阴道SIgA检测与阴道炎感染病原体类型的相关性及临床意义

目的 探讨体液免疫应答与阴道炎感染病原体类型的关系及临床意义。方法 198例已婚妇女取阴道分泌物(SIgA)采用双抗体-PEG法测定,同时用涂片及细菌培养检测病原菌。结果 滴虫阳性、细菌性阴道病及混合感染患者阴道分泌物SIgA明显高于病原体检测阴性及念珠菌阳性(P<0.01),但3者间无差异;念珠菌阳性患者阴道分泌物SIgA明显低于病原体检测阴性者(P<0.01);与滴虫阳性、细菌性阴道病及混合感染患者之间有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论 SIgA对阴道黏膜具有重要的保护作用,可作为鉴别念珠菌性阴道炎的辅助诊断方法。     

良性前列腺增生合并慢性前列腺炎组织中SIgA、α1-AR的表达与意义

目的:了解良性前列腺增生(BPH)合并慢性前列腺炎(CP)组织中SIgA、α1-AR的表达及意义。方法:将62例行经尿道前列腺等离子电切组织标本,根据术前前列腺按摩液(EPS)常规、经直肠前列腺B超、血清前列腺特异抗原(PSA)、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、临床症状以及有无慢性骨盆疼痛综合征以及术后组织病理检查结果分为单纯BPH、BPH合并慢性前列腺炎两组。采用免疫组化、RT-PCR等实验方法研究两组前列腺组织中SIgA、α1-AR的表达。结果:62例患者中30例为BPH合并慢性前列腺炎,32例为单纯BPH,通过对患者一般资料对比和对实验结果进行统计学分析,合并慢性前列腺炎的BPH患者SIgA、α1-AR表达显著高于单纯BPH患者(0.380 8±0.144 3 vs 0.295 4±0.008 4;0.440 5±0.104 1 vs 0.383 2±0.013 6),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:SIgA、α1-AR在BPH合并慢性前列腺炎患者中的表达上调,提示慢性前列腺炎与BPH可能有一定的内在联系,炎症反应可能是BPH的一个致病因素,与BPH的病理发展过程有关。     

大建中汤对粘连性肠梗阻大鼠肠黏膜免疫系统中CD4＋、CD8＋及SIgA表达的影响

目的：观察大建中汤对粘连性肠梗阻大鼠肠黏膜免疫系统中CD4＋、CD8＋T淋巴细胞及SIgA表达的影响。方法：复制粘连性肠梗阻大鼠模型,将140只SD大鼠随机分7组,即正常组、模型组、假手术组、理中组、建大组、建中组、建小组,分别予生理盐水、附子理中丸、大建中汤灌胃治疗。于造模术后7、14 d各取一半大鼠取回肠组织,运用免疫组织化学染色法标记小肠黏膜中CD4＋、CD8＋T淋巴细胞及SIgA数量,用图像分析仪统计其含量。结果：与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肠黏膜免疫系统中SIgA及CD4＋、CD8＋T淋巴细胞数量明显减少,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;建大组较模型组上述各指标均有升高（P〈0.05）,其中CD4＋、CD8＋T淋巴细胞数量显著升高（P〈0.01）;各给药组治疗7 d与14 d后无明显差异。结论：大建中汤可增强粘连性肠梗阻大鼠肠黏膜免疫功能,发挥肠黏膜的保护作用。     

The mucosal immune system for vaccine development

Mucosal surfaces are continuously exposed to the external environment and therefore represent the largest lymphoid organ of the body. In the mucosal immune system, gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALTs), including Peyer's patches and isolated lymphoid follicles, play an important role in the induction of antigen-specific immune responses in the gut. GALTs have unique organogenesis characteristics and interact with the network of dendritic cells and T cells for the simultaneous induction and regulation of IgA responses and oral tolerance. In these lymphoid tissues, antigens are up taken by M cells in the epithelial layer, and antigen-specific immune responses are subsequently initiated by GALT cells. Nasopharynx- and tear-duct-associated lymphoid tissues (NALTs and TALTs) are key organized lymphoid structures in the respiratory tract and ocular cavities, respectively, and have been shown to interact with each other. Mucosal surfaces are also characterized by host-microbe interactions that affect the genesis and maturation of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues and the induction and regulation of innate and acquired mucosal immune responses. Because most harmful pathogens enter the body through mucosal surfaces by ingestion, inhalation, or sexual contact, the mucosa is a candidate site for vaccination. Mucosal vaccination has some physiological and practical advantages, such as decreased costs and reduced risk of needle-stick injuries and transmission of bloodborne diseases, and it is painless. Recently, the application of modern bioengineering and biochemical engineering technologies, including gene transformation and manipulation systems, resulted in the development of systems to express vaccine antigens in transgenic plants and nanogels, which will usher in a new era of delivery systems for mucosal vaccine antigens. In this review, based on some of our research group's thirty seven years of progress and effort, we highlight the unique features of mucosal immune systems and the application of mucosal immunity to the development of a new generation of vaccines.     

