卡络磺钠联合雷贝拉唑治疗溃疡性上消化道出血的临床研究

目的 探讨卡络磺钠联合雷贝拉唑治疗溃疡性上消化道出血的临床疗效。方法 选取2018年1月—2021年12月在梧州市工人医院住院治疗的74例溃疡性上消化道出血患者,按照随机数字法将所有患者分为对照组和治疗组,每组各37例。对照组早晨口服雷贝拉唑钠肠溶胶囊,20 mg/次,1次/d。治疗组在对照组的基础上静滴滴注注射用卡络磺钠,60 mg加入0.9%氯化钠注射液250 mL中稀释,1次/d。两组均连续用药7 d。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组腹胀、腹痛、头晕、烧心症状缓解时间及治疗前后血清丙二醇（MDA）、抗利尿激素（ADH）、皮质醇（COR）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）、白细胞介素17（IL-17）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、C反应蛋白（CRP）水平的变化情况和不良反应。结果 治疗后,治疗组总有效率是97.29%,显著高于对照组的81.08%（P＜0.05）。经治疗,治疗组腹胀、腹痛、头晕、烧心症状缓解时间均显著短于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后,两组MDA、ADH、COR水平均较治疗前显著降低（P＜0.05）,且治疗后治疗组MDA、ADH、COR水平低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后,两组血清IL-6、IL-17、TNF-α、CRP水平均较治疗前显著降低（P＜0.05）,且治疗后,治疗组血清学指标水平低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗组患者不良反应发生率是8.11%,显著低于对照组患者的18.92%（P＜0.05）。结论 卡络磺钠联合雷贝拉唑治疗溃疡性上消化道出血可有效提高治疗效果,并能极大地缓解患者临床症状,改善机体氧化应激反应,降低炎性因子水平,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

A Study on the Effect of Ethanol Extract of Radix Rhapontici on Erythrocyte Immune Function in Rats

This paper mainly studied the effect of ethanol extract of Radix rhapontici on erythrocyte immune function in SD rats with acute blood stasis. The methods used the effect on erythrocyte immune function. After intragastric administration of suspension of ethanol extract of Radix rhapontici to SD rats for 3 weeks, on the 21st day from intragastric administration, SD rats were made into blood stasis model and bloods were collected to determine the C3b, C3bRR, RFIR, and RFER in erythrocyte immune function. Meanwhile, serum total antioxidant activity (TAA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level of rats were determined, and experimental results were analysed with analysis of variance and Q test. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Radix rhapontici had a very good effect on enhancement of erythrocyte immune function in SD rats.     

E6-AP association promotes SOD1 aggresomes degradation and suppresses toxicity

Protein aggregation and ordered fibrillar amyloid deposition inside and outside of the central nervous system cells is the common pathologic hallmark of most aging-related neurodegenerative disorders. Dominant mutations in the gene encoding superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) protein are linked to familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons, leading to muscle paralysis and death. The major histochemical hallmark in the remaining motor neurons of ALS is the intracellular accumulation of ubiquitinated inclusions consisting of insoluble aberrant protein aggregates. However, the molecular pathomechanisms underlying the process have been elusive. Here for the first time, we report that E6-AP, a homologous to E6-AP C terminus-type E3 ubiquitin ligase depleted in ALS mouse models before neurodegeneration. E6-AP coimmunoprecipitates with the SOD1 protein and is predominantly mislocalized in mutant SOD1-containing inclusion bodies. Overexpression of E6-AP increases the ubiquitination and facilitates degradation of SOD1 proteins. Finally, we show that the overexpression of E6-AP suppresses the aggregation and cell death mediated by mutated SOD1 proteins and cellular protective effect is more prominent when E6-AP is overexpressed along with Hsp70. These data suggest that enhancing the activity of E6-AP ubiquitin ligase might be a viable therapeutic strategy to eliminate mutant SOD1-mediated toxicity in ALS.     

Mass drug administration with azithromycin for trachoma elimination and the population structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the nasopharynx

ObjectiveMass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin for trachoma elimination reduces nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the short term. We evaluated S. pneumoniae carried in the nasopharynx before and after a round of azithromycin MDA to determine whether MDA was associated with changes in pneumococcal population structure and resistance.MethodsWe analysed 514 pneumococcal whole genomes randomly selected from nasopharyngeal samples collected in two Gambian villages that received three annual rounds of MDA for trachoma elimination. The 514 samples represented 293 participants, of which 75% were children aged 0–9 years, isolated during three cross-sectional surveys (CSSs) conducted before the third round of MDA (CSS-1) and at 1 (CSS-2) and 6 (CSS-3) months after MDA. Bayesian Analysis of Population Structure (BAPS) was used to cluster related isolates by capturing variation in the core genome. Serotype and multilocus sequence type were inferred from the genotype. Antimicrobial resistance determinants were identified from assemblies, including known macrolide resistance genes.ResultsTwenty-seven BAPS clusters were assigned. These consisted of 81 sequence types (STs). Two BAPS clusters not observed in CSS-1 (n = 109) or CSS-2 (n = 69), increased in frequency in CSS-3 (n = 126); BAPS20 (8.73%, p 0.016) and BAPS22 (7.14%, p 0.032) but were not associated with antimicrobial resistance. Macrolide resistance within BAPS17 increased after treatment (CSS-1 n = 0/6, CSS-2/3 n = 5/5, p 0.002) and was carried on a mobile transposable element that also conferred resistance to tetracycline.DiscussionLimited changes in pneumococcal population structure were observed after the third round of MDA, suggesting treatment had little effect on the circulating lineages. An increase in macrolide resistance within one BAPS highlights the need for antimicrobial resistance surveillance in treated villages.     

