《四库全书·医家类》各代医籍分布情况及其成因

《四库全书·医家类》收入医书97种,但各代医籍数量差距很大。如宋代医学典籍著录最多,达到了24种之多,而医籍总量更多的明代才著录了23种,这说明各代医籍的分布情况并不是个简单的数字问题,而是隐藏着馆臣的学术观点及政治考量,值得进一步深入研究。     

晚期产后出血48例临床分析

目的探讨晚期产后出血的病因及防治措施。方法回顾性分析48例晚期产后出血的病因及处理。结果主要病因依次为胎盘、胎膜残留、蜕膜残留和（或）子宫内膜炎,子宫复旧全以及剖宫产术的子宫切口愈合不良等。结论治疗以清官为主,加宫缩剂止血剂,积极抗炎,对反复出血或急性大出血可行子宫切除术。     

王焘生卒考

唐代医家王焘的生卒年，文献失载，学者观点不同。王焘开元九年（721）任华原县尉、天宝十四年（756）十二月参与河问举义是可以确定的。756年之后，再未见有关王焘的记载。根据唐代的官吏制度“70致仕”，可以断定756年时，王焘不超过70岁，再考虑721年王焘任华原县尉的年龄，基本可以推断王焘生于武则天垂拱三年（687）至武周长寿二年（693），卒年应是756年之后，具体不可考。     

内障清丸治疗初、中期老年性白内障的临床研究

目的：观察中药制剂内障清丸治疗老年性初、中期白内障的临床疗效及安全性的研究。方法：设立内障清丸组，治疗老年性白内障初、中期患者110例(214只眼)；另设对照组50例(96只眼)使用西药VitC、VitE口服，白内停眼药水滴眼。经3个月治疗统计疗效进行评价。结果：内障清丸组214只眼，显效64只眼(29．91％)。有效121只眼(56．54％)，总有效率86．45％，疗效优于对照组。认为内障清丸能使老年性白内障初、中期患者视力提高，其晶状体混浊程度维持不发展。     

Traditional Chinese medicine "Qing Yi Tang" alleviates oxygen free radical injury in acute necrotizing pancreatitis

AIM To observe the changes in oxygen free radical (OFR) and the curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine "Qing Yi Tang" in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP).METHODS After induction of ANP by injection of sodium taurocholate into pancreatic duct, 16 dogs were randomly divided into control group and Chinese medicine group. Serum amylase, SOD and MDA were determined on postoperative day 1, 2, 4 and 7. The animals were sacrificed on day 7. SOD and MDA in organs were determined, and pathological changes in pancreas were observed.RESULTS As compared with control group, the serum level of amylase (734U/L vs 2783U/L) and MDA (7.8nmol/ml vs 14.8nmol/ml) in Chinese medicine group were decreased on day 7 (P＜0.05), while SOD increased significantly (281nU/ml vs 55nU/ml, P＜0.01), and similar changes occurred in MDA and SOD in organs, especially in the pancreas; the pathological changes in the pancreas were alleviated as well.CONCLUSION "Qing Yi Tang" is effective in clearing OFRs and alleviating pathological changes in ANP.     

