复配胶在低脂肉糜制品中的作用机理

研究了亲水胶体类脂肪代用品──复配胶在低脂肉糜制品中的作用机理，使用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）观察了添加复配胶的低脂肉制品的超微结构，提出了脂肪球分散在由蛋白质、复合多糖形成的三维网状结构中的模型，并对持水持油作用机理进行了探讨。     

不同纯度葛根多糖生物活性比较

目的 比较不同纯度葛根多糖的活性作用。方法用细胞培养的方法研究2种葛根多糖(粗提为多糖1，提纯为多糖2)对嗜铬细胞瘤PC12细胞活力的影响；化学发光法探讨其对黄嘌呤氧化酶体系及多形核细胞(PMN)呼吸爆发的影响。结果提纯多糖2没有抗氧化作用，表现出对细胞的刺激作用，使活性介质增多；而粗提多糖1在低浓度表现刺激作用，高浓度时则表现对活性介质的清除作用。结论不同提取过程影响葛根多糖的抗氧化能力及其生物活性。     

螺旋藻多糖对D-半乳糖所致衰老小鼠的作用

雌性NIH小鼠每天颈背scD-半乳糖80mg／kg，连续42d，造成亚急性衰老模型。同时每天分别ig螺旋藻多糖（PSP）200、100mg／kg，能显著拮抗D-半乳精的作用，使小鼠肝、脑MAO－B活性显著降低，心、脑Na－K－ATP酶活性回升；能明显促进ConA诱导的小鼠淋巴细胞增殖转化，并使小鼠皮肤羟脯氨酸含量明显增加。提示PSP对D-半乳糖所致衰老小鼠有明显的改善作用。     

云南产螺旋藻多糖的分离纯化及其生物活性的初步研究

从云南产螺旋藻中分离纯化出螺旋藻多糖（ＰＳＰ）。腹腔内注射ＰＳＰ１５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ能显著增加小鼠脾重，促进小鼠腹腔ＭΦ吞噬功能及小鼠血清溶血素的形成。并对环磷酰胺所致小鼠免疫器官萎缩、白细胞减少、腹腔ＭΦ吞噬功能降低及血清溶血素形成减少等有明显对抗作用。     

Antiangiogenic and antitumoral properties of a polysaccharide isolated from the seaweed Sargassum stenophyllum

The potential antiangiogenic and antitumoral properties of SargA, a polysaccharide extracted from the brown marine alga Sargassum stenophyllum, were studied in assays carried out in chick embryos and mice. Gelfoam plugs containing SargA (2–1500 g/plug) implanted in vivo into fertilized 6-day-old chicken eggs induced dose-related antiangiogenic activity in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). By day 8, the highest dose of SargA alone decreased the vessel number in the CAM by 64%, but coadministered with hydrocortisone (156 g/plug, which alone caused 30% inhibition) failed to potentiate its antiangiogenic effect. Combined with basic fibroblast growth factor (50 ng/plug), SargA (1500 g/plug) abolished angiogenesis stimulated by this factor in both chick embryo CAM and in subcutaneous (s.c.) Gelfoam plugs implanted in the dorsal skin of Swiss mice (measured as plug hemoglobin content). Repeated s.c. injections of SargA (1.5 or 150 g per animal per day for 3 days) close to B16F10 melanoma cell tumors in the dorsal skin of mice markedly decreased tumor growth in a dose-related fashion (by 40% and 80% at 2 weeks after the first injection, respectively), without evident signs of toxicity. SargA caused graded inhibitions of migration and viability of cultured B16F10 cells and also displayed antithrombotic activity in human plasma (5 mg/ml increased thrombin time 2.5-fold relative to saline). Thus, SargA exhibits pronounced antiangiogenic as well as antitumoral properties. Although the latter action of SargA might be related to the inhibition of angiogenesis, the polysaccharide also exerts cytotoxic effects on tumor cells. Because of its chemical characteristics and polyanionic constituents, we postulate that the polysaccharide SargA might modulate the activity of heparin-binding angiogenic growth factors.     

变异链球菌luxS基因对多糖基质代谢的影响

目的:利用变异链球菌luxS基因敲除的突变株,研究该基因缺陷对于生物膜多糖基质的影响。方法:通过向生物膜培养悬液中加入与细菌直径相近的磁性小珠,利用这些小珠由于生物膜约束而在磁场中位移受限的原理,采用生物膜定量分析仪,定量比较luxS突变株与野生株在利用外源性碳水化合物合成生物膜多糖基质能力方面的差异。采用SPSS 10.0软件包对实验数据,进行Dunnet双侧t检验。结果:变异链球菌luxS基因突变株与野生株均可利用碳水化合物合成胞外多糖基质,且外源性糖的加入可显著促进生物膜的形成。在加入1%蔗糖时,2菌株生物膜均在1h内迅速形成,而两者之间无显著差异。在加入1%葡萄糖时,两菌株的生物膜形成速度均有所加快,突变株的改变则更为明显。结论:luxS基因参与调节细菌对多糖基质代谢的过程,而其对于生物膜形成的影响也更多是通过调节多糖基质代谢实现的。     

广东铁皮石斛GAP基地的石斛鲜品茎和叶中多糖的含量比较研究

目的 通过对不同产地铁皮石斛引种到广东饶平铁皮石斛GAP种植基地的铁皮石斛药材鲜品茎和叶中的多糖含量比较研究,探讨环境因素对石斛多糖的影响.方法 以多糖含量为指标,应用苯酚-浓硫酸比色法测定不同产地的铁皮石斛鲜品茎和叶中的多糖含量.结果 不同原产地的铁皮石斛茎和叶中的多糖含量均有一定差异,其中鲜品的茎以云南-5(T8)样品的多糖含量最高,达到了5.59％,广东河源的样品的多糖含量最低,仅为1.22％;鲜品的叶以云南-4(T7)样品的多糖含量最高,达到了1.90％,福建武夷山的样品的多糖含量最低,为0.95％;多数品种的鲜品茎中的多糖含量高于叶中的多糖含量.结论 原产地的生长环境对铁皮石斛多糖的积累可能有一定影响.     

Evaluation of different mannan polysaccharide usage in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for specific antibodies determination

Polysaccharides as antigens impose the problem of the proper ELISA assay. The indirect coating using biotin-avidin or lectins are therefore used. We tried to clarify the efficiency of different approaches to this problem. Our experiments clearly demonstrate that direct coating with mannan polysaccharide on high binding ELISA plates is superior to any other combination using any intermediate protein. On the other hand, the direct coating of the normal ELISA plate with mannan was of significantly lower (P=0.008) efficiency. The use of protein cannot be avoided in normal microplates. All previous statements are supported by experimental data in the paper.