Stat3信号传导通路对喉癌细胞G1～S期的调控

目的:探讨Stat3信号传导通路对喉癌细胞G1～S期调控的可能机制.方法:应用阳离子脂质体介导Stat3反义寡核苷酸转染人喉癌Hep-2细胞,阻断其Stat3通路;MTT法检测细胞增殖状态;流式细胞术检测细胞周期;Western blot检测Stat3、磷酸化Stat3、G1期Cyclins、CDKs、p21、p27的表达.结果:转染Stat3反义寡核苷酸后喉癌细胞增殖受抑制,Stat3、磷酸化Stat3、G1期Cyclins、CDKs表达水平下降,p21与p27表达水平上升.结论:Stat3信号传导通路可能通过调节CDK/Cyclin复合物与细胞周期索依赖性激酶抑制因子(CKI)成员之间的平衡而调节喉癌细胞G1～S期转换.     

Evaluation of circulating cell free DNA in plasma as a biomarker of different thyroid diseases

IntroductionMany studies have been done on proteomics, genomics, epigenetic, immunogenetics in many body fluids. Among these, circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) entered the literature in 1948, but it has not been studied for many years due to technological deficiencies. Following recent advances, geno-metastasis has been mentioned and new research is needed in this area. ccfDNA is known to be an important biomolecule in this regard.ObjectiveThe presence of cell-free DNA in the circulatory system may offer a tremendous opportunity to provide novel biomarkers for thyroid diseases. This experimental study was conducted to determine the amount of ccfDNA in different thyroid diseases, then to evaluate whether the ccfDNA concentration varied between the disease groups and control group.MethodsIn total, we included 121 individuals in the present study. We collected blood samples and then determined the ccfDNA concentration in plasma of collected blood samples from three groups: thyroiditis (n = 33), benign (n = 37), and malignant (n = 30) and from a control group (n = 21).ResultsThe median values of the ccfDNA groups were found as 1610, 1665, 1685 and 576 ng/mL for the thyroiditis, benign, malign, and control groups, respectively. Findings showed that the ccfDNA of the three groups was significantly higher than the control (p < 0.0001). Each group was compared in terms of ccfDNA and the p-values of benign-thyroiditis, benign-malign, and thyroiditis-malign were 0.09, 0.65, and 0.29, respectively.ConclusionsThe clear differences between thyroid diseases and controls suggest that ccfDNA is worthy of attention as a biomarker for further evaluation of different thyroid diseases. Likewise, it might indicate a clear tendency that ccfDNA can also be used to distinguish different thyroid diseases.     

兔耳前边缘静脉的类内皮细胞扫描电镜结构

目的观测新发现的兔耳前边缘静脉类内皮细胞扫描电镜结构。方法取日本大耳白兔耳前边缘静脉,常规制备扫描电镜样本,对新发现的类内皮细胞结构做扫描电镜观察。结果在兔耳前边缘静脉内皮细胞与基膜之间存在类似内皮细胞样结构,分布于血管干和属支开口处。每个类内皮细胞呈椭圆形或树叶状,最大长径(8.32±1.04)μm,最大宽径为(5.79±0.68)μm,长径/宽径比值为1.45±0.22,其长轴与血管纵轴呈平行排列。细胞之间以线状结构相连成“串珠”样,且线状结构将细胞压成凹陷或其末端嵌入细胞内;相邻两个细胞间的线长(6.41±2.45)μm。结论兔耳前边缘静脉内膜含有类内皮细胞结构;以线状结构相连也是细胞间连接方式之一。     

IP3 receptor orchestrates maladaptive vascular responses in heart failure

Patients with heart failure (HF) have augmented vascular tone, which increases cardiac workload, impairing ventricular output and promoting further myocardial dysfunction. The molecular mechanisms underlying the maladaptive vascular responses observed in HF are not fully understood. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) control vasoconstriction via a Ca²⁺-dependent process, in which the type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R1) on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) plays a major role. To dissect the mechanistic contribution of intracellular Ca²⁺ release to the increased vascular tone observed in HF, we analyzed the remodeling of IP3R1 in aortic tissues from patients with HF and from controls. VSMC IP3R1 channels from patients with HF and HF mice were hyperphosphorylated by both serine and tyrosine kinases. VSMCs isolated from IP3R1^VSMC–/– mice exhibited blunted Ca²⁺ responses to angiotensin II (ATII) and norepinephrine compared with control VSMCs. IP3R1^VSMC–/– mice displayed significantly reduced responses to ATII, both in vivo and ex vivo. HF IP3R^1VSMC–/– mice developed significantly less afterload compared with HF IP3R1^fl/fl mice and exhibited significantly attenuated progression toward decompensated HF and reduced interstitial fibrosis. Ca²⁺-dependent phosphorylation of the MLC by MLCK activated VSMC contraction. MLC phosphorylation was markedly increased in VSMCs from patients with HF and HF mice but reduced in VSMCs from HF IP3R1^VSMC–/– mice and HF WT mice treated with ML-7. Taken together, our data indicate that VSMC IP3R1 is a major effector of increased vascular tone, which contributes to increased cardiac afterload and decompensation in HF.     

