Circulating coxsackievirus A16 identified as recombinant type A human enterovirus, China

To determine the relationship of coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) to prototype CA16-G10, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis of circulating CA16 strains in China. Complex recombinant forms of CA16-related viruses involving multiple human enteroviruses, subgroup A (CA4, CA16, and enterovirus 71), are prevalent among patients with hand, foot, and mouth disease.     

我国0～6岁儿童血清维生素A水平调查

【目的】　调查我国 0～ 6岁儿童的维生素A(VA)营养状况。　【方法】　以分层抽样法将全国划分为沿海、内地和边远三层 ,抽取 1 4个省、市、自治区的 8669名儿童进行问卷和血清VA含量测定。以FoxBase建立数据库 ,以Epinfo软件统计分析 ,计量资料用F、t检验和多元回归处理。　【结果】　儿童血清VA均值为(1 .0 6± 0 .33) μmol/L ,亚临床维生素A缺乏 (SVAD)患病率为 1 1 .7%。儿童血清VA水平随着年龄的增长 ,富含VA食物摄入频率的增加 ,所在地区呼吸道、发热、腹泻发病率的降低 ,家庭年人均收入和所在地区年人均国民生产总值 (GNP)的升高 ,母亲受教育程度的升高而逐渐升高(P均 <0 .0 0 0 )。儿童血清VA水平 ,取血前 2周内曾患呼吸道感染、发热、腹泻者明显低于未曾患病者。母亲是少数民族者明显低于母亲是汉族者 (P均 <0 .0 0 0 )。多元回归结果表明 :年龄小 ,未食用乳、蛋、鱼虾、肝炎、鱼肝油 ,曾患呼吸道感染、腹泻 ,所在地区及家庭经济状况差 ,母亲文化程度低 ,母亲为少数民族是其血清VA水平低下的危险因素。　【结论】　我国儿童血清VA含量尚处于较低水平     

皇岗口岸入境旅客对健康申报制度认知程度的调查

〔目的〕了解皇岗口岸入境旅客对健康申报制度在防控甲型H1N1流感中的认知程度,为提高口岸甲型H1N1流感的检出率提供依据。〔方法〕分析皇岗口岸2009年5—12月随机对入境旅客进行的1000份有效问卷调查,根据性别、年龄、地域3种分类方法,统计分析不同人群对健康申报制度的认知差异。〔结果〕问卷调查显示,未成年组对预防甲型H1N1流感的认知和依从性上均不如青年组和中老年组(P0.05);在个人防护方面中老年组的认知和依从性均较青年组高(P0.05);与大陆内地居民相比,港澳台居民及外国居民能更及时有效的自我预防甲型H1N1流感(P0.05)。〔结论〕甲型H1N1流感防控中应重点对青壮年男性、未成年人及出境旅游3类入境人员加强宣传和预防工作。     

2008年湖州市肠道病毒71型和COXA16型的监测分析

目的:了解湖州市肠道病毒的感染情况,为制定预防和控制肠道病毒感染提供依据。方法:采用荧光定量RT-PCR和RT-PCR方法,对湖州市101例疑似肠道病毒感染者的疱疹液、咽拭子及粪便标本进行肠道病毒通用核酸、肠道病毒71型和柯萨奇病毒A16的核酸检测。结果:肠道病毒通用核酸阳性87例,阳性率为86.14%(87/101)。其中EV71阳性20例,阳性率为19.80%(20/101);Cox A16阳性1例,阳性率为0.99%(1/101),二者均阴性14例。男女发病率分别为18.46%(12/65)和25.0%(9/36)。疱疹液中EV71检出率24.32%(9/37),Cox A l6检出率2.70%(1/37);咽拭子中EV71检出率18.96%(11/58),Cox A l6未检出;粪便标本中EV71和Cox A l6均未检出。结论:EV71是引起湖州市儿童手足口病的主要病原体,Ev71和Cox A16的发病率无性别差异,疱疹液、咽拭子标本中EV71及Cox A16的检出率明显高于粪便标本,要加强对Ev71和Cox A16的鉴别诊断,有利于提出更好的预防和控制措施。     

厌食儿童维生素A营养状况的研究

本文采用血清维生素A(V_A)水平,暗适应时间、膳食调查3项指标对30例厌食儿童V_A营养状况进行综合评价.结果表明:厌食儿童血清V_A水平明显低于对照组;暗适应时间明显长于对照组;66.7％的患儿膳食VA摄入不足.其中2项指标均异常者20例,占66.7％,3项指标均异常者6例,占20％.提示厌食儿童中有相当比例存在亚临床型V_A缺乏,值得临床医生注意     

PBMCs中NS5ATP9、IL-12p40、IRAK-1的mRNA水平联合检测对早期胃癌的诊断价值

目的 探讨外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)中非结构蛋白5A反式激活蛋白9(NS5ATP9)、白细胞介素-12p40(IL-12p40)、白细胞介素1受体相关激酶1(IRAK-1)的mRNA水平联合检测对早期胃癌的诊断价值.方法 将2017年11月至2019年11月该院收治的早期胃癌患者112例作为早期胃癌组,胃部良性疾病...     

