多种底物在免疫金银染色检测抗核抗体试验中的联合应用

将多种底物联合应用于免疫金银染色检测ANA试验,与各底物单独应用比较,可明显改善检测的敏感性与核型显示。其中,两种鼠脏器印片联合应用的结果可与Hep-2细胞的结果相当,三种及四种鼠脏器印片联合应用的结果可与Hep-2细胞和一种鼠脏器印片联合应用的结果相当,且均不使正常人ANA阳性率明显升高。     

Intrauterine position affects motoneuron number and muscle size in a sexually dimorphic neuromuscular system

The intrauterine position occupied by a rodent fetus influences the amount of testosterone to which it is exposed before birth. Animals that are gestated between two male fetuses (2M) are exposed to higher circulating levels of testosterone than are animals positioned between two female fetuses (2F) and there are reliable differences in the reproductive physiology and behavior of 2M and 2F animals when adult. To determine whether intrauterine position modifies development of the central nervous system, we examined the sexually dimorphic spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB) in male and female gerbils from known intrauterine positions. We found that adult 2M female gerbils had 16% more SNB motoneurons than did 2F females. 2M males did not differ from 2F males in SNB motoneuron number, but the bulbocavernosus muscle, which is innervated by SNB motoneurons, was approximately 50% larger in 2M than in 2F males. These data indicate that intrauterine position can influence the morphology of the sexually dimorphic SNB neuromuscular system.     

人乳头瘤病毒16型DNA转化人胚肺细胞的实验研究

人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的16,18,31,33型等与宫颈癌的发病有关,其中HPV16与宫颈癌关系密切。为进一步研究HPV16的致癌性,我们用克隆的HPV16 DNA(2μg/10~5细胞)转染体外培养的人胚肺细胞,并进行了细胞存活时间、血清依赖性、着壁依赖性、间接免疫酶检测、HPV16 DNA、同源序列检测、染色体核型等生物学的研究。结果表明,转染细胞存活时间延长、在软琼脂培养基中形成集落、HPV16特异抗原得以表达、HPV16 DNA的同源序列存在于细胞中。表明本实验用HPV16DNA转染的人胚肺细胞具备转化细胞的某些特征,HPV16有使人胚肺细胞转化的作用。     

胃癌组织COX-2的表达及其与细胞增殖和凋亡的关系

目的 :探讨环氧化酶 - 2 (cyclooxygenase - 2 ,COX - 2 )在胃癌组织中的表达与癌细胞增殖和凋亡的关系。 方法 :采用免疫组织化学的方法检测 4 3例胃癌患者COX - 2和增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)的表达 ,用TUNEL法检测原位细胞凋亡的情况。分别计算细胞增殖指数 (MI)和凋亡指数 (AI)。结果 :胃癌组织COX - 2表达的阳性率为 6 0 .4 7% ,明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。COX - 2的高表达与胃癌淋巴结的转移和临床分期有关 ,与肿瘤大小、浸润深度、分化程度均无关。COX - 2阳性胃癌组中MI高于COX - 2阴性胃癌组 ,而AI却低于COX - 2阴性胃癌组 (P均 <0 .0 1)。结论 :COX - 2的过度表达可促进胃癌细胞增殖、抑制细胞凋亡 ,在胃癌的发生、发展过程中起着重要的作用。     

Fine T-Cell Subsets in Alcoholics as Determined by the Expression of l-Selectin, Leukocyte Common Antigen, and β-Integrin

Alcoholics admitted to the hospital solely for detoxication have been studied by flow cytometry to evaluate changes in the surface markers of peripheral blood leukocytes. As we have shown previously, such patients have an elevated percentage of CD8^hl lymphocytes that are HLA DR⁺; we now demonstrate that they also have striking alterations in the quantitative relationships of the fine T-cell subsets. Both CD4⁺ and CD8^hl lymphocytes have a sharply reduced percentage of the l -selectin⁺ CD45RA⁺ subset, increased percentages of the CD45RA-subsets, and several other fine subset alterations. The fine subset profile suggests, according to current correlations of phenotype and function, that both CD4⁺ suppressor inducer and CD4-dependent CD8⁺ suppressor effector cells are reduced, whereas other subsets, including CD8⁺ CTL or their precursors, are increased in relative percentages. Some of the phenotypic changes are reversible over the several days following withdrawal. In other results, the percentage of CD8^hl lymphocytes expressing CD11b (β-integrin) is shown to be reciprocal with the percentage expressing l -selectin both in normals and alcoholics. However, the regression function of CD11b vs. l -selectin on CD8^hl cells is different for the alcoholics than for the normals, indicating an abnormality in the regulation of the expression of these two adhesion markers. Taken together, this abnormality of adhesion molecules and the fine subset alterations previously described indicate widespread changes in the peripheral lymphocytes of currently drinking alcoholics. These changes suggest functional deficiencies that may include alterations of lymphocyte traffic and other adhesion-dependent functions, and a shift in the balance of regulatory interactions.     

