99Tcm-PnAO-硝基咪唑和99Tcm-HL91对乏氧心肌的实验研究

目的 探讨＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＰｎＡＯ－硝基咪唑和＾９９Ｔｃ＾ｍ－ＨＬ９１２种乏氧心肌显像剂用于实验性心肌缺血、缺氧的作用。方法 进行小鼠体内分布与离体大鼠心脏模型研究,以９５％Ｏ２和５％ＣＯ２平衡的Ｋｒｅｂｓ－Ｈｅｎｓｅｌｅｉｔ缓冲液进行主动脉逆行灌注为对照组;以Ｎ２取代Ｏ２和ＣＯ２平衡的Ｋｒｅｂｓ－Ｈｅｎｓｅｌｅｉｔ缓冲液进行逆行灌注为乏氧组;以９５％Ｏ２和５％ＣＯ２平衡的Ｋｅｒｂｓ－Ｈｅｎｓｅｌ     

男性不育患者生殖道溶脲脲原体感染对精液质量影响的研究

目的:了解男性不育患者生殖道溶脲脲原体感染情况,探讨男性不育患者生殖道溶脲脲原体感染对精液质量、附属性腺功能的影响及可能机制。方法:本研究对202例确诊的男性不育患者的精液标本进行溶脲脲原体培养,对精液参数及精浆α-葡萄糖苷酶、酸性磷酸酶和果糖进行检测,分析生殖道溶脲脲原体感染对精液参数及精浆生化指标的影响。结果:男性不育患者生殖道溶脲脲原体感染率为33.7%;生殖道溶脲脲原体感染阳性组和阴性组间精液量相差不显著[(2.93±1.32)mlvs(2.86±1.52)ml,P=0.774];阳性组精子密度较阴性组患者明显偏低[(84.37±52.92)×106/mlvs(101.90±43.90)×106/ml,P=0.025];阳性组精子活率较阴性组患者明显偏低[(44.62±22.13)%vs(51.83±19.88)%,P=0.036];阳性组患者精子活力明显低于阴性患者[(38.40±15.61)%vs(44.45±15.47)%,P=0.020];两组精液pH值均在正常值范围内,但阳性组明显高于阴性组(7.32±0.10vs7.19±0.29,P=0.003);阳性组与阴性组除侧摆幅度、向前运动、直线运动和摆动性等4项指标相差不显著外,对曲线运动性、直线速度、平均路径速度、平均移动角度)和鞭打频率等5项指标均有影响;阳性组精浆α-葡萄糖苷酶较阴性组明显降低[(40.0±18.7)U/mlvs(47.9±21.0)U/ml,P=0.026],Uu感染阳性组α-葡萄糖苷酶降低的相对危险性是阴性组的2.12倍;两组间精浆酸性磷酸酶和果糖水平无统计学差异(P均>0.05)。结论:在男性不育患者中,生殖道溶脲脲原体感染是精液质量下降的重要危险因素;生殖道溶脲脲原体感染可导致附睾分泌α-葡萄糖苷酶下降,但对前列腺酸性磷酸酶及果糖无明显影响,而这种感染对前列腺和精囊危害相对有限。     

6%羟乙基淀粉200/0.5的药代动力学研究

目的 研究择期手术中单次静脉输注6%羟乙基淀粉200/0.5(HES 200/0.5)的药代动力学.方法 选择10例接受择期手术的患者,ASA Ⅰ级,在15 min内静脉输入10 ml/kg的HES200/0.5,应用蒽酮比色方法测定输注后相应时点血清中HES 200/0.5的浓度,并采用3P97软件计算其药代动力学参数.选择二室模型权重为1时计算药代动力学参数最符合HES 200/0.5的体内特点.结果 所测药代动力学参数如下:t1/2α=3.25 h,t1/2β=163.9 h,K10=0.0877,K12=0.1195,K21=0.0102,Vd=2.164,Cl(s)=0.18985,AUC=52.67 mg·h-1·ml-1.结论 术中单次静脉输注10 ml/kg HES 200/0.5后,血药浓度一时间曲线符合二室模型,血管内停留时间充足,分布半衰期较长.     

Pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine in monkeys after oral and intramuscular administration: relation to efficacy in kidney allografting

In cynomolgus and rhesus monkeys, the dose-normalized exposure of cyclosporine administered orally as microemulsion preconcentrate (Neoral) was lower than that upon intramuscular administration. For oral administration, mean values ( ± SD) of C_max, 24-h area-under-the curve (AUC) and 24-h trough level, all normalized for a 1 mg/kg dose, were 20 ± 9 ng kg/mg ml, 210 ± 70 ng h kg/mg ml and 2.6 ± 0.9 ng kg/mg ml, respectively. For intramuscular administration, levels were about 5.5-fold, 9-fold and 22-fold higher. Based on pharmacokinetic data, the efficacy of oral cyclosporine treatment (without any other immunosuppressant) was evaluated in life-supporting cynomolgus monkey kidney allotransplantation. Rejection-free kidney allograft survival could be achieved using oral cyclosporine monotherapy with average 24-h trough concentrations above 100 ng/ml during maintenance treatment. Typically, daily oral doses of 100 mg/kg–150 mg/kg during the first two weeks post-transplantation, followed by daily 30 mg/kg–100 mg/kg dose levels during subsequent maintenance can result in long-term allograft survival, with 24-h average trough levels in individual animals during maintenance between 110 ng/ml and 700 ng/ml. Received: 1 October 1997 Revised: 20 April 2001 Accepted: 7 June 2001     

良性前列腺增生中医证型与尿动力学参数相关性研究

目的:探讨良性前列腺增生(BPH)中医证型与尿动力学参数的相关性。方法:152例BPH患者,中医辨证分为肾阴不足、肾阳虚弱、瘀阻水道、脾气虚弱、肺热气郁、湿热下注、痰浊郁结七型,均进行尿动力学检查。结果:152例BPH患者中,肾阳虚弱型71例(46.71%),瘀阻水道型40例(26.31%),肾阴不足型14例(9.21%)。膀胱出口梗阻为III～VI度肾阳虚弱型有58例,瘀阻水道型有38例,其中严重梗阻(V～VI)26例。膀胱逼尿肌收缩功能极弱中(n=12),肾阳虚弱型4例,占33.33%(4/12),瘀阻水道型7例,占58.33%(7/12);膀胱逼尿肌收缩功能弱者中(n=48),肾阳虚弱型为27例,占56.25%(27/48),瘀阻水道型17例,占35.42%(17/48)。结论:BPH中医各辨证分型与膀胱出口梗阻和膀胱逼尿肌收缩力有一定的相关性,从而为中医证型的量化和客观化提供相应的证据。     

患者低流量吸入地氟醚或异氟醚的药代动力学

目的比较腹部手术患者低流量吸入地氟醚或异氟醚的药代动力学。方法腹部手术患者40例,ASAⅠ级或Ⅱ级,年龄18～64岁,BMI＜35kg/m^2。随机分为2组（n=20）：地氟醚组（D组）和异氟醚组（Ⅰ组）。麻醉诱导后调节纯氧流量3L/min,术中调整挥发罐刻度,维持肺泡