The relationship between the levels of SigA,lactoferrin and alpha(1) proteinase inhibitor in saliva and permanent dentition caries in 15-year-olds

A group of 15-year-olds were clinically examined for general state of dentition and level of dental caries. Unstimulated whole saliva from the subjects was laboratory tested to determine the levels of lactoferrin, Secretory IgA (SIgA) and alpha1 proteinase inhibitor. A significant relationship was found between the decayed surface index and the levels of lactoferrin, SIgA and alpha1 proteinase inhibitor in the unstimulated saliva. The decayed surface index rose with increases in the levels of lactoferrin, SIgA and alpha1 proteinase inhibitor, the relationship with alpha1 proteinase inhibitor being strongest.     

Faecal SIgA secretion in infants fed on pre- or probiotic infant formula

Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) plays an important role in the defence of the gastrointestinal tract. The level of faecal SIgA antibody is associated with increased neutralization and clearance of viruses. Formula-fed infants who lack the transfer of protective maternal SIgA from breast milk may benefit from strategies to support maturation of humoral immunity and endogenous production of SIgA. We aimed at studying the effects of standard, prebiotic and probiotic infant formulas on the faecal SIgA levels. At birth, infants of whom the mother had decided not to breastfeed were allocated to one of three formula groups in a randomized, double-blind fashion. Nineteen infants received standard infant formula; 19 received prebiotic formula containing a specific mixture of 0.6 g galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS)/fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)/100 ml formula and 19 received probiotic formula containing 6.0 × 10⁹ cfu Bifidobacterium animalis /100 ml formula. Faecal samples were taken on postnatal day 5, day 10, wk 4 and every 4 wk thereafter until wk 32. SIgA in faeces was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. During the intervention, infants fed on prebiotic formula showed a trend towards higher faecal SIgA levels compared with the standard formula-fed infants reaching statistical significance at the age of 16 wk. In contrast, infants fed on the probiotic formula showed a highly variable faecal SIgA concentration with no statistically significant differences compared with the standard formula group. Formula-fed infants may benefit from infant formulas containing a prebiotic mixture of GOS and FOS because of the observed clear tendency to increase faecal SIgA secretion. Adding viable B. animalis strain Bb-12 to infant formula did not reveal any sign for such a trend.     

A rat model of saliva secretory immunoglobulin: a suppression caused by intense exercise

We aimed to develop a valid model of immunosuppression induced by intense exercise in rats. Rats were divided into three groups. In the rest (Rest) group, saliva was collected from resting rats on 4 consecutive days. In the exercise (Ex) group, rats ran on a treadmill until exhaustion (exercise time: 60.0 +/- 3.7 min), and their saliva was collected before and after exercise; the salivary glands were removed after exercise. In the control (Con) group, saliva collection and gland removal were also performed, but the rats did not exercise. Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) concentrations in saliva and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) mRNA expression in the glands were measured. There was no significant change in SIgA concentration in the Rest group over 4 days. In the Ex group, SIgA concentration decreased significantly after exercise compared with before, whereas there was no significant change in the Con group. The expression of pIgR mRNA was significantly lower in the Ex group post-exercise than in the Con group. Our procedure for saliva collection appeared suitable, and the exercise-induced SIgA suppression was probably caused by a decline in pIgR mRNA expression. We propose to use this reproducible and reliable rat model of exercise-induced SIgA suppression in future studies.     

应激中述情障碍对唾液SlgA及Cor的影响

目的：探讨应激过程中述情障碍对唾液分泌型免疫球蛋白A（SIgA）及皮质醇（Cor）的影响。方法：60例高中男生为研究对象,应用多伦多述情障碍量表（TAS）评分（高分组A与低分组B）,评定其心理状况;应用放免法测定应激前后唾液SIgA和Cor浓度的变化。所得数据用t检验和单因素相关分析进行评价。结果：（1）考试前1个月和考试当天,A组学生唾液SIgA浓度均低于B组（P均〈0．05）;2组学生考试当天SIgA值和考试前1个月类似（P均〉0．05）。（2）考试前1个月和考试当天,A组学生唾液Cor浓度均显著高于B组（P均〈0．05）;2组学生考试当天Cor浓度均高于考试前1个月（其中A组P〈0．01;B组P〈0．05）;（3）2组学生应激前后SIgA、Cor变化率差异显著（其中SIgA变化率P〈0．05;Cor变化率P〈0．01）;（4）TAS总分、因子Ⅰ、因子Ⅱ与考试前1个月SIgA值、Cor变化率均显著相关（P〈0．05）;因子Ⅲ和Cor变化率呈负相关（P〈0．05）;因子Ⅳ和各测量指标无显著相关（P〉0．05）。结论：应激和应激中述情障碍均可导致唾液SIgA及唾液Cor的改变。     

