The hepatotoxicity of Polygonum multiflorum: The emerging role of the immune-mediated liver injury

Herbal and dietary supplements(HDS)-induced liver injury has been a great concern all over the world.Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.,a well-known Chinese herbal medicine,is recently drawn increasing attention because of its hepatotoxicity.According to the clinical and experimental studies,P.multiflorum-induced liver injury(PM-DILI)is considered to be immune-mediated idiosyncratic liver injury,but the role of immune response and the underlying mechanisms are not completely elucidated.Previous studies focused on the direct toxicity of PM-DILI by using animal models with intrinsic drug-induced liver injury(DILI).However,most epidemiological and clinical evidence demonstrate that PM-DILI is immune-mediated idiosyncratic liver injury.The aim of this review is to assess current epidemiological,clinical and experimental evidence about the possible role of innate and adaptive immunity in the idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity of P.multiflorum.The potential effects of factors associated with immune tolerance,including immune checkpoint molecules and regulatory immune cells on the individual’s susceptibility to PM-DILI are also discussed.We conclude by giving our hypothesis of possible immune mechanisms of PM-DILI and providing suggestions for future studies on valuable biomarkers identification and proper immune models establishment.     

救必应的研究进展

救必应为冬青科冬青属植物,其化学成分类型多样,包括三萜类、黄酮类、酚类、鞣质类等;具有抑菌抗炎、清热解毒、消肿止痛、凉血止血等功效。本文综述了救必应的化学成分、药理作用方面的研究进展,为其进一步深入研究和综合开发利用提供参考。     

高效液相色谱法测定苦荬菜中木犀草苷和菊苣酸的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定不同产地苦荬菜中木犀草苷和菊苣酸的含量.方法:采用COSMOSIL?C18(4.6?mm×250?mm,5?μm),以乙腈-0.1％磷酸水溶液(18︰82)为流动相,流速:1.0?mL/min;检测波长:330?nm;柱温:40?℃.结果:木犀草苷在0.092～1.84?μg范围内线性关系良...     

大鼠一次性灌服虎杖提取物后白藜芦醇血浓度测定方法的研究

目的 :研究大鼠血浆中白藜芦醇含量的测定方法。方法 :采用液 -液萃取反相高效液相色谱梯度洗脱法对大鼠血浆样品中的白藜芦醇含量进行测定。结果 :因为血浆中白藜芦醇在 0 .0 0 35～1.4 0 0mg·L-1线性范围内关系良好 (r =0 .9998) ,最低定量限为 0 .0 35mg·L-1;低、中、高三种浓度下的回收率、日内及日间精密度均符合方法学要求。故用本法测定大鼠一次性灌服虎杖提取物后白藜芦醇的血药浓度并计算药代动力学参数 ,半衰期t1 2 =11.5min ,达峰时间tmax=10 .0min ,达峰浓度Cmax=1.93mg·L-1。结论 :本法符合生物样品分析要求 ,可用于体内白藜芦醇浓度测定     

麦冬中高异黄酮的分离与鉴定

从浙江产麦冬(Ophiopogon japonicus(Thunb)Ker-Gawl)的块根中分离出5个高异黄酮。通过理化性质和光谱分析鉴定了结构,其中3个是文献已报道的高异黄烷酮,即6-醛基异麦冬黄烷酮A(晶Ⅰ,6-aldehydo-isoophiopogonanone A),甲基麦冬黄烷酮B(晶Ⅱ,methylophiopogonanone B),甲基麦冬黄烷酮A(晶Ⅲ,methylophiopogonanone A),2个是新的高异黄酮,命名为6-醛基异麦冬黄酮B(晶Ⅳ,6-aldehydo-isoophiopogonone B)和6-醛基异麦冬黄酮A(晶Ⅴ,6-aldehydo-isoophiopogonone A)。     

Polyphenolic extract isolated from Korean Lonicera japonica Thunb. induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 Cells: Involvements of PI3K/Akt and MAPKs

