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121.
Viswas Chhapola Sandeep Kumar Pallavi Goyal 《Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine》2014,18(1):14-20
Introduction:
Blood gas (BG) analysis is required for management of critically ill patients in emergency and intensive care units. BG parameters can be affected by the type of heparin formulations used-liquid heparin (LH) or dry balanced heparin (DBH). This study was conducted to determine whether blood gas, electrolyte, and metabolite estimations performed by using DBH and LH are comparable.Materials and Methods:
A prospective study was conducted at pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary care hospital. Paired venous samples were collected from 35 consecutive children in commercially prepared DBH syringes and custom-prepared LH syringes. Samples were immediately analyzed by blood gas analyzer and compared for pH, pCO2, pO2, HCO3−, Na+, K+, Cl-, and lactate. Paired comparisons were done and agreement was assessed by Bland-Altman difference plots. The 95% limits of absolute agreement (LOA) were compared with the specifications for total allowable error (TEa).Results:
The P values were significant for all measured parameters, with the exception of pCO2 and K +. Bland-Altman difference plots showed wide LOA for pCO2, pO2, HCO3−, Na+, K+, and Cl− when compared against TEa. For pCO2, HCO3−, Na+, K+, and Cl−, 40%, 23%, 77%, 34%, and 54% of samples were outside the TEa limits, respectively, with LH.Conclusion:
Our study showed that there is poor agreement between LH and DBH for the BG parameters pCO2, pO2, HCO3-, K+, Na+, and Cl− and, thus, are not comparable. But for pH and lactate, LH and DBH can be used interchangeably. 相似文献122.
Silvana G.P. Campos Bianca F. Gonçalves Wellerson R. Scarano Rejane M. Góes Sebastião R. Taboga 《Acta histochemica》2014
The gerbil is a rodent considered a good model for studies of prostatic morphophysiology under different experimental conditions. Studies involving castration and steroidal blockers of aged gerbils showed that the glandular epithelium persists after long-term therapy, preventing the organ atrophy. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic characteristics and behavior of prostatic epithelial cells that remained after different periods of hormone ablation in aged gerbils. The identification of elements that influenced the survival of this cell type was performed by morphometric, nuclear phenotypes, ultrastructural and immune histochemical analysis. The most significant responses to treatment, by analyzing morphometric features, were observed during the first three time points (day 1, day 3, and day 7), after which there appeared to be an adjustment of the gland to the hormone ablation. All treatments led to changes in the state of chromatin condensation, DNA methylation pattern and phenotypic changes indicated cell senescence. Additionally, an increase in the basal cells seemed to guarantee self-renewal properties to the epithelium. These data indicate that changes occur at many levels, including gene expression and nuclear architecture in the epithelial cells, when aging and steroidal blockade are associated. These aspects are important when considering castration-resistant prostate cancer, a malignant tumor posing difficult therapeutic intervention. 相似文献
123.
Badriya Al-Rahbi Rahimah Zakaria Zahiruddin Othman Asma Hassan Zul Izhar Mohd Ismail Sangu Muthuraju 《Acta histochemica》2014
Recently, our research team has reported that Tualang honey was able to improve immediate memory in postmenopausal women comparable with that of estrogen progestin therapy. Therefore the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of Tualang honey supplement on hippocampal morphology and memory performance in ovariectomized (OVX) rats exposed to social instability stress. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: (i) sham-operated controls, (ii) stressed sham-operated controls, (iii) OVX rats, (iv) stressed OVX rats, (v) stressed OVX rats treated with 17β-estradiol (E2), and (vi) stressed OVX rats treated with Tualang honey. These rats were subjected to social instability stress procedure followed by novel object recognition (NOR) test. Right brain hemispheres were subjected to Nissl staining. The number and arrangement of pyramidal neurons in regions of CA1, CA2, CA3 and the dentate gyrus (DG) were recorded. Two-way ANOVA analyses showed significant interactions between stress and OVX in both STM and LTM test as well as number of Nissl-positive cells in all hippocampal regions. Both E2 and Tualang honey treatments improved both short-term and long-term memory and enhanced the neuronal proliferation of hippocampal CA2, CA3 and DG regions compared to that of untreated stressed OVX rats. 相似文献
124.
