川芎嗪与自体骨膜植入预防椎板切除术后硬膜外粘连的实验研究

目的观察椎板切除术后用川芎嗪并在椎板缺损处植入自体骨膜预防硬膜外粘连的效果。方法48只SD大鼠随机分成A、B、C、D4组,制作L2板损伤模型。A组硬膜外涂布生理盐水,B组硬膜外涂布川芎嗪,C组硬膜外覆盖自体骨膜,D组硬膜外涂布川芎嗪的同时加自体骨膜覆盖。术后12周对椎板切除部位进行大体观察、组织学观察、生化检查比较组间瘢痕形成和粘连情况。结果B、C、D组的改良Rydell-Balazs粘连韧度评分、胶原含量、改良Nussvuaum组织学评分均明显优于A组(P0.01),D组优于B组与C组(P0.05)。结论联合运用川芎嗪和自体骨膜能有效预防硬膜外瘢痕粘连和形成,比单独应用川芎嗪和自体骨膜预防效果好。     

深低温保存的同种体骨膜台骨联合移植的实验研究

目的 探讨有生物活性的移植材料对骨缺损修复能力的影响。方法 实验采用兔桡骨缺损模型,经深低温保存的同种异体骨膜加胎兔骨移植为实验侧,胎兔骨移植为对照侧,分别在术后2、4、8及12周对实验侧和对照侧骨缺损模型进行大体观察、组织学检查、X线片及钙、磷含量检查。观察异体骨膜加胎骨复合体修复骨缺损的可行性及移植后骨膜、胎骨的动态变化。结果 实验侧术后4、8及12周钙、磷含量明显高地对照侧（P＜0.05）,随着时间的推移,钙、磷含量有升高的趋势。实验侧8周可见髓腔再通,组织切片可见骨陷窝及板层骨形成。结论 胎骨是良好的移植材料,深低温保存的同种异体骨膜联合胎骨能加速骨缺损的修复。     

Determination of critical size defect of minipig mandible

The critical size defect (CSD) of bone can provide a standard for evaluating the usefulness of bone repair materials or methods. The present study aimed to determine the CSDs of the minipig mandible with and without the periosteum. Ten 18 month‐old female minipigs were used. First, the premolars and the first molar in the right mandible of each minipig were extracted. Two months later, the animals were randomly divided into two groups, with six animals in group A and four in group B. In group A, bone segments of 4, 5 and 6 cm were removed from the right mandible and the neighbouring periosteum was preserved. In group B, bone segments of 1 and 2 cm were removed from the right mandible and the periosteum was removed. The defects were retained with two reconstructive titanium plates. The mandibles underwent X‐ray examinations at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after the operation. The animals were sacrificed at 12 weeks after the operation, and specimens were evaluated by gross and histological examinations. For defects retained by two reconstructive plates, the CSDs in the minipig mandible models with and without periosteum were determined as 6 and 2 cm, respectively. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

评价原位完整保留瓣下结构的二尖瓣替换术

目的 :总结 11例二尖瓣替换术 (MVR)原位保留瓣下结构的方法和技术要点 ;评价其对术后早期左心室收缩、泵血功能的影响 ;探讨潜在的合并症。方法 :部分切除二尖瓣前叶 ,分别将残留前叶及全部腱索和完整后叶及腱索重新缝合、固定在前、后叶原瓣环上。术后 10d应用超声心动技术观测左心室舒张末、收缩末容积指数 (LVEDVI ,LVESVI) ,射血分数 (LVEF) ,峰值排空率 (LVPER)、左心室流出道 (LVOT)收缩期血流速度和残留前叶的前向运动 (SAM )。结果 :本组病例无手术死亡或严重合并症。术后LVEDVI,LVESVI均明显降低 (均为P <0 .0 1) ,LVEF和LVPER明显高于术前 (均为P <0 .0 5 )。收缩期LVOT血流速度无明显加快 ;无SAM现象。结论 :原位保留二尖瓣前、后叶腱索的MVR技术并不复杂 ,易推广。对术后早期左心室收缩、泵血功能具有明显的维护、改善作用。无人工机械瓣膜运动障碍 ;但存在潜在的LVOT梗阻的合并症     

低位直肠癌保肛术后低位前切综合征发生的危险因素分析

目的 探讨低位直肠癌患者行保肛术后出现低位前切综合征(LARS)的危险因素.方法 收集2015年1月—2019年12月在本溪市中心医院行保肛手术治疗的低位直肠癌患者421例,对患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并依据患者术后是否发生LARS分为LARS组106例和非LARS组315例,分析LARS发生的危险因素.结果 单因...     

兔下颌骨骨膜牵张成骨的实验研究

目的 探讨骨膜牵张成骨术的新方法。方法 将自制骨膜牵张器固定于3只兔的双侧下颌骨表面,左侧行骨膜牵张,右侧不牵张,作为对照。牵张过程结束后处死所有动物,标本进行X线和组织学检查。结果 3只动物术后情况良好,无明显并发症。在大体标本和X线片上表现出新骨形成。组织学检查显示牵张区有成骨样细胞浸润和骨组织形成。结论 骨膜牵张成骨技术能够为骨缺损的修复提供一种新的方法。     

骨膜与牵张成骨关系的研究进展

骨膜(包括骨外膜与骨内膜)无论在骨的发生、形成,还是骨再生、修复中都起了一定作用。本文对在牵张成骨过程中,介入牵张应力后,骨膜尤其是骨外膜的作用等的研究现状作一综述。     

骨膜移植修复骨缺损过程中微血管的重建

目的：探讨骨膜移植修复骨缺损过程中微血管的重建。方法：实验用家兔为２０只,２只用于正常桡骨血管观察,另１８只制成骨缺损模型后植入自本骨膜碎牒主后第３,５,７ｄ和第２,４,８,１２周取材,观察微血管的重建。：结果骨缺损复过程中新生血管依次经过下列变化,形成血管芽→毛刷状血管→毛刷状血管→树枝状血管→无血管软骨组织→串珠状血管→海绵状血管→网状血管。结论：新生血管在骨膜碎片移植修复骨缺损过程中的不同阶     

Blockade of nerve sprouting and neuroma formation markedly attenuates the development of late stage cancer pain

For many patients, pain is the first sign of cancer and, while pain can be present at any time, the frequency and intensity of pain tend to increase with advancing stages of the disease. Thus, between 75 and 90% of patients with metastatic or advanced-stage cancer will experience significant cancer-induced pain. One major unanswered question is why cancer pain increases and frequently becomes more difficult to fully control with disease progression. To gain insight into this question we used a mouse model of bone cancer pain to demonstrate that as tumor growth progresses within bone, tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA)-expressing sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers undergo profuse sprouting and form neuroma-like structures. To address what is driving the pathological nerve reorganization we administered an antibody to nerve growth factor (anti-NGF). Early sustained administration of anti-NGF, whose cognate receptor is TrkA, blocks the pathological sprouting of sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers, the formation of neuroma-like structures, and inhibits the development of cancer pain. These results suggest that cancer cells and their associated stromal cells release nerve growth factor (NGF), which induces a pathological remodeling of sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers. This pathological remodeling of the peripheral nervous system then participates in driving cancer pain. Similar to therapies that target the cancer itself, the data presented here suggest that, the earlier therapies blocking this pathological nerve remodeling are initiated, the more effective the control of cancer pain.