The lameness of King Philip II and Royal Tomb I at Vergina,Macedonia

King Philip II was the father of Alexander the Great. He suffered a notorious penetrating wound by a lance through his leg that was nearly fatal and left him lame in 339 B.C.E. (i.e., 3 y before his assassination in 336 B.C.E.). In 1977 and 1978 two male skeletons were excavated in the Royal Tombs II and I of Vergina, Greece, respectively. Tomb I also contained another adult (likely a female) and a newborn skeleton. The current view is that Philip II was buried in Tomb II. However, the male skeleton of Tomb II bears no lesions to his legs that would indicate lameness. We investigated the skeletal material of Tomb I with modern forensic techniques. The male individual in Tomb I displays a conspicuous case of knee ankylosis that is conclusive evidence of lameness. Right through the overgrowth of the knee, there is a hole. There are no obvious signs that are characteristic of infection and osteomyelitis. This evidence indicates that the injury was likely caused by a severe penetrating wound to the knee, which resulted in an active inflammatory process that stopped years before death. Standard anthropological age-estimation techniques based on dry bone, epiphyseal lines, and tooth analysis gave very wide age ranges for the male, centered around 45 y. The female would be around 18-y-old and the infant would be a newborn. It is concluded that King Philip II, his wife Cleopatra, and their newborn child are the occupants of Tomb I.The Great Tumulus in Vergina contains three Royal Tombs (I, II, and III) and one “Heroon” (shrine dedicated to a hero) next to Tomb I. Tomb I was built with the same big porous ashlar blocks as the Heroon, for which there is unanimous agreement by scholars that it belongs to Philip II (from now on called Philip) (1). There is also unanimous agreement that Tomb III, which has a façade strikingly similar to that of Tomb II (with nine bluish triglyphs each), belongs to Alexander the Great’s son, Alexander IV (1). Tomb I is a cist tomb dated earlier than Tomb II (2, 3). Tomb I contains stunning wall paintings in its interior, the most important of which depicts “The rape of Persephone,” after which Tomb I was named. It also contained the bones of a male, a female, and a newborn (4). The Royal Tomb II was discovered unplundered in 1977, containing a rich array of grave goods, such as two golden larnakes (each with cremated human remains inside) and an armor consisting of items such as a cuirass, a helmet, and a shield. It was named “The Tomb of Philip,” which is a misnomer as we show here. Despite anthropological and archaeological evidence that the tomb belongs to King Arrhidaeus and his wife Eurydice (3, 5), the archaeological establishment still maintains that Tomb II belongs to Philip II (2, 6).Tomb I contained the inhumed, unburnt, and incomplete remains of a man, a woman, and a full-term fetus or neonate (4, 7); they were the result of inhumation, not cremation (8). We aimed to study the lesions and estimate the ages of the three individuals in Tomb I and then compare them with those known from the ancient literary sources to identify the occupant of Royal Tomb I in Vergina. Most of the bones of these individuals have never been presented before. Only a brief mention was made of few of them in a couple of lines (4, 7), and certainly nothing was reported on their lesions.     

电针合青娥青囊加味治疗老年慢性腰腿痛70例

目的：观察针药并用治疗以肾阳虚损为主老年慢性腰腿痛的疗效。方法70例患者均采用高频连续波电针及孟河医派徐剑秋先生自制青娥青囊加味方。结果总有效率98．5％。结论针药并用治疗老年慢性腰腿痛简、验、廉,适宜在社区推广。     

LC-MS／MS法与 HPLC 法测定青娥丸中药效成分比较

目的：通过液质联用（ LC-MS/MS）与高效液相色谱（ HPLC）测定青娥丸中药效成分-松脂醇二葡萄糖苷、补骨脂素和异补骨脂素的含量比对,为其质量控制提供方法参考。方法：采用Kromasil C18色谱柱,以甲醇-0．1％甲酸为流动相进行梯度洗脱,使用多反应监测（ MRM）模式,监测离子对为m/z 700．5→m/z 235．4（松脂醇二葡萄糖苷）、m/z 187．1→m/z 131．1（补骨脂素和异补骨脂素）进行LC-MS/MS法同时测定,与药典HPLC法分别测定的结果进行对比分析,比较二者的差异性。结果：3种成分LC-MS/MS法测定的方法回收率分别为99．08％、98．95％和98．56％,RSD分别为1．33％、1．43％和1．27％。结论：LC-MS/MS法同时测定青娥丸中的药效成分,与药典HPLC法相比具有简便、灵敏、准确等特点,适用于青娥丸的含量测定。     

热毒清对内毒素所致家兔DIC氧自由基代谢的影响

采用内毒素所致家兔弥散性血管内凝血(DIC)为模型,观察热毒清是否具有抗自由基作用。实验表明,与模型组比较,热毒清组血清、肝匀浆和线粒体LPO含量以及血清和肝匀浆XOD活性均显著降低;而肝匀浆SOD以及肝匀浆和线粒体GSH-Px活性明显升高。结果提示热毒清能有效地拮抗内毒素DIC 病理过程中增多的自由基,并通过抑制自由基生成酶和增强自由基清除酶活性而起作用。从而部分解释了热毒清保护细胞器的作用机理。