset group were used for training the CNN model. The model performance was evaluated on the validation dataset.ResultsThe values predicted by the CNN model were significantly associated with the actual values (Pearson's correlation coefficient 0.392, p = 0.002). The mean absolute error was 18.0. The visualization of the layer outputs suggested that the CNN model recognized some of the chest radiographic findings that were useful in predicting the duration needed to achieve culture negativity.ConclusionsThe CNN model was useful for predicting the duration needed to achieve culture negativity in active pulmonary tuberculosis, although the accuracy was unsatisfactory. This study suggests that chest radiography findings are as important as other clinical factors for prediction and could be learned by the machine.