探讨食用南瓜蜂蜜糊结合四肢按摩预防保胎孕妇便秘的应用

目的：探讨预防保胎孕妇住院期间的常见并发症之一---便秘。方法：对照组患者常规预防便秘及护理；观察组在常规预防便秘及护理的基础上，吃南瓜蜂蜜糊结合四肢按摩预防保胎孕妇便秘。结果：对照组50例患者发生了便秘15人次，观察组50例患者发生了便秘3人次，明显减少了患者便秘带来的痛苦。结论：通过吃南瓜蜂蜜糊结合四肢按摩预防保胎孕妇便秘效果显著，值得临床推广应用。     

An immunocompetent migrant presenting with neurosyphilis with an unusual unilateral papillitis: a case report

Unilateral papillitis caused by Treponema pallidum was found in an immunocompetent homosexual patient with severe vision loss who had received previous antibiotics treatment. Syphilis-related ocular manifestation is more common in the early stages of the disease and it can be associated with a central nervous system localization. In this patient, neurosyphilis was diagnosed on the basis of clinical and laboratory findings. Optical examination revealed unilateral papillitis in the left eye and no relative afferent pupillary defects. The patient underwent visual field examinations with conventional perimetry using the 30-2 program of the Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer, which indicated a blind spot enlargement in the left eye. Optical coherence tomography, visual evoked potentials (VEP), and fluorescein angiograms revealed inflammation of the optic nerve head with edematous and blurred margins. A reactive T. pallidum hemagglutination assay with low rapid plasma reagin (RPR) serum titer was performed; an HIV antibody test and MRI of the orbits and head with contrast gave negative results. Resolution of the ocular inflammation after intravenous penicillin treatment was obtained. The reported case illustrates the importance of early recognition of this treatable disease. The rise of syphilis, especially in urban areas, necessitates a high level of suspicion when dealing with patients with intraocular inflammation of unknown origin. Lues serology should be incorporated into routine laboratory diagnostics to aid in the detection of such cases. Considering the re-emergence of syphilis, screening of migrants from countries with high syphilis seroprevalences should be recommended.     

Broader autism phenotype as a risk factor for postpartum depression: Hamamatsu Birth Cohort (HBC) Study

The broader autism phenotype (BAP), which refers to the expression of behavioral and cognitive propensities that are milder but qualitatively similar to those defining autism spectrum disorder, can play a crucial role in postpartum depression (PPD). We investigated whether pregnant women's BAP would increase the risk for PPD, using a representative birth cohort in Japan. Pregnant women were enrolled in the Hamamatsu Birth Cohort (HBC) Study during their mid-gestation (N = 841) and were followed up until 3 months after delivery. BAP was measured mainly during the 2nd trimester of the pregnancy by using the Broader Phenotype Autism Symptoms Scale. Participants scoring 9 points or higher on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at least once during the first 3 months after childbirth were diagnosed with PPD. Among participants, 128 (15.2%) women were found to have PPD. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that BAP were associated with PPD (OR = 1.19, 95% CI [1.07–1.31]), even after controlling for other potential confounders. In addition, the association was not moderated by history of depression and/or anxiety disorders, including concurrent depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy. The findings suggest that pregnant women with BAP have an elevated risk for PPD.     

梅毒在口腔黏膜表现的临床分析——附8例报告

目的:分析梅毒在口腔黏膜的临床表现。方法:总结8例以口腔梅黏膜病损为首发症状的梅毒患者的临床特征,并结合相关文献进行临床分析。结果:8例梅毒患者中7例表现为梅毒黏膜斑,好发部位为下唇;3例表现为梅毒性黏膜炎。1例在一期梅毒时期被误诊为复发性口疮。1例儿童因父母双方均为梅毒患者而间接感染结论:梅毒在口腔的首发症状以梅毒黏膜斑最为常见。口腔医生应掌握梅毒的口腔病损,并及时对患者家属进行梅毒筛查,以免误诊,漏诊。     