Effect of DASH diet on oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Background and aimsOxidative stress (OS) is one of the main risk factors for several chronic diseases. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) contain many antioxidants and may contribute to managing OS.ObjectiveTo perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the impacts of the DASH diet on OS parameters.MethodsA comprehensive electronic search in MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was performed through September 2020 to find related studies evaluating the impact of the DASH diet on OS parameters. Standardized mean differences were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.ResultsEight studies with a total of 317 subjects met our inclusion criteria. Four studies included in meta-analysis model with 200 participants (100 in treatment and 100 in control group). The DASH diet was associated with a statistically significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD: −0.53; 95% CI: −0.89, −0.16; I² = 42.1%), and a significant increase in glutathione (GSH) (SMD: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.36, 1.03; I² = 42.1%). Meta-analysis found no statistically significant effect of DASH diet on nitric oxide (NO) (SMD: −1.40; 95% CI: −0.12, 1.93; I² = 92.6%) or total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels (SMD: 0.95; 95% CI: −0.10, 1.99; I² = 87.6%).ConclusionOur results demonstrated that a DASH diet could significantly increase GSH and decrease MDA levels. Furthermore, there is a trend to improve TAC, NO, and f2-isoprostanes by the adherence to the DASH diet. However, long-term, large sample size and well-designed randomized clinical trials are still needed to draw concrete conclusions about DASH diet’s effects on OS parameters.     

Red cell antioxidant enzymes and prognostic indexes in patients with burns

Red cell superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) were measured in 66 burned patients (57 men, 9 women, age 16–78 years). BSAB varied from 15 to 93% and ABSI from 3 to 14 points. In the first week after injury the activity of SOD was significantly decreased as compared with the activity of the enzymes in the control group and was also below the reference values. Later the activity of SOD increased up to the normal range. The activity of CAT followed a similar pattern but the differences were not significant. No significant changes in red cell GPX were found during the monitored period. We did not find any significant association between the antioxidant enzyme activities and the markers of burns severity. On the other side there was a significant indirect association between the change of SOD activity (calculated as a difference between the first week values after the injury and the activities measured later) and BSAB.     

Investigating the human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected monocyte-derived macrophage secretome

Mononuclear phagocytes (bone marrow monocyte-derived macrophages, alveolar macrophages, perivascular macrophages, and microglia) are reservoirs and vehicles of dissemination for the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). How virus alters mononuclear phagocyte immunoregulatory activities to complete its life cycle and influence disease is incompletely understood. In attempts to better understanding the influence of virus on macrophage functions, we used one-dimensional electrophoresis, and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to analyze the secretome of HIV-1-infected human monocyte-derived macrophages. We identified 110 proteins in culture supernatants of control (uninfected) and virus-infected cells. Differentially expressed cytoskeletal, enzymes, redox, and immunoregulatory protein classes were discovered and validated by Western blot tests. These included, but were not limited to, cystatin C, cystatin B, chitinase 3-like 1 protein, cofilin-1, l-plastin, superoxide dismutase, leukotriene A(4) hydrolase, and alpha-enolase. This study, using a unique proteomics platform, provides novel insights into virus-host cell interactions that likely affect the functional role of macrophages in HIV disease.     

胆康胶囊联合头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠治疗慢性胆囊炎的临床研究

目的探讨胆康胶囊联合头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠治疗慢性胆囊炎患者的临床效果。方法选取2016年7月—2017年7月国药东风花果医院收治的慢性胆囊炎患者175例,随机分成对照组(87例)和治疗组(88例)。对照组患者静脉滴注注射用头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠,4.0 g加入5%葡萄糖注射液100 mL,2次/d。治疗组患者在对照组的基础上口服胆康胶囊,4粒/次,3次/d。两组患者均治疗2周。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者临床症状积分、VAS评分、SF-36评分、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、β-内啡肽(β-EP)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平及不良反应情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组临床有效率分别为82.76%和95.45%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者右腹部疼痛,腹胀,恶心、厌油等症状积分均显著下降(P0.05),且治疗组患者各项症状积分比对照组降低的更明显(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者VAS比治疗前均显著降低(P0.05),SF-36评分显著升高(P0.05),同时治疗组患者VAS和SF-36评分比对照组患者改善更明显(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者TNF-α和β-EP水平显著降低(P0.05),SOD血清水平显著升高(P0.05),同时治疗组患者TNF-α、β-EP和SOD血清水平明显优于对照组患者(P0.05)。治疗期间,对照组患者不良反应发生率为18.39%,显著高于治疗组的5.68%,两组患者比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论胆康胶囊联合头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠治疗慢性胆囊炎患者临床疗效显著,并可改善患者的临床症状,降低不良反应发生率。