野山人参的性状和商品等级的研究

目的：研究野山人参的性状鉴别特征和商品等级划分。方法；生药学研究和鉴别特征聚类分析。结果：野山人参的芦与主根等较主根长，上有明显芦碗。主根人形、疙瘩状，或圆柱形，外皮黄褐色，顶部有细密凹陷较深的螺旋状横纹，下部侧根一般两条，自然形成一个夹角。须根少，细长不乱，柔韧而不易折断，上有明显疣状突起。结论：性状是野山人参鉴别的主要特征，参重是野山人参商品等级划分的主要依据，再参照主根的直径和侧根之间的夹角大小。     

中药白芷的基原植物研究 Ⅲ.中药白芷及其野生近缘植物的香豆素类成分比较

目的 :为确认中药白芷的基原植物提供化学成分方面的资料。方法 :运用高效液相及与标准品对照的方法对 4类栽培白芷 (川、杭、祁、禹白芷 )和 3种近缘野生植物 (兴安白芷、台湾白芷、雾灵当归 ) ,以及另外 2种当归属野生植物 (黑水当归、芷叶白芷 )进行了香豆素类成分的比较分析。结果 :4类栽培白芷和 3种近缘野生植物的香豆素类成分无论在化合物种类还是在含量方面都相当近似 ,而与另外 2种当归属野生植物差别较大。结论 :从香豆素类成分特征来看 ,4类栽培白芷和 3种近缘野生植物可分为 3个类群 ,即 :①川、杭、祁、禹 4类白芷和台湾白芷。②兴安白芷。③雾灵当归。台湾白芷与中药白芷更为接近     

Identification and quantification of anthocyanin pigments in colored rice

Anthocyanin pigments from varieties of black, red and wild rice were identified and quantified to evaluate their potential as nutritional function, natural colorants or functional food ingredients. Anthocyanin extraction was conducted with acidified methanol with 0.1M HCl (85:15, v/v) and identification of anthocyanin, aglycone and sugar moieties was conducted by comparison with purified standards by HPLC, Ultraviolet-Visible absorption spectrophotometer and paper chromatography. Black and wild rice showed three different types of pigments by HPLC whereas red rice variety did not show any anthocyanins. Out of three pigments detected, one (peak 2) was characterized as cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) by comparison of spectroscopic and chromatographic properties with an authentic standard, and another (peak 3) was tentatively identified as cyanidin-fructoside on the basis of spectroscopic properties with λ_max of aglycone in 1% HCl methanol at 537 nm, electrospray ionization mass spectra with major ions at 449 and 287 m/z and chromatographic properties. But another pigment (peak 1) has not been characterized. The most abundant anthocyanin in black and wild rice was C3G.     

In vitro interactions of agonists and antagonists with beta-adrenergic receptors

Neurotransmitters and hormones mediate their effects through interaction with specific receptors. A complete understanding of the effects of these chemical signals requires detailed knowledge, at the molecular level, of agonist/receptor interactions. It is likely that agonists and antagonists interact with the same site on a receptor. Agonists, however, are by definition different from antagonists in that agonists are responsible for transducing information across the cell membrane, ultimately resulting in a biological response, while antagonists appear to act through passive occupancy of receptors. Implicit in this concept is the idea that these fundamental differences between agonists and antagonists arise from the sequelae induced by agonist-specific interactions with receptors.     

Hepatitis E virus transmission from wild boar meat

We investigated a case of hepatitis E acquired after persons ate wild boar meat. Genotype 3 hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA was detected in both patient serum and wild boar meat. These findings provided direct evidence of zoonotic foodborne transmission of HEV from a wild boar to a human.     

Peptide and nonpeptide antagonist interaction with constitutively active human AT1 receptors

Wild type human AT(1) receptors (WT-AT(1)) and mutant receptors, in which Asn(111) was replaced by glycine (N111G), alanine (N111A) and serine (N111S), or in which Asp(281) was replaced by alanine (D281A) or in which N111G and D281A replacements were combined, were transiently expressed in CHO-K1 cells. While the biphenyltetrazole compound candesartan dissociated slowly and behaved as an insurmountable antagonist for WT-AT(1), it dissociated swiftly and only produced a rightward shift of the angiotensin Ang II- and -IV dose-response curves for inositol phosphate (IP) accumulation in cells expressing N111G. [3H]candesartan competition binding yielded the same potency order of the related biphenyltetrazoles for WT-AT(1) and mutated receptors, i.e. candesartan>EXP3174>irbesartan>losartan. Affinities were equal for WT-AT(1) and D281A and 40- to 400-fold lower for all Asn(111) mutants. Mutations did not affect the affinity of the peptide antagonist [Sar(1)Ile(8)]Ang II (SARILE). Basal IP accumulation in cells with WT-AT(1) was not affected by any biphenyltetrazole antagonists and was increased by SARILE to 19% of the maximal Ang II stimulation. Basal IP accumulation was higher for cells expressing the Asn(111)-mutated receptors. For N111G, this accumulation was partially inhibited by all the biphenyltetrazoles upon long-term (18hr) exposure. In these cells SARILE produced the same maximal stimulation as Ang II. Asn(111)-mutated AT(1) receptors are thought to mimic the pre-activated state of the wild type receptor and comparing the efficacy and affinity of ligands for such mutated receptors facilitate the distinction of partial (SARILE) and inverse (biphenyltetrazoles) agonists from true antagonists.     

远志种子检验规程

目的：为规范中药材种子市场,保证种子的质量,制定远志种子检验规程。方法：通过对远志种子净度、真实性、发芽率、生活力、千粒重和含水量等指标的研究,确定几项指标的标准检验方法。结果与结论：建立了远志种子检验规程。     

瓜子金发酵总皂苷的抗炎镇痛活性

目的:研究瓜子金发酵液中所含总皂苷的抗炎镇痛活性。方法:提取瓜子金发酵液中的总皂苷,采用二甲苯诱导小鼠耳廓肿胀试验模型和腹腔毛细血管通透性试验观察抗炎作用;采用小鼠扭体和热板试验观察镇痛作用;采用最大耐受剂量法进行急性毒性试验,观察小鼠出现的毒性反应和剂量毒性效应的关系。结果:瓜子金发酵总皂苷对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、冰醋酸致腹腔毛细血管通透性增高均有明显的抑制作用;能减少冰醋酸刺激致痛小鼠的扭体次数及提高热板致痛小鼠的痛阈值;小鼠灌胃最大耐受剂量13.3g.kg-1,相当于临床用量的100倍。结论:瓜子金发酵总皂苷具有显著的抗炎、镇痛作用,且毒性较低。     

荆芥炭止血活性成分及其制剂的研究

对荆芥炭的乙醇提取物STE经乙醚再次提取后的产物M及经石油醚提取后进行柱层析的产物A、B、C、D的止血作用进行了研究。结果表明,组分A和M均为荆芥炭止血的活性成分之一。同时以M为相对标准品,对止血Ⅰ号胶囊中所含M进行含量测定。     

p53基因导致心肌细胞凋亡及其机制探讨

目的 探讨野生型ｐ５３基因与心肌细胞凋亡的关系及其可能的发生机制。方法 把野生型ｐ５３基因重组腺病毒转入体外培养的心肌细胞中,采用流式细胞计数仪（ＦＣＭ）,透射电镜等实验方法检测细胞凋亡并分析其作用机制。结果 重组腺病毒能有效地将ｐ５３基因转入心肌细胞中;转入的ｐ５３基因可以导致心肌细胞体积变小、胞浆浓缩、核固缩、染色质边集,引起细胞Ｇ１期阻滞。结论 野生型ｐ５３基因可以导致心肌细胞凋亡。并能影响细胞周期,以上结果为进一步研究心肌疾病的发病机制及其治疗提供了重要实验依据。