Lonicera japonica Thunb. (L. japonica T.) has been used in Korean traditional medicine for long time because of its anti-cancer and hepatic protective effect. In this study, we investigated polyphenolic extract in L. japonica T. using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) and its anti-cancer effect on hepatocarcinoma cells. Human HepG2 cell line was treated with various concentrations of polyphenolic extract. Apoptosis was detective by cell morphology, cell cycle analysis and immunoblot analysis. Polyphenolic extract inhibited cell proliferation at 48 h in a dose-dependent manner. Polyphenolic extract affected HepG2 cell viability by inhibiting cell cycle progression at the G2/M transition and inducing apoptosis. Polyphenolic extract also decreased the expression of CDK1, CDC25C, cyclin B1, pro-caspases-3 and -9 and poly ADP ribose polymerase, and affected the levels of mitochondrial apoptotic-related proteins. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase ½ (ERK 1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p-38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were increased in HepG2 cells treated with polyphenolic extract, whereas Akt was dephosphorylated. These results indicate that inhibition of PI3K/Akt and activation of MAPKs are pivotal in G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human hepatocarcinoma cells mediated by polyphenolic extract.     

中药虎杖商品药材的定性鉴别与定量分析

目的建立较为合理的中药虎杖的质量评价标准.方法化学定性鉴别采用TLC法,含量测定采用HPLC法.结果以白藜芦醇苷和大黄素为对照品,以不同的展开系统展开,建立了虎杖的TLC定性鉴别方法;以白藜芦醇苷为对照品建立了HPLC含量测定方法.结论建立的TLC方法对虎杖药材的鉴别具有较好的专属性,能够区别虎杖与同科属常用药材(2000年版中国药典收载的同科根与根茎类药材).本文建立的测定白藜芦醇苷含量的HPLC法简单、准确,重现性好.     

广西草珊瑚种质资源遗传多样性的AFLP分析

目的探索广西草珊瑚Sarcandra glabra种质资源的遗传多样性,为草珊瑚及其他中药种质资源保护、亲缘关系研究、品种选育和引种栽培提供分子生物学依据。方法利用AFLP标记对来自广西不同产地的18份草珊瑚开展遗传多样性分析,采用NTSYS软件进行聚类和主坐标分析。结果从64对AFLP引物组合中筛选出8对用于扩增,共获得319条清晰可辨条带,其中多态性条带251条,多态性位点百分率为78.68%。聚类和主坐标分析表明广西草珊瑚种质资源的遗传基础存在一定的多样性,但遗传相似性系数(0.630 3～0.836 6)较大,遗传距离较近。结论广西草珊瑚种质资源的遗传多样性偏低,应该尽快采取相应措施,对草珊瑚资源进行合理保护。     

虎杖对人外周血单个核细胞炎症因子基因表达的影响

目的:观察虎杖提取物对人外周血单个核细胞炎症因子基因的影响,以期阐明虎杖提取物抗痛风性关节炎的作用机制。方法:分离与培养人外周血单个核细胞,台盼蓝测细胞活力为95%以上,RT-PCR检测人外周血单个核细胞IL-1βmRNA、IL-8mRNA的表达。结果:虎杖提取物1000mg/L,100mg/L组IL-1βmRNA和IL-8 mRNA表达与空白对照组比较有显著性差异(P﹤0.01)。地塞米松磷酸钠组表达与空白对照组比较有显著性差异(P﹤0.01)。结论:虎杖提取物能抑制人外周血单核细胞炎症因子基因的表达,可能是其治疗急性痛风性关节炎的作用机制之一。     

半夏栽培生态学研究

目的 半夏栽培生态研究。方法 对半夏Pinellia ternata不同质量的种茎进行田间栽培实验。结果 半夏块茎收获量随种茎质量增加，但相对增重则随着种茎质量的增加而减少；子块茎、珠芽和种子数量随着块茎质量而增加，半夏繁殖系数随半夏种茎质量增大而增大；统计表明叶柄数量、地上部分干重、珠芽总数、最大株芽质量、花总数与种茎的质量呈极显著正相关；珠芽总数与叶柄数量呈极显著正相关；子块茎数与种茎的增重呈负相关，而叶柄数也与种茎增重负相关。结论 半夏栽培中营养生长与生殖生长、地上部分生长与地下部分生长相互制约。