Conversion from laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) to one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB): preliminary data from a multicenter retrospective study

BackgroundLaparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is the most commonly performed bariatric procedure, while laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) has been for a decade one of the most popular interventions for weight loss. After LSG and LAGB, some patients may require a second surgery due to weight regain or late complications. One anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is a promising bariatric procedure, which provides effective long-term weight loss and has a favorable effect on type 2 diabetes.ObjectivesTo retrospectively analyze data from 10 Italian centers on conversion from LAGB and LSG to OAGB.SettingHigh-volume centers for bariatric surgery.MethodsProspectively collected data from 10 high-volume centers were retrospectively reviewed. Body mass index (BMI), percentage of excess BMI loss, reasons for redo, remission from co-morbidities (hypertension, diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux, and dyslipidemia), and major complications were recorded.ResultsThree hundred patients were included in the study; 196 patients underwent conversion from LAGB to OAGB and 104 were converted from LSG. BMI was 45.1 ± 7 kg/m² at the time of first intervention, 41.8 ± 6.3 kg/m² at redo time, and 30.5 ± 5.5 kg/m² at last follow-up appointment. Mean percentage of excess BMI loss was 13.2 ± 28.2 at conversion and 73.4 ± 27.5 after OAGB. Remission rates from hypertension, diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux, and dyslipidemia were 40%, 62.5%, 58.7% and 52%, respectively. Mean follow-up was 20.8 (range, 6–156) months and overall complications rate was 8.6%.ConclusionOur data show that OAGB is a safe and effective revisional procedure after failed restrictive bariatric surgery.     

5-氟尿嘧啶缓释剂瘤内注射治疗胰腺癌的实验研究

目的:观察5FU缓释剂瘤内注射对裸鼠胰腺癌肿瘤细胞的影响,探讨其作用机制。方法:体外培养胰腺癌细胞株PC3,以2×106个细胞分别接种于70只裸鼠。4周后挑选肿瘤大小一致的裸鼠60只,随机分成5组,即静脉NS对照组、5FU静注组(10mg/kg)、基质植入组、5FU缓释剂(4mg/kg)植入组及5FU缓释剂(1mg/kg)植入组。于治疗前及治疗后14d内测量肿瘤大小,计算肿瘤生长速度;观察组织学变化和细胞分裂指数;免疫组化法测定bcl2和Bax的蛋白表达水平;采用脱氧核苷酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)检测凋亡指数(AI)。结果:5FU缓释剂瘤内注射组裸鼠移植瘤生长速度减慢(P<0.05),最终瘤重小于其他各组(P<0.05);细胞分裂指数亦均低于其他各组(P<0.05)。5FU缓释剂瘤内注射组肿瘤组织中炎症反应和血管内膜增厚程度明显高于其他各组(P<0.05)。5FU缓释剂瘤内注射组荷瘤裸鼠的bcl2基因蛋白表达明显低于其他各组,而Bax基因的蛋白表达明显高于其他各组,其肿瘤细胞的AI明显高于其他各组(P<0.05)。结论:5FU缓释剂瘤内注射可明显抑制裸鼠胰腺癌瘤体的生长,其作用机制与药物在肿瘤组织中引起的炎症反应和血管内膜增厚等因素有关,并可能与诱导肿瘤细胞的凋亡有关。     

魏品康治疗胃食管反流病经验总结

魏品康教授擅长治疗消化系统疾病,认为胃食管反流病主要病因在于饮食不节、情志不畅、脾失健运等原因致痰浊阻滞中膈,影响气机升降而发为本病。临症时应详审病因病机,明辨阴阳虚实,分为气郁痰阻、热盛痰阻、痰气中阻、痰瘀内阻等型而辨证论治。用药时应参合体质、季节气候等因素,灵活辨证,不可拘泥。     