烧伤血清刺激对大鼠肠上皮细胞结构和粘弹性的影响

目的　动态观察烧伤血清对体外肠上皮细胞 (IEC)骨架和细胞生物力学 (粘弹性 )的影响。　方法　培养大鼠肠上皮细胞株IEC 6 ,用烧伤血清刺激后 ,通过细胞骨架免疫组化、细胞ELISA法定量分析以及粘弹性测定技术 ,动态观察IEC致伤前后的变化。　结果　IEC在烧伤血清作用早期 ,骨架蛋白的表达即明显降低 ,微丝、微管蛋白阳性信号减弱 ,细胞粘弹性下降。　结论　细胞骨架的损伤可引起细胞脆性增加、粘弹性下降 ,导致细胞生物力学特性的改变。这种变化 ,可能直接参与烧伤后肠上皮细胞损伤的发生。     

人骨髓间充质干细胞体外分化为雪旺样细胞的方法

目的 :建立人骨髓间充质干细胞体外向雪旺样细胞定向诱导分化的方法。方法 :取健康人骨髓血标本 ,利用percoll(密度为 1.0 73 g·ml-1)分离骨髓单个核细胞 ,在DMEM LG + 10 % (体积分数 )FBS中培养 ,通过流式细胞术对培养细胞进行表型测定 ,对第 2、3、5、8代间充质干细胞进行定向诱导分化 ,用单抗S 10 0、神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白 (glialfibrillargacidicprotein ,GFAP) ,通过免疫组化方法对诱导的细胞进行鉴定。 结果 :经 percoll分离的间充质干细胞可传 16代 ,细胞数增加了大约 6× 10 7倍。流式细胞术结果显示 :percoll分离出来的未经培养的细胞 ,其CD2 9+CD4 4 +CD3 4 -CD4 5 -细胞数为 3 2 .4 7%± 3 .4 9% ,而培养后贴壁细胞中CD2 9+CD4 4 +CD3 4 -CD4 5 -细胞数为 94 .3 8%± 1.5 0 %。诱导后免疫组化染色结果显示 :由 β ME +bFGF预诱导、β ME +bFGF诱导的S 10 0阳性细胞最多 ,可达 90 %± 4 % ,GFAP阳性细胞为 2 1%± 5 %。结论 :人骨髓中间充质干细胞能定向诱导分化成雪旺样细胞。     

实验性急性胰腺炎肺内细胞凋亡状况及其意义的初步探讨

目的：探讨重症急性胰腺炎时肺内细胞凋亡的状况及其在肺损伤发病机制中的意义。方法：以不同浓度牛磺胆酸钠液逆行胰胆管注射造成大急急性水肿性胰腺炎（AEP)与急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)两种模型，测定血浆TNF-α与内毒素水平的动态变化，免疫组化检测肺内TNF-α的表达，并以TUNEL法结合激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检测肺组织切片内细胞凋亡的情况。结果：正常时大鼠肺内偶见淋巴细胞及纤维母细胞等发生凋亡，诱导AEP或ANP后凋亡细胞数量无明显变化。随着肺损伤的出现，少许浸润的炎细胞、肺泡上皮细胞及血管内皮细胞等发生了凋亡。凋亡指数(‰)在ANP组呈一过性下降，在ANP组表现为持续下降，在6h后各时点均显著低于AEP组相应值(P＜0．05)。分析表明，ANP组血中TNF-α、内毒素含量的增加与凋亡指数的变化存在负相关(P＜0.05)。结论：ANP时肺内浸润的以中性粒细胞为代表的大量炎细胞出现延迟凋亡，这种现象可能是肺损伤发生的重要前提，同时内毒素血症及TNF-α的过度合成可能是中性粒细胞延迟凋亡的部分原因。     

Development of cranial flexure and Rathke's pouch in the chick embryo

Experiments were done to investigate the cause of the cranial (mesencephalic) flexure of the chick brain during stages 10 to 14. Measurements of the length and thickness of the roof and floor of the mesencephalon gave values similar to the values obtained previously by others. The labeling index was determined in the roof and floor of the prosencephalon, mesencephalon, and rhombencephalon as a preliminary measure of cell division. The labeling index was about the same in all regions, and was high enough to suggest that most of the cells were dividing. The labeling indices did not suggest that differential growth was caused by differential rates of cell division in the roof and floor of the mesencephalon. It was found through time lapse photography that the foregut and heart remained stationary along the rostrocaudal axis, whereas the prosencephalon moved rostrally and the mesencephalon underwent flexure. Measurements suggested that the neural tube cranial to the otic primordium grew in volume exponentially at a rate consistent with the labeling index. The rostral tip of the neural tube was observed to be linked to the rostral tip of the foregut by the ectoderm that formed Rathke's pouch at the neural tube and the pharyngeal membrane (prospective stomodeum) at the foregut. As the neural tube grew in length, the link between the neural tube and the foregut did not. We suggest that because of this link, the growing neural tube had to bend around the foregut, forming the cranial flexure, and the ectoderm folded where it attached to the prosencephalon, forming Rathke's pouch. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

舍格伦综合征唇腺组织的细胞凋亡观察

目的　通过观察舍格伦综合征唇腺组织细胞凋亡的变化 ,探讨细胞凋亡在舍格伦综合征中的作用。方法　用原位末端标记法检测 16例舍格伦综合征的唇腺病变组织中的凋亡细胞数 ,并以 4例正常唇腺作为对照。每例随机统计 5个高倍视野的凋亡细胞数 ,并求出平均值。结果　染色结果显示舍格伦综合征患者唇腺腺泡及导管上皮可见散在阳性凋亡细胞 ,平均值为 ( 8 0 2± 2 2 3 )个 /高倍视野 ,正常唇腺组织细胞中阳性凋亡细胞为 ( 1 12± 0 3 4)个 /高倍视野 ,两组间对比差异有显著性。 (P <0 .0 5 )。舍格伦综合征病例的唇腺组织中腺泡及导管上皮可见散在的阳性凋亡细胞 ,其数量显著多于正常对照组。结论　考虑细胞凋亡可能是舍格伦综合征涎腺组织破坏的重要原因。