目的通过分析医科达Precise医用电子直线加速器运动系统原理及相关故障,探讨维修方法,为直线加速器维修提供借鉴意义。方法深入分析医科达Precise加速器运动系统原理,总结仪器特定角度、反方向运动伴抖动现象报i70 Gantry联锁错误、机架不能旋转无联锁报错以及6 MV能量模式报i517 Sctr Limit联锁错误的4例故障,分析可能的故障原因,进行一一排查。结果通过更换电位器、模拟输出板板A08-A、16脚接线、限位开关SW16将出现的4例故障快速有效地解决。结论充分掌握加速器工作原理,根据故障现象,可通过理论分析和实际测量快速排除故障,有效保证设备开机率和良好的运行状态。 相似文献
125.
学评教即学生对教师的课堂教学效果进行评价。对高等医学院校而言,学评教的范围包括校本部、临床医学院及教学医院,涵盖范围广,涉及人员多,从而使得学评教结果受到各种因素的影响而造成误差。文章在高等医学院校的视角下,以首都医科大学为例,就学评教过程中产生误差的原因进行分析,并针对误差原因进行对策探讨。 相似文献
126.
Anne C. Bay-Jensen Adam Platt Inger Byrjalsen Philippe Vergnoud Claus Christiansen Morten A. Karsdal 《Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism》2014
Objective
We investigated the effects of tocilizumab (TCZ) on joint tissue remodeling in patients with moderate to severely active RA by measuring tissue-specific biomarker.Methods
The LITHE biomarker study (n = 740) was a phase III study of 4- and 8-mg/kg TCZ in combination with MTX. Early response was evaluated at week 16 as ±20% improvement in swollen/tender joint counts; and ACR50 was evaluated at week 52. Biomarkers (tissue inflammation: C3M, CRPM, and VICM; cartilage degradation: C2M; and bone turnover: CTx and osteocalcin) were tested in serum from baseline, week 4, 16, 24, and 52, and dose-dependent effect was investigated. Patients were divided into the following three groups: early non-responders (ENR), ACR50 responders, and non-responders; their biomarker profiles were compared.Results
At week 52, CRP was inhibited to 4% and 40% of baseline by TCZ8 and TCZ4, respectively. CRPM (63%), C2M (84%), C3M (69%), and VICM (42%) were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by TCZ8, but not by TCZ4. MMP3 and osteocalcin changed to <58% and >111%, respectively, in response to TCZ. CTx was not changed significantly. ENRs had significantly less inhibition of CRPM (p < 0.05), C2M (p < 0.01), and C3M (p < 0.01) compared to early responders. There was a significant difference in the C2M, C3M, and CRPM profiles of the ENRs, non-responders, and responders. ACR50 responders had significantly inhibited levels (p < 0.001), irrespective of dose.Conclusions
TCZ8 strongly inhibited the biomarkers of joint tissue remodeling suggesting that TCZ actively suppresses key pathobiological processes at the site of inflammation in RA patients. The differences in biomarkers' profiles of responders and non-responders indicate that specific responder profiles exist. 相似文献127.
128.
