The World Report on Disability as a blueprint for international,national, and local aphasia services

Abstract

This commentary aims to extend the debate of the lead article authors () by translating the nine recommendations of the World Report on Disability into a plan of action for the aphasia community. Solutions for the advancement of aphasia science and services are presented at international (macro), national (meso), and local (micro) levels. Implications for speech-language pathologists and aphasia service delivery are discussed. An overarching call to action is the need for speech-language pathologists to support a strong and vibrant aphasia community at all levels, so that the voices of people with aphasia can be heard.     

鄂尔多斯市1997～2002年法定传染病疫情报告质量分析

目的：了解鄂尔多斯市1997～2002年法定传染病疫情报告质量。方法：依据《全国法定传染病医院报告管理检查和居民回顾性调查方案》进行检查。结果：1997～2002年漏报率分别为26．52％、3．44％、8．29％、18．98％、3．09％和5．81％，6年间平均漏报率为9．07％。漏报率较高的病种为百日咳、猩红热、麻疹、淋病、痢疾。乡级、旗区级、市级医疗机构的漏报率逐级下降。各级医疗机构疫情报告管理制度正在逐步完善，但基层仍存在薄弱环节。结论：加大传染病执法检查力度，加强业务督导工作，可有效提高传染病报告质量。基层医疗机构的传染病报告管理工作应作为重点来抓。     

2002年河北省大骨节病监测报告

目的 掌握河北省大骨节病动态变化，为今后的防治提供依据。方法 按照国家大骨节病监测方案进行。结果 ①临床检查：35号院村共检查7—14岁学生112名，检出有早期改变3人，检出率为2．68％。丰富沟村共检查学生127人，检出有早期改变2人，检出率为1．57％。两村均未检出I度及I度以上病人。②X线检查：35号院村有效X光片为109张，其中1名11岁男孩的右手无名指干骺端X线检查阳性，阳性率为0．79％。丰富沟村有效X光片121张，均未发现阳性征象。结论 两个村的大骨节病病情处于稳定控制状态。     

Psychosocial health and life-events – dynamical development in the short term. A follow-up study of children at four and six years of age

In this paper, (1) the psychosocial health in relation to (2) life-events was assessed among 156 children attending 20 schools by parents and teachers with the Child Behavior Checklist and the Caregiver-Teacher Report Form at the ages of four and six. Life-events were reported by parents. (1) According to the report, 93–96% children had no psychosocial problems. Parents and teachers report significant improvement of externalising (behavioural) problems and total problems in children with psychosocial problems at point of time 1. Teachers also report improvement of internalising (emotional) problems. Parents and teachers agree in 8–25% of the cases. (2) Of the children 46% experienced life events, no correlation was found with changes in psychosocial health. Findings may be explained by regular school attendance, resilience of the children and variability in the normative development. Remarkable dynamic is observed in change of psychosocial problems. Psychosocial development in early childhood is rather liable to change and life-events do not strongly influence psychosocial health.     

2011年深圳市公共卫生服务质量整体评估分析

目的 客观评估深圳市公共卫生服务工作的开展情况和实施效果,进一步推进基本公共卫生服务均等化.方法 由市卫生行政部门制定评估标准和评估办法,各市级专业机构遴选专家,对全市8个区(新区)的公共卫生服务质量进行机构评估和区域评估;区域公共卫生服务质量评估为辖区各专业公共卫生机构、医疗机构、社区健康服务中心落实公共卫生服务情况的综合评价.公共卫生服务质量满意度评估由第三方机构完成.结果 本次评估结果显示2011年深圳市公共卫生服务质量整体指标完成度为93.2％,精神卫生机构、职业病防治机构和健康教育机构的完成度提升幅度较大,疾病预防控制、慢性病防治机构和辖区医疗机构的完成度有所降低;各个区域指标完成度均有不同程度提高.全市公共卫生服务能力整体上有所提升,但区域之间及其各个机构之间的公共卫生服务能力仍存在不平衡现象.结论 要在落实公共卫生体制改革各项具体工作任务基础上,进一步完善公共卫生服务体系,继续推进公共卫生服务均等化.     

Factors associated with the decision of a French hospital to report child abuse to judicial rather than administrative authorities

ObjectivesTwo independent sectors manage the child protection system in France: judicial and administrative protection. The choice between judicial or administrative reporting depends on the seriousness of the case. The goal of this study was to determine the characteristics associated with the decision in a French pediatric hospital to report child abuse to judicial instead of administrative authorities.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted. Participants were all the children (n = 83) who were admitted from 2017 to 2018 to the emergency department (ED) and the general ward of a pediatric university hospital in France, and were reported for suspicion of child abuse by the professional teams. The children who were suspected victims of sexual abuse were excluded. Multivariate logistic regressions were used.ResultsA total of 47 children were reported to judicial authorities, and 36 to administrative authorities. Their median age was 7 years. Suspicion of physical abuse (odds ratio [OR]: 21.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.5–99.1), cases reported by the pediatric ward team (OR: 9.1; 95% CI: 1.9–43.6), adult person different from parents who accompanied the child to the ED (OR: 5.8; 95% CI: 1.2–28.6), and perception of parental behavior as inappropriate and non-cooperative (OR: 6.6; 95% CI: 1.4–29.6) were associated with a higher risk of the case being reported to judicial authorities. Data were often unavailable for parental health issues, history of child abuse, and intimate partner violence.ConclusionSome factors associated with the choice of report type were most likely quite subjective. Better documentation and standardization are needed.     

第四届慢性乙型肝炎抗病毒治疗难点和热点学术会议纪要

由中华医学会肝病学分会病毒性肝炎学组及中华肝脏病杂志编辑委员会主办,中南大学湘雅医院、重庆医科大学病毒性肝炎研究所和重庆医科大学附属第二医院协办的第四届慢性乙型肝炎抗病毒治疗难点和热点学术会议于2012年11月16-18日在湖南浏阳召开.庄辉院士,中华医学会肝病学分会前任主任委员贾继东教授,主任委员魏来教授,候任主任委员段钟平教授,副主任委员任红教授、徐小元教授、陆伦根教授、窦晓光教授,中华医学会感染病学分会候任主任委员侯金林教授,以及来自全国各地的435名代表参加了会议.会议邀请贾继东、魏来、侯金林、徐小元、万谟彬、黄祖瑚、窦晓光、张欣欣、陆伦根9位教授分别从不同角度对慢性乙型肝炎治疗中的难点和热点作了专题报告,并与参会代表进行了热烈的讨论.     

论药品不良反应报告的分析与评价

概述了药品不良反应报告分析与评价工作的重要性，介绍了个例评价和集中评价的基本方法，并对有关影响因素进行了讨论。