Effects of low-intensity physical exercise on acute changes in resting saliva secretory IgA levels in the elderly

Background:   Although it is well known that exercise affects various immune functions, it remains to be determined whether exercise influences change in the mucosal immunity of elderly people. The objective of the present study is to examine whether low-intensity short-term exercise alters acute and long-term mucosal immune function in community-dwelling elderly people.
Methods:   The subjects of the study were 16 community-dwelling elderly people, consisting of 11 men and five women aged 60–94 (mean ± SD, 76 ± 10 years), living in Sanbongi Town (Miyagi, Japan). The subjects periodically performed about 20 min of low-intensity physical exercise (approximately 3.1 METS) at a frequency of twice a month for 3 months. Saliva samples were collected before and after exercise during the exercise class (at the start, after 1 month and after 3 months). Saliva flow, secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) concentration, SIgA secretion rate and total protein were determined.
Results:   The main finding was that saliva flow and SIgA secretion rates were significantly ( P  < 0.05) higher after exercise. However, the baseline value of SIgA level hardly changed at each point for the duration of the exercise class.
Conclusions:   The results suggest that low-intensity short-term exercise enhances mucosal immune function transiently in elderly people.     

采用白桂木凝集素-HRP测定唾液SIgA方法的建立

目的 建立白桂木凝集素－ＨＰＲ夹心法检测唾液中分泌型ＩｇＡ（ＳＩｇＡ）。方法 制备ＡＨＬ－ＨＲＰ作为酶标凝集素，ＡＨＬ为包被物，确定最适包被浓度及ＡＨＬ－ＨＲＰ工作稀释度，夹心酶联检测ＳＩｇＡ，进行检出限、精密度、准确性等实验并制备标准曲线，初步测定７１例正常人唾液ＳＩｇＡ含量。结果 ＡＨＬ－ＨＲＰ夹心法检测ＳＩｇＡ标准曲线线性检测范围５～３３７ｍｇ／Ｌ。本法测定７１例健康人唾液ＳＩｇＡ含量为（５     

儿童唾液分泌型免疫球蛋白A、过氧化物酶和龋病关系的研究

目的 对儿童唾液分泌型免疫球蛋白A(secretory immunoglobulin A，SIgA)、过氧化物酶(Salivary peraxidase，Spx)浓度及二者相关关系和龋病关系进行研究。方法 随机选取4～5岁多龋儿童(dmft≥5)20名及无龋儿童20名，取非刺激性全唾液2ml，用NABA法测定SIgA浓度，Nb-SCN^-法测定Spx浓度，比较多龋组、无龋组儿童唾液SIgA、Spx浓度及二者的相关关系有无差别。结果 多龋组儿童唾液SIgA浓度显著低于无龋组；两组儿童唾液Spx浓度无显著性差异；无龋组儿童唾液SIgA、Spx浓度呈显著正相关，相关系数r值为0.72。多龋组儿童唾液SIgA、Spx无显著相关。结论 NABA法是测定唾液SIgA浓度的快速准确的先进方法；SIgA对儿童龋病发生有预防作用；无龋组儿童唾液内存在抗菌蛋白的协同关系。     

乳果糖对肠道菌群及SIgA含量的影响

目的 分析31名血液病患儿服用乳果糖前后肠道菌群及SIgA含量。方法 用培养方法检测肠道菌群，用单向琼脂免疫扩散法测定粪便中SIgA。结果 服用乳果糖后，血液病患儿肠道内双歧杆菌数量增加，分泌SIgA水平上升。结论 乳果糖刺激机体肠道内双杆菌生长以及免疫系统分泌SIgA，增加肠道局部免疫力。     

粘膜免疫与“肾虚膀胱热”理论相关性探讨

“肾虚膀胱热”是中医脏腑相关理论的重要组成部分,是祖国医学对淋证病因病机的主要概括。现代免疫学认为,粘膜免疫系统由粘膜局部的粘膜相关淋巴组织及免疫细胞共同组成,主要针对经粘膜表面进入的微生物产生应答,抵抗微生物对机体的侵袭。粘膜免疫在尿路感染的发生中发挥着重要作用。本文以“SIgA”和“归巢机制”为基点,探讨粘膜免疫与“肾虚膀胱热”理论相关性,以期更好地挖掘中医“肾虚膀胱热”理论的内涵。