癃清片联合诺氟沙星治疗慢性前列腺炎的临床研究

目的探讨癃清片联合诺氟沙星治疗慢性前列腺炎的临床效果与安全性。方法选取2016年9月—2018年9月于重庆市第十三人民医院诊治的慢性前列腺炎患者165例,随机分成对照组(82例)和治疗组(83例)。对照组口服诺氟沙星胶囊,4粒/次,2次/d;治疗组患者在对照组基础上口服癃清片,6片/次,2次/d。两组患者均连续治疗28d。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者症状积分、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)和血管细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)水平及不良反应情况。结果治疗后,对照组临床有效率为87.80%,显著低于治疗组的97.59%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组慢性前列腺炎症状积分均显著降低(P0.05),且治疗组这些症状积分明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者前列腺液中IL-10、SIg A以及VCAM-1水平均显著降低(P0.05),且治疗组IL-10、SIg A以及VCAM-1水平明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗期间,对照组患者不良反应发生率为10.98%,显著高于治疗组的2.41%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论癃清片联合诺氟沙星治疗慢性前列腺炎疗效显著,安全可靠,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

唾液SIgA、溶菌酶含量与慢性支气管炎关系的探讨

目的：探讨了慢性支气管炎患者唾液SIgA和溶菌酶含量的变化及临床意义。方法：应用放射免疫分析检测38例慢性支气管炎患者唾液SIgA含量,免疫扩散法测定溶菌酶含量,并与35名正常人作比较。结果：慢性支气管炎患者唾液SIgA和溶菌酶含量非常显著地高于正常人组（P〈0．01）,经2周治疗后仍有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论：检测慢性支气管炎患者唾液SIgA和溶菌酶含量的变化对临床观察预后有重要的临床价值。     

慢性细菌性前列腺炎局部免疫状况对预后的影响

为探讨前列腺局部免疫状况与病情及疗效的关系,将已确诊的慢性细菌性前列腺炎患者58例,根据病情不同分为A、B两组（分别为36例、22例）,健康人20例为C组,采用放射免疫（双抗体—聚乙二醇）法,检测SIgA。结果：A组的SIgA（261.26±46．48μg／ml）高于C组（107.95±28．41μg／ml,P＜0.01）;B组SIgA（43.01±12.87μg／ml）低于C组（P＜0.01）,提示前列腺液SIgA的含量可反应前列腺局部的免疫状况;A组患者的疗效（91.8％）高于B组（50.0％）;提示慢性细菌性前列腺炎的疗效与前列腺局部免疫状况有关。     

不同中药赋形剂敷脐对湿热泻大鼠SIgA、IL-10的影响

目的:观察不同中药赋形剂敷脐对湿热泻大鼠的作用,探讨分泌性免疫球蛋白A(secretory immunoglobulin A,SIgA)在肠道黏膜及血清中白介素-10(interleukin-10,IL-10)的水平表达变化情况。方法:所有Wistar大鼠首先给予适应性常规饲养3 d,随机分为空白对照组、模型组、醋调贴脐组、蜂蜜调贴脐组、凡士林调贴脐组,每组各20只。采用ETEC菌苗制备模型后,醋调贴脐组、蜂蜜调贴脐组、凡士林调贴脐组给予不同赋形剂调配的中药贴剂,贴敷于神阙穴,分别于1 d和连续3 d后,进行肠道组织的免疫组化染色,通过图像分析法检测SIgA在肠道黏膜的变化情况,并分析比较;放射免疫平衡法测定应用中药敷脐1 d和连续3 d后的血清IL-10的水平。结果:SIgA在肠道黏膜改变情况的图像分析中积分光密度与模型组比较,中药敷脐1 d和连续3 d后显示醋调贴脐组、蜂蜜调贴脐组、凡士林调贴脐组均增多,且醋调贴脐组高于蜂蜜调贴脐组和凡士林调贴脐组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);放射免疫平衡法实验发现与模型组比较,中药敷脐1 d和连续3 d后的血清IL-10醋调贴脐组、蜂蜜调贴脐组、凡士林调贴脐组均增多,尤其是醋调贴脐组均高于蜂蜜调贴脐组和凡士林调贴脐组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:不同赋形剂制备中药贴剂对湿热泻大鼠治疗中,醋调贴脐中药能更好的促进肠道炎症的修复,且随贴敷次数与时间的增加,对大鼠模型的免疫影响递增。     