急性肝炎、肝硬化和肝癌病人TM检测及其意义

目的 探讨急性肝炎、肝硬化和肝癌病人血浆血栓调节蛋白（TM）水平及其在疾病病情进展及预后判断中的意义。方法 采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法,检测59例急性肝炎和肝硬化病人（其中急性甲型肝炎20例,急性重症肝炎14例,肝硬化代偿15例,肝硬化失代偿10例）、28例肝癌病人治疗前和治疗后血浆TM水平,并与12例健康者进行对照。结果 急性重症肝炎、肝硬化代偿、肝硬化失代偿组血浆TM水平皆较正常对照组显著增高,急性重症肝炎组明显高于急性甲型肝炎组,肝硬化失代偿组显著高于代偿组（F=389.19,q=3.08～45.77,P〈0.001）;肝癌病人术前血浆TM水平明显升高,与正常对照组比较差异有显著性（F=55.64,q=6.959～17.544,P〈0.05）,Ⅰ、Ⅱ期病人术后10 d的血浆TM水平较术前明显降低,接近正常水平（t′=2.366,t=8.372,P〈0.01）。肝癌病人血浆TM水平随分期的增高而增高,差异均有显著性（F=55.64,q=4.099～17.544,P〈0.05）。结论 TM为血管内皮细胞损伤的标志物,可作为某些肝脏疾病病情进展及预后判断的重要指标。     

Suppression of Anti-Inflammatory Mediators in Metabolic Disease May Be Driven by Overwhelming Pro-Inflammatory Drivers

Obesity is a multifactorial disease and is associated with an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome and co-morbidities. Dysregulated expansion of the adipose tissue during obesity induces local tissue hypoxia, altered secretory profile of adipokines, cytokines and chemokines, altered profile of local tissue inflammatory cells leading to the development of low-grade chronic inflammation. Low grade chronic inflammation is considered to be the underlying mechanism that increases the risk of developing obesity associated comorbidities. The glucocorticoid induced protein annexin A1 and its N-terminal peptides are anti-inflammatory mediators involved in resolving inflammation. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of annexin A1 in obesity and associated inflammation. To achieve this aim, the current study analysed data from two feasibility studies in clinical populations: (1) bariatric surgery patients (Pre- and 3 months post-surgery) and (2) Lipodystrophy patients. Plasma annexin A1 levels were increased at 3-months post-surgery compared to pre-surgery (1.2 ± 0.1 ng/mL, n = 19 vs. 1.6 ± 0.1 ng/mL, n = 9, p = 0.009) and positively correlated with adiponectin (p = 0.009, r = 0.468, n = 25). Plasma annexin A1 levels were decreased in patients with lipodystrophy compared to BMI matched controls (0.2 ± 0.1 ng/mL, n = 9 vs. 0.97 ± 0.1 ng/mL, n = 30, p = 0.008), whereas CRP levels were significantly elevated (3.3 ± 1.0 µg/mL, n = 9 vs. 1.4 ± 0.3 µg/mL, n = 31, p = 0.0074). The roles of annexin A1 were explored using an in vitro cell based model (SGBS cells) mimicking the inflammatory status that is observed in obesity. Acute treatment with the annexin A1 N-terminal peptide, AC2-26 differentially regulated gene expression (including PPARA (2.8 ± 0.7-fold, p = 0.0303, n = 3), ADIPOQ (2.0 ± 0.3-fold, p = 0.0073, n = 3), LEP (0.6 ± 0.2-fold, p = 0.0400, n = 3), NAMPT (0.4 ± 0.1-fold, p = 0.0039, n = 3) and RETN (0.1 ± 0.03-fold, p < 0.0001, n = 3) in mature obesogenic adipocytes indicating that annexin A1 may play a protective role in obesity and inflammation. However, this effect may be overshadowed by the continued increase in systemic inflammation associated with rapid tissue expansion in obesity.     

浅析新版GSP对医药流通企业的压力和挑战

药监局近日发布的新版《药品经营质量管理规范》简称GSP于2012年11月6日经卫生部部务会审议通过,将于2013年6月1日起正式实施。新版GSP与2000年发布的旧版GSP相比,在药品经营企业质量管理、信息化管理、文件管理体系等方面都有了全面的提升,药品流通企业面临着前所未有的压力与挑战。本文将结合新版GSP等新政的相关要求和内容针对医药流通企业的特点从企业的信息化管理、冷链设施管理和人员要求等软、硬件方面及如何应对挑战进行简要的探讨。     

耐药调节剂对急性髓系白血病细胞株CYP3A5基因转录及蛋白表达影响

目的:探讨耐药调节剂对急性髓系白血病细胞株(急髓细胞株)细胞色素P450 3A亚家族多肽5(CYP3A5)转录及蛋白表达的影响及其与白血病耐药的关系。方法:采用RT-PCR和Western印迹法检测药物代谢酶CYP3A5转录和蛋白表达水平。结果:K562、U937细胞经环孢素作用24h后CYP3A5转录增强,维拉帕米则出现微弱的转录,作用48h后两者转录均减弱,与未加药细胞组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);K562细胞经环孢素、维拉帕米作用24～48h后,蛋白表达均增加,与未加药细胞组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);U937细胞蛋白表达与基因转录基本一致。结论:耐药调节剂可诱导急髓细胞株CYP3A5基因的转录和蛋白的表达。