农村医疗保障中的政府职能

农村医疗保障制度日益被提上日程，其中有效而正确的政府行为是保证该制度在农村顺利建立和完善的前提:一个好的制度既应该适合本国国情和人们的承受能力，还应该有明确的目标和定位:“小康不小康，首先看健康”，没有农民的健康，没有实现农民的小康，就不可能达到全面的小康社会。应该正确界定政府在农村医疗保障中的职能与角色，建立有效的农村医疗保障制度。     

235例院前急救分析

目的　探讨院前急救的特点。方法　回顾性分析 2 35例院前急救的疾病分类及心肺复苏(CPR)成功率状况。结果　需现场急救的疾病前 3位是脑血管疾病、外科急症、心血管疾病 ,分别占 2 6 38%、2 3 38%和 17 4 5 % ;现场需CPR者 5 3例 ,4 0～ 4 5岁以下以车祸、坠楼、中毒、意外居多 ,6 0岁以上以心、脑血管疾病为主 ,CPR成功率低 ,仅 5 6 6 % ,主要与CPR开始时间延迟相关。结论　院前急救的重点是心、脑血管疾病和外伤 ;缩短CPR开始时间 ,提高CPR抢救成功率     

手术治疗髋臼骨折的疗效分析

探讨采用手术方法治疗髋臼骨折的疗效。方法本组62例，按Letournel分类，后壁骨折13例，后柱骨折9例，前柱骨折5例，横行骨折4例，横行伴后壁骨折6例，双柱骨折lO例，后壁伴后柱骨折8例，T型骨折7例。选择髂腹股沟入路13例，K-L入路3l例，二者联合入路18例。结果所有病例随访1年以上，骨折愈合，无感染、坐骨神经损伤，2例发生创伤性关节炎，3例髋关个节功能受限。结论开放复位内固定技术能显著提高髋臼骨折的远期疗效。     

颞骨巨细胞瘤(附5例报告)

目的观察颞骨巨细胞病的临床病程,诊断和治疗.方法从我们科收集了5例颞骨巨细胞瘤且进行病理学分析.结果5例颞骨巨细胞瘤,其中女性1例,男性4例,年龄在28到73岁.1例患者病理分型为Ⅰ-Ⅱ级,4例为Ⅱ级.所有5例患者均进行了根治性切除和术后放疗,随访3到12年无复发.结论颞骨巨细胞瘤的诊断基于典型的病理特征,影像和临床表现.根治性切除是最适当的治疗方法,再加术后放射治疗多能获得长期治愈.     

Variation in clinical outcome following shock wave lithotripsy

PURPOSE: We measure and compare operator specific success rates of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) performed by 12 urologists in 1 unit to determine interoperator variation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 1, 1994 to September 1, 1997 a total of 5,769 renal and ureteral stones received 9,607 ESWL treatments by 15 urologists with a Dornier MFL 5000 lithotriptor. The 3-month followup data are available for 4,409 stones. Outcome measures consisted of patient demographics, stone characteristics, technical details of lithotripsy, and stone-free and success rates by treating urologists. RESULTS: Treatment results were analyzed for 12 urologists (surgeons A to L) who treated more than 100 stones each, totaling 4,244 with followup information available. Mean stone-free and success rates were 50.6% and 72.3%, respectively. Surgeon A had significantly higher stone-free and success rates of 56.2% and 76.7%, respectively (p<0.05), with treatment results from 877 stones, which was a significantly higher number than others (p<0.05). Significant differences existed in mean number of shocks delivered among urologists (p = 0.0001), with surgeons A and J delivering the highest mean numbers (2,317 and 2,801, respectively). There was no difference in treatment duration (p = 0.75) but variation existed among urologists in terms of mean maximum treatment voltage (p = 0.0001). Mean fluoroscopy time at 4.1 minutes was higher for surgeon A than others (p<0.05). Mean complication rate following ESWL was 4.9% with no difference among urologists (p = 0.175). Re-treatment was required in 21.7% of cases and surgeon A had the lowest rate (15.9%, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated clinically and statistically significant intra-institutional differences in success rates following ESWL. The best results were obtained by the urologist who treated the greatest number of patients, used a high number of shocks and had the longest fluoroscopy time. Accurate targeting is crucial when using a lithotriptor, such as the Dornier MFL 5000, with a narrow focal zone of 6.5 mm. in diameter. Other centers should be encouraged to develop similar programs of outcome analysis in an attempt to improve performance.     

长丰县2002～2003年结核病控制入项病人治疗转归分析

目的　研究长丰县实施“中国控制结核病项目”效果 ,为控制结核病流行提供依据。方法　对 4 85例入项病例作转归队列分析。结果　 2 0 0 3年初治涂阳和复治涂阳病例治愈率分别为 80 .8%和 6 2 .0 % ,比2 0 0 2年有明显提高。结论　控制结核病 ,应加强病人特别是初始涂阳病人发现工作 ,加强对病人全程督导化疗及管理。     

新鲜羊膜移植治疗复发性翼状胬肉30例

目的:观察羊膜移植治疗复发性翼状胬肉疗效。方法:应用新鲜羊膜移植联合翼状胬肉切除治疗30眼复发性翼状胬肉并观察其临床疗效。结果:随诊3～24mo无1例翼状胬肉复发及睑球粘连发生。结论:羊膜移植术治疗复发性翼状胬肉能达到很好的效果,尤其对伴发睑球粘连者可有效防止粘连的再发生。     

综合治疗发育性弱视243例

目的:探讨各种类型发育性弱视治疗的疗效。方法:对243例发育性弱视患者进行包括验光配镜、遮盖治疗、红光闪烁治疗、后像疗法、精细目力训练等的综合治疗。结果:基本治愈率为56.4%,有效率为92.4%,其中轻度弱视的治愈率为81.6%,中度为41.1%,重度为24.3%;屈光不正性弱视的治愈率为62.9%,斜视性弱视为49.0%,屈光参差性弱视为43.1%,形觉剥夺性弱视为18.8%;中心注视的治愈率为65.3%,旁中心注视为20.7%;年龄≤6岁的治愈率为82.7%,年龄在7~9岁间的为49.4%,年龄≥10岁的为19.6%。结论:弱视的治疗效果与弱视程度、类型、注视性质、初诊年龄等密切相关,早期发现,早期治疗效果好。综合疗法的疗效优于单一治疗方法。     

Patient Satisfaction, Treatment Experience, and Disability Outcomes in a Population-Based Cohort of Injured Workers in Washington State: Implications for Quality Improvement

Objective. To determine what aspects of patient satisfaction are most important in explaining the variance in patients' overall treatment experience and to evaluate the relationship between treatment experience and subsequent outcomes.
Data Sources and Setting. Data from a population-based survey of 804 randomly selected injured workers in Washington State filing a workers' compensation claim between November 1999 and February 2000 were combined with insurance claims data indicating whether survey respondents were receiving disability compensation payments for being out of work at 6 or 12 months after claim filing.
Study Design. We conducted a two-step analysis. In the first step, we tested a multiple linear regression model to assess the relationship of satisfaction measures to patients' overall treatment experience. In the second step, we used logistic regression to assess the relationship of treatment experience to subsequent outcomes.
Principal Findings. Among injured workers who had ongoing follow-up care after their initial treatment ( n =681), satisfaction with interpersonal and technical aspects of care and with care coordination was strongly and positively associated with overall treatment experience ( p <0.001). As a group, the satisfaction measures explained 38 percent of the variance in treatment experience after controlling for demographics, satisfaction with medical care prior to injury, job satisfaction, type of injury, and provider type. Injured workers who reported less-favorable treatment experience were 3.54 times as likely (95 percent confidence interval, 1.20–10.95, p= .021) to be receiving time-loss compensation for inability to work due to injury 6 or 12 months after filing a claim, compared to patients whose treatment experience was more positive.     

Clinical Features and Surgical Treatment of A-pattern Exotropia

IntroductionAnA鄄patternexotropiashowssignificantlymoreexodeviationindowngazeversusupgaze,inwhichthechangeofbinocularalignmentresemblesthealphaberA.Accordingtopublishedreports[1～4],A鄄patternexotropiaisviewedastheleasttypeofAandVpatterns.However,thepr鄄evalenceofA鄄patternexotropiaratherincreasedinourclinicalstudies[5],inwhichparticularattentionwaspaidtoobservethedeviationindownwardgazeandassesssuperiorobliquefunction.Accordingly,clinicalcharacteristics,surgicaltreatmentandtreatmentoutcome…