补中益气颗粒联合多糖铁复合物治疗妊娠期缺铁性贫血疗效和安全性分析

目的：探讨补中益气颗粒联合多糖铁复合物治疗妊娠期缺铁性贫血（IDA）的临床疗效。方法：将120例妊娠期IDA患者按照随机数字表法分为2组，每组60例。对照组给予多糖铁复合物治疗，研究组给予补中益气颗粒联合多糖铁复合物治疗，均用药4周。比较2组治疗前后红细胞（RBC）计数、血红蛋白（Hb）含量、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量（MCH）、血清铁（SI）、血清铁蛋白（SF）、铁调素和可溶性转铁蛋白受体（sTfR），以及2组治疗总有效率、不良反应和不良妊娠结局发生率。结果：治疗后研究组RBC、Hb、MCH、SI和SF均高于对照组，铁调素和sTfR低于对照组，治疗总有效率高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。2组不良反应发生率和不良妊娠结局发生率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：补中益气颗粒联合多糖铁复合物可有效改善铁代谢，治疗妊娠期IDA效果显著，安全性较好。     

Nodular secondary syphilis with associated granulomatous inflammation: case report and literature review

A 62‐year‐old male presented with a 10‐day history of a diffuse, erythematous papular rash sparing the palms and soles. Histopathologic examination of a skin lesion showed loose non‐caseating granulomas in a lymphoplasmacytic background. Scattered spirochetes were identified by Treponema pallidum immunohistochemistry, in keeping with a diagnosis of secondary syphilis. Granulomatous inflammation in secondary syphilis is uncommon. A review of the literature reveals that the majority of prior reported cases of granulomatous secondary syphilis share similar characteristics to this case; namely, a papular or nodular clinical presentation, sparing of the palms and soles, and collections of epithelioid histiocytes with associated lymphocytes and variable numbers of plasma cells.     

成都市某三甲医院孕妇孕期膳食习惯及行为调查

目的:调查成都市某三甲医院孕妇孕期膳食习惯及行为的变化情况。方法:以理性行为理论为基础,自行设计问卷对在成都市某三甲医院门诊就诊的600例孕妇进行调查。结果:孕妇普遍存在孕期膳食结构不合理,孕期营养知识缺乏的问题,不同年龄段孕前BMI之间差异有统计学意义(P=0.003);孕前、孕早期、孕中晚期在吸烟、喝酒、喝咖啡等方面差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论:孕妇孕期膳食行为及营养知识有待改善,应加强孕期膳食行为监督及营养知识健康教育指导。     

慢性HBV感染孕妇心理压力源的质性研究

目的了解慢性HBV感染孕妇主要的心理压力源。方法采用质性研究中的现象学方法，深入访谈9例慢性HBV感染孕妇，了解其心理压力状况。结果HBV感染孕妇妊娠期心理压力源主要包括：担心孩子被传染、对在传染病医院分娩的顾虑、对分娩方式和喂养方式选择的顾虑、担心自身健康、对承担母亲角色的顾虑。结论医护人员应结合乙肝孕妇的自身特点做好相应的健康指导和心理支持以减轻乙肝孕妇的心理压力。同时应进一步加大对公众的宣传力度，为乙肝患者营造一个公平、友好的社会氛围。     

2004-2013年杭州市萧山区梅毒疫情流行病学特征分析

目的：了解杭州市萧山区梅毒流行病学特征和发病趋势,为制定防制策略提供依据。方法：采用描述流行病学方法对萧山区2004-2013年梅毒发病资料进行三间分布分析;应用回顾性时空重排扫描统计量探测高发聚集区;构建SARIMA模型进行趋势预测。结果：萧山区梅毒发病率从2004年的18.52/10万上升至2013年的58.85/10万,呈明显上升趋势。男女发病比为0.72∶1,主要集中在20~39岁年龄段,职业以农民居多。回顾性时空聚集分析确定了5个可能的梅毒发病聚集区域。模型为SARIMA（0,1,1）（0,1,1）12。结论：萧山区（特别是中部地区）梅毒的流行情况较为严重,应采取综合性防制措施,有效控制梅毒流行。