PSA Doubling Time and Absolute PSA Predict Metastasis-free Survival in Men With Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate the association of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values on metastasis-free survival (MFS) in men with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (BRPC) and PSA doubling time (PSADT) < 12 months. This dataset also reflects an update with longer follow-up of our prior publications on the natural history of BRPC in the absence of treatment.Materials and MethodsIn this report, we combined databases from the Center for Prostate Disease Research and Johns Hopkins University (CPDR/JHU). In the CPDR/JHU radical prostatectomy database (30,936 total patients), 656 men with BRPC (> 0.2 ng/mL) after prostatectomy and PSADT < 12 months, who received no adjuvant/salvage androgen deprivation and/or radiation therapy, were prospectively followed until radiologic evidence of metastasis and are included in this analysis.ResultsMetastasis occurred in 250 of 656 patients with BRPC (median follow-up, 5 years). PSADT < 7.5 months and Gleason score were independent risk factors for distant metastasis in multivariable analysis. Risk of metastasis increased for PSADT 6.01 to 7.50, 4.51 to 6.0, 3.01 to 4.50, and ≤ 3.0 months, after adjusting for Gleason score. A PSA value ≥ 0.5 ng/mL significantly and independently increased risk of metastasis in patients with PSADT < 12 months (hazard ratio, 2.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.47-5.29; P = .001).ConclusionsIn men with PSADT < 12 months, PSADT ≤ 7.5 months, PSA ≥ 0.5 ng/mL, and Gleason score are independent predictors of MFS on multivariable analysis.     

Surface expression of anti‐CD3scfv stimulates locoregional immunotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma depending on the E1A‐engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells

Tumor antigens is at the core of cancer immunotherapy, however, the ideal antigen selection is difficult especially in poorly immunogenic tumors. In this study, we designed a strategy to modify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by surface expressing anti‐CD3scfv within the tumor site strictly, which depended on the E1A‐engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSC.E1A) delivery system. Subsequently, membrane‐bound anti‐CD3scfv actived the lymphocytes which lysed HCC cells bypassing the expression of antigens or MHC restriction. First, we constructed the anti‐CD3scfv gene driven by human α‐fetoprotein (AFP) promoter into an adenoviral vector and the E1A gene into the lentiviral vector. Our results showed that anti‐CD3scfv could specifically express on the surface of HCC cells and activate the lymphocytes to kill target cells effectively in vitro. HUMSC infected by AdCD3scfv followed by LentiR.E1A could support the adenoviral replication and packaging in vitro 36 h after LentiR.E1A infection. Using a subcutaneous HepG2 xenograft model, we confirmed that AdCD3scfv and LentiR.E1A co‐transfected HUMSC could migrate selectively to the tumor site and produce considerable adenoviruses. The new generated AdCD3scfv infected and modified tumor cells successfully. Mice injected with the MSC.E1A.AdCD3scfv and lymphocytes significantly inhibited the tumor growth compared with control groups. Furthermore, 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) could sensitize adenovirus infection at low MOI resulting in improved lymphocytes cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. In summary, this study provides a promising strategy for solid tumor immunotherapy.     

亚叶酸钙加氟尿嘧啶联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期胃癌26例

目的 :探讨亚叶酸钙加氟尿嘧啶 (5 Fu)持续 72h滴注联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期 /转移性胃癌的临床疗效和毒副作用。方法 :共入选 2 6例。治疗方案为 :在每周期的d1,静脉滴注奥沙利铂 130mg·m-2 ;d1～d3静脉滴注亚叶酸钙 2 0 0mg·m-2 ·d-1;在d1静脉滴注亚叶酸钙结束后 ,静脉注射 5 Fu 0 .75 g ,然后静脉滴注 5 Fu 3.0g·m-2 ,持续 72h(d1～d3)。 4周为 1个周期 ,每例患者至少应用 2个周期。结果 :2 6例晚期胃癌患者获CR 2例 ,PR9例 ,有效率 4 2 .3%。毒副作用主要为骨髓抑制、口腔黏膜炎、腹泻 ,无严重神经损害。结论 :此方法治疗晚期 /转移性胃癌疗效好 ,安全性高。     

韩冰教授活血化瘀药在妇科用药的经验拾零——桃仁、红花与三棱、莪术之别

韩冰教授在妇科疾病治疗中提出活血化瘀法有活血消溶与活血下血之分,在活血化瘀药中桃仁、红花、三棱、莪术4味药,均有活血化瘀止痛之效,均可以用于治疗妇科疾病瘀血证,但是桃仁、红花两味药活血化瘀,以下血为主,两味药为下法。而三棱、莪术两味药在活血化瘀上以消溶为主,可内消瘀结,是为消法。因此临床上应辨证辨病施药,以提高疗效。     

Inhibition of Erythroid Differentiation of Human Leukemia K562 Cells by N-acetylcysteine and Ascorbic Acid through Downregulation of ROS

正This study investigated the effects of N-acetylcysteine(NAC)and ascorbic acid(AA)on hemin-induced K562 cell erythroid differentiation and the role of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in this process.Hemin increased ROS levels in a concentration-dependent manner,whereas NAC and AA had opposite effects.Both NAC and AA eliminated transient increased ROS levels after hemin treatment,inhibited hemin-induced