Oral administration of an anti-CfaE secretory IgA antibody protects against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrheal disease in a nonhuman primate model

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a leading cause of diarrhea-associated illness in developing countries. There is currently no vaccine licensed to prevent ETEC and the development of an efficacious prophylaxis would provide an intervention with significant impact. Recent studies suggested that effective protection could be achieved by inducing immunity to block colonization of ETEC. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of secretory (s) IgA2 and dimeric (d) IgA2 of an anti-colonization factor antigen antibody, 68-61, in the Aotus nancymaae nonhuman primate (NHP) ETEC challenge model via oral and parental delivery. Thirty-nine animals were distributed across 3 groups of 13, and challenged with 5.0x10¹¹ colony forming unit (CFU) of H10407 on Day 0. Group 1 received a dIgA2 68-61 subcutaneously on day 0. Group 2 received a SIgA2 68-61 orally on days −1, 0, and +1, and Group 3 received an irrelevant SIgA2 antibody orally on days −1, 0, and +1. All animals were observed for symptoms of diarrhea, and stools were collected for ETEC colony counts. Anti-CfaE SIgA2 treatment significantly lowered the attack rate, resulting in a protective efficacy of 74.1% (p = 0.025) in Group 2 as compared to Group 3. The anti-CfaE dIgA2 treatment group had reduced diarrheal attack rate, although the reduction did not reach significance (57.1%; p = 0.072) as compared to the irrelevant SIgA2 Group 3. Our results demonstrated the feasibility of oral administration of SIgA as a potential immunoprophylaxis against enteric infections. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the efficacy of administrated SIgA in a nonhuman primate model.     

加味玉屏风散与流感疫苗预防流感的黏膜免疫效应与机制研究

目的：研究维生素C（Vit C）玉屏风散合剂和流感疫苗预防流感的免疫效应和机制,探索中西医结合预防流行性感冒的优化方案。方法选取BALB/c小鼠36只,随机分为对照组、Vit C玉屏风散组和流感疫苗组,分别给予Vit C玉屏风散合剂连续灌胃14 d,流感病毒亚单位疫苗肌肉注射免疫小鼠,而对照组不做任何处理,模仿人体生理状态;上述动物连续喂养14 d后取血清、支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）和肠灌洗液;ELISA法检测肺肠灌洗液中SIgA和IgG的含量,以及外周血Th1细胞因子（IL-2、IFN-γ和TNF-α）和Th2细胞因子（IL-4、IL-6和TGF-β）含量。结果 VitC玉屏风散上调支气管肺泡灌洗液SIgA和IgG水平（SIgA：t =1.68,P ＞0.05;IgG：t =-0.85,P ＞0.05）,对血液Th1和Th2细胞因子水平无显著影响（t 分别为0.51、0.58、1.55、1.51、0.72和1.21;P均＞0.05）,细胞因子呈Th1优势反应（Th1/Th2=1.19）;流感疫苗上调血液中和IgG抗体水平（Z =0.20,P ＞0.05）,上调血液IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-6和TGF-β水平（t 分别为1.78、0.95、2.05和0.71;P均＞0.05）可显著提高血液IL-2和IL-4水平（t分别为2.53和2.29;P均＜0.05）,且Th1漂移更加明显（Th1/Th2=1.35）。结论 VitC玉屏风散可直接激活黏膜免疫防御机制,促进呼吸道保护性抗体SIgA和IgG的形成,抵御病毒入侵;流感疫苗主要激活系统免疫,上调系统免疫水平,对入侵体内的流感病毒发挥细胞免疫和体液免疫作用。二者可以优势互补,通过不同的机制在防治流行性感冒的不同阶段发挥作用。