Introduction
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a major clinical concern with anticoagulation therapy. The effect of a new oral direct FXa inhibitor, edoxaban, was determined in a rat model of ICH and compared with a direct thrombin inhibitor, melagatran, and heparin.Methods
To induce ICH, 0.1 U collagenase type VII was injected into the striatum of male Wistar rats under anesthesia with thiopental or halothane. Immediately after ICH induction, edoxaban, melagatran, or heparin were infused intravenously. Five hours after ICH induction, the brain was removed and ICH size was measured. To estimate the margin of safety, antithrombotic effects were evaluated in a rat venous thrombosis model.Results
Edoxaban at 6 mg/kg/h significantly increased ICH volume (1.8-fold) and prolonged prothrombin time (PT) 2.8-fold compared to the vehicle group. No deaths were observed with edoxaban. Melagatran at 1 mg/kg/h increased ICH volume at 1 mg/kg/h (2.8-fold) with 6.1-fold PT prolongation. At 3 mg/kg/h, all rats died due to severe ICH (3.9-fold). Heparin at both 100 and 500 U/kg/h significantly increased ICH. At 500 U/kg/h, 5 out of 8 rats died. The doses required for 50% inhibition of thrombosis of edoxaban, melagatran, and heparin were 0.045 mg/kg/h, 0.14 mg/kg/h, and 55 U/kg/h, respectively. The safety margins between antithrombotic and ICH exacerbation effects of these anticoagulants were 133, 7.1, and 1.8, respectively.Conclusion
The safety margin of edoxaban was wider than that of melagatran or heparin. These results suggest that edoxaban may be preferable from the perspective of ICH exacerbation risk. 相似文献129.
Peter Brønnum Nielsen Søren Lundbye-Christensen Lars Hvilsted Rasmussen Torben Bjerregaard Larsen 《Thrombosis research》2014
Introduction
Warfarin is the most widely prescribed vitamin K antagonist and in the United States and Europe more than 10 million people are currently in long-term oral anticoagulant treatment. This study aims to retrospectively validate a dynamic statistical model providing dosage suggestions to patients in warfarin treatment.Materials and methods
The model was validated on a cohort of 553 patients with a mean TTR of 83%. Patients in the cohort were self-monitoring and managed by a highly specialised anticoagulation clinic. The predictive model essentially consists of three parts handling INR history, warfarin dosage and biological noise, which allows for prediction of future INR values and optimal warfarin dose to stay on INR target. Further, the model is based on parameters initially being set to population values and gradually individualised during monitoring of patients.Primary outcome
Time in therapeutic range was used as surrogate quality measure of the treatment, and model-suggested dosage of warfarin was used to assess the accuracy of the model performance.Results
The accuracy of the model predictions measured as median absolute error was 0.53 mg/day (interquartile range from 0.25 to 1.0). The model performance was evaluated by the difference between observed and predicted warfarin intake in the preceding week of an INR measurement. In more than 70% of the cases where INR measurements were outside the therapeutic range, the model suggested a more reasonable dose than the observed intake.Conclusion
Applying the proposed dosing algorithm can potentially further increase the time in INR target range beyond 83%. 相似文献130.
The longevity gene clk-1/coq7 encodes an enzyme that is essential for the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q (CoQ) in mitochondria and regulates the lifespan and behavioral timing in Caenorhabditis elegans and the chronological lifespan in fission yeast. However, whether the mammalian clk-1/coq7 ortholog (clk-1) regulates these phenotypes in mammals remains to be fully evaluated due to the embryonic lethality of clk-1-deficient (clk-1(-/-)) mice. To investigate whether clk-1 regulates biological functions, such as growth and heartbeat, through CoQ in mouse embryos, we cultivated the cells and hearts of clk-1(-/-) mouse embryos at embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5) for at least 10 days in the presence of fetal bovine serum. In embryonic cells, cardiomyocytes, and hearts, the growth and heart rates were significantly slowed in clk-1(-/-) compared with wild-type or heterozygous mouse tissues. Moreover, frequent apoptosis and a significant reduction in mitochondrial functions, including membrane potential and ATP production, were observed in the clk-1(-/-) cells and hearts. The slowed growth and heart rates and the reduced mitochondrial function of clk-1(-/-) embryonic cells and hearts in culture were almost completely rescued by the administration of exogenous CoQ(10). The results indicate that clk-1 regulates growth and heart rates through CoQ-mediated mitochondrial functions in mouse embryos. 相似文献