The cell cycle inhibitor P21 promotes the development of pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing lung alveolar regeneration

The cell cycle inhibitor P21 has been implicated in cell senescence and plays an important role in the injury–repair process following lung injury. Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a fibrotic lung disorder characterized by cell senescence in lung alveolar epithelial cells. In this study, we report that P21 expression was increased in alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s) in a time-dependent manner following multiple bleomycin-induced PF. Repeated injury of AEC2s resulted in telomere shortening and triggered P21-dependent cell senescence. AEC2s with elevated expression of P21 lost their self-renewal and differentiation abilities. In particular, elevated P21 not only induced cell cycle arrest in AEC2s but also bound to P300 and β-catenin and inhibited AEC2 differentiation by disturbing the P300–β-catenin interaction. Meanwhile, senescent AEC2s triggered myofibroblast activation by releasing profibrotic cytokines. Knockdown of P21 restored AEC2-mediated lung alveolar regeneration in mice with chronic PF. The results of our study reveal a mechanism of P21-mediated lung regeneration failure during PF development, which suggests a potential strategy for the treatment of fibrotic lung diseases.     

脑络欣通对脑缺血再灌注模型鼠神经细胞凋亡及P53蛋白表达的影响

目的: 研究脑络欣通对脑缺血再灌注模型鼠神经细胞凋亡及P53蛋白表达的影响.方法:采用饥饿、劳累、高脂饮食等多因素复制大鼠气虚血瘀证模型,然后用线栓法阻断大鼠左侧大脑中动脉2 h,复制局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,于再灌注1,3 d,用TUNEL法和免疫组化法分别检测脑缺血半暗带凋亡细胞和P53蛋白表达.结果:与模型组比较,脑络欣通组脑缺血半暗带的凋亡细胞和P53蛋白表达显著减少(P＜0.05).结论:抑制P53蛋白的表达是脑络欣通抗脑缺血再灌注后神经细胞凋亡的机制之一.     

hTERT 基因反义核酸诱导卵巢癌细胞凋亡的研究

目的 在体外实验中，探讨hTERT反义核酸诱导卵巢癌细胞发生凋亡的可能性，揭示该凋亡发生与bcl-2和bax之间的关系。方法采用TUNEL染色法，定性、定量地研究hTERT反义核酸与卵巢癌细胞凋亡的关系；通过免疫组织化学法检测凋亡相关基因bcl-2和bax的表达。结果hTERT反义核酸在体外能诱导卵巢癌细胞发生凋亡。下调bcl-2的表达，增强bax的表达。结论诱导卵巢癌细胞发生凋亡是hTERT反义核酸抗卵巢癌作用的机制之一。hTERT反义核酸可能通过下调bcl-2的表达及增强bax的表达诱导卵巢癌细胞发生凋亡。     

HBV转基因小鼠肝脏NKT细胞功能与PD1、CD28表达分析

目的研究HBV转基因小鼠肝脏中NKT细胞的功能与表面PD1、CD28表达的关系。方法分离小鼠肝脏、脾脏、胸腺和腹膜淋巴结单个核细胞,利用流式细胞检测技术,分别检测其淋巴细胞中NKT细胞的频率,同时检测肝脏NKT细胞PD1、CD28的表达及IFN-γ、IL-4的分泌功能,比较肝脏、脾脏、胸腺和腹膜淋巴结这几个主要免疫组织淋巴细胞中NKT细胞所占的比例,并分析肝脏NKT细胞PD1、CD28的表达与细胞功能的关系。结果与正常同品系小鼠比较,HBV转基因小鼠肝脏、脾脏、胸腺和腹膜淋巴结NKT细胞数量明显减少(P<0.05),与脾脏、胸腺和腹膜淋巴结相比,肝脏淋巴细胞中含有大量的NKT细胞;与正常同品系小鼠比较,HBV转基因小鼠肝脏NKT细胞PD1的表达明显增多(P<0.05),CD28的表达明显减少(P<0.05),肝脏NKT细胞IFN-γ、IL-4的分泌功能明显降低(P<0.05)。结论肝脏中含有大量的NKT细胞,HBV转基因小鼠肝脏NKT细胞的功能存在明显的缺陷,并提示PD1的增加和CD28的降低可能与NKT细胞功能的下调密切相关。