传统哲学智慧与医学人文道德服务层次的提升

构建医学人文道德服务体系，首先需要克服的是资本的逻辑。技术化和商业化时代表现出“冷漠”的社会特征，其背后却是受资本逻辑的主宰，而资本的逻辑，又是从西方传统中孕育而生、扩张而成的。中国传统哲学作为另一种精神追求和智慧形态，为审视和驾驭资本逻辑提供了重要思想资源，为提升人文道德服务层次提供了有益的启示。     

哲学与精神病学研究的新视野

2014年6月26～29日,第十六届世界哲学、精神病学与心理学大会在保加利亚召开,近百名来自世界各地的哲学家、精神病学家和临床医生、神经科学家、心理学家与会探讨哲学与精神病学的关联和发展,精神病学哲学问题,以及与临床精神疾病预防、诊断和治疗相关的各种理论和实践问题。本文围绕三个主题评述大会呈现的精神病学与哲学研究的新视野：精神病诊断中的“有效性”（Validity）问题,现象学中的“缘身性”（Embodiment）与移情（Empathy）理论、维特根斯坦的哲学观对于精神病学临床实践的方法论启发。     

Ordinary Tales from Endoscopic Odysseys: Fiction,ethics, and the gastroenterological journey

Fiction (i.e. novels, short stories, and movies) provides an opportunity for imaginative moral reflection and can serve as a basis for moral argument. Narratives play a role in moral reasoning because they are exemplars as well as tests. Those who care for sick people, should be interested in patient's and literary stories. Exploring the representation of gastroenterological ailments in fiction gives insight in the experience of undergoing colonoscopy, farting, pain, the borders of intimacy, hygiene and the lack of it, taboos and the doctor-patient-relationship. Included authors are, among others: Michel Faber, Alan Bennett, Charles Bukowski, Charlotte Roche and James Joyce. Several movies are discussed as well. Though in general gastroenterological problems don't seem often at foreground in fiction, in some cases they are represented in a more symbolic way, and touch upon some fundamental aspects of the human condition.     

Passions et Radicalités : Nouvelles formulations et dynamique sociétale

It is a conceptual approach to the notion of passion, its evolution over time. The methodology is based on the analysis of original texts and the search for terms and themes that persist in contemporary thought. The author analyses the appearance of the link between passion and madness since ancient philosophers and the persistence of the relationship to reason and subcategories of passions, such as hatred and can inform terrorism-related radicalizations. The author analyses the appearance of the link between passion and madness from ancient philosophers and the persistence of the relationship to the reason of subcategories of passions such as hatred and radicalities. Initially focused on the individual, we see the extension of its use towards the group with the notion of social passion. An affective state dominating the life of an individual's mind, passion is subsequently analyzed successively as subordinate to reason and likely to become a form of madness among the Stoics. The theological–political power will cause them to be regarded as attitudes of incapacity and disobedience to the divine law. Viewed first as an opinion, the passage to the medical and alienist current leads to the characterization of nosographic entity before the particular context of radical thoughts and the questioning of religious and philosophical radicalities is emphasized. The analyses of doctors and alienists will reflect the conceptions of their time but will gradually emerge from the religious context. The relation to the rational and the true will be restored in the analysis of the delusions in the 19th century. The analysis of radical thoughts and radicalities will be late and will include the passage from individual passions to collective passions and social passions.     

Finding faults: How moral dilemmas illuminate cognitive structure

Philosophy is rife with intractable moral dilemmas. We propose that these debates often exist because competing psychological systems yield different answers to the same problem. Consequently, philosophical debate points to the natural fault lines between dissociable psychological mechanisms, and as such provides a useful guide for cognitive neuroscience. We present two case studies from recent research into moral judgment: dilemmas concerning whether to harm a person in order to save several others, and whether to punish individuals for harms caused accidentally. Finally, we analyze two features of mental conflict that apparently contribute to philosophical discord: the insistence that one answer to a problem must be correct (“non-negotiability”) and the absence of an independent means of determining the correct answer (“non-adjudicability”). Fiery Cushman thanks the Mind/Brain/Behavior Initiative for its generous support during the preparation of this work.      

鱼市哲学对护理文化建设的启示

本文阐述了笔者所在三级甲等综合性医院门诊护士配比不足的现状,以及在此现状下门诊护理的工作现状,分析了导致门诊护士工作倦怠的原因。阐述医院文化对员工管理的作用,继而在门诊护理管理过程中倡导鱼市哲学,培育门诊护理文化所产生的积极作用。通过一年的实践,对改善门诊护士执业倦怠,提高门诊护士工作满意度,进而提高患者就诊满意度起到了积极的作用。     

论先秦儒家生命观

儒家在生命追求、生命原则、生命实践等问题上的基本观点构成儒家生命观的体系.先秦儒家生命观的主要内容包括：生命追求—修养仁德,精神不朽;生命原则—仁爱、公义、诚信、和谐;生命实践—择善固执.先秦儒家生命观的当代价值体现在主张“天人合一”、“天人合德”,追求人与自然的和谐;主张“仁”,追求人与社会和谐;主张“修养仁德”“养身侍为”,追求人与自身和谐.     

中西医学思维模式探析

中医西医的差异源于其思维模式的不同,形成过程各有其深刻的哲学背景。中医强调整体性,着眼于你体综合功能状态以及各种因素的关联,而综合功能状态的变化可以在多空间中表示出来,因此,中医可称为多维医学。     

中医学中的哲学思想与中医学发展及其历史局限性

中医学是建立在传统的朴素的唯物辩证法之上的医学理论体系。这些哲学思想对中医学的形成和发展起着决定性作用。但是随着西医学与现代科学的发展,越来越感到建立在传统的哲学思想上的中医理论体系正在严重地束缚着中医学的发展,对这些建立在传统的朴素的唯物辩证法之上的医学理论体系应重新定位。     

呼吸内科疾病史与临床教学及引发的哲理

医学发展史蕴藏着深厚的哲学思想.疾病史教学有助于认识疾病发展的动态过程,获得科学的认识论和思维方法.疾病史中辨证的哲学思想能更好地培养出具有科学思维观的新型医学人才,以适应现代医学发展的需要.