益气补肾方含药血清对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖转移及CD44+EpCAM+干细胞比例的影响

目的 探讨益气补肾方含药血清对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖转移能力及CD44⁺EpCAM⁺干细胞比例的影响。方法 分别以低、中、高不同浓度益气补肾方含药血清及空白血清干预人胃癌细胞SGC-7901。采用MTT法检测24,48,72 h细胞增殖抑制率,Transwell小室检测胃癌细胞迁移侵袭能力。采用5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）共培养富集胃癌干细胞,流式细胞术检测药物干预后CD44⁺EpCAM⁺干细胞比例。结果 干预48,72 h后,益气补肾方组细胞增殖抑制率显著高于同时期阴性对照组及空白对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Transwell结果显示,与阴性对照组和空白对照组比较,益气补肾方各组透膜细胞数显著降低,迁移能力受明显抑制,差异有显著统计学意义（P<0.01）。流式细胞术结果显示,终浓度为20 μg·mL^-1的5-Fu共培养24 h后,胃癌干细胞比例显著提升,益气补肾方干预后各组细胞中CD44⁺EpCAM⁺干细胞比例均下调,中、高浓度组与模型对照组相比,差异有显著统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 益气补肾方含药血清能显著抑制人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖,并呈时间、剂量相关性,其抗转移作用可能与下调胃癌干细胞表面标志物CD44、EpCAM表达,降低CD44⁺EpCAM⁺干细胞比例有关。     

某省1996至2015年职业病防治机构人员状况

目的通过了解湖南省20年职防机构人员状况,对未来几年人力资源情况进行预测,为全省及其他地区优化职业病防治人力资源的规划,提升其服务能力提供科学依据与参考。方法在已建立的湖南省职防机构基本信息管理系统中抽取有关人员资料,对1996至2015年人员数量和构成的动态变化进行描述分析,采用灰色模型GM（1,1）进行人员情况预测。结果湖南省1996年职防机构人员为1 591人,至2015年为1 429人。20年间,人员构成从＂中专与无专业学历＂为主转变至以＂本科及以上与专科学历＂为主,以＂其他专业＂为主至以＂公共卫生与临床医学＂为中坚力量,由无职称人员占比超三分之一至仅占5%左右且高级、中级、初级职称均稳步上升的状况。预测显示,2018年和2020年职防机构高学历人员构成比将分别达41.00%和45.61%,公卫人员构成比将分别达44.15%和46.60%。结论湖南省20年职防机构人员数量变化不大,人员质量有了很大的提升,有利于职防事业的可持续发展;未来5年人员学历及专业构成将进一步得到优化。     

New,Immunomodulatory, Oral Nutrition Formula for Use Prior to Surgery in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer: An Exploratory Study

Background: The perioperative use of immunomodulatory nutrition formulas in patients with head and neck cancer reduces the number of postoperative infections and the length of hospital stay. Objective: An exploratory, randomized, controlled, blind, clinical trial was designed to examine the effect of the preoperative consumption of a new, immunomodulatory, oral nutrition formula in patients with head and neck cancer. Methods: Thirty‐eight patients were randomized to receive either 400 mL/d of either the new immunomodulatory formula (IF) or that commonly used in clinical practice (CF) over 10 days prior to surgery. Thirty‐three patients completed the study. Compliance, tolerance, the length of hospital stay, the incidence of infections and noninfectious complications before discharge, and the same up to 15 and 30 days after discharge were recorded. Results: The percentage of patients who developed infections before discharge was significantly lower in the IF than in the CF group (P = .013), as was the number of infections/100 patients/d (P = .035). The length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the IF group (P = .001). Both formulas were safe and well tolerated. No other differences were detected. These results suggest preoperative consumption of the new formula to be beneficial for patients with neck and head cancer. Further trials are needed to confirm these results and to test the efficacy of the formula in patients with other conditions. Conclusion: The new formula can be safely prescribed as part of the preoperative treatment of patients with head and neck cancer and might reduce the problem of postoperative infection.     

Differences between men and women in substance use: the role of educational level and employment status

Objective

To determine differences between men and women in hazardous drinking, heavy cannabis use and hypnosedative use according to educational level and employment status in the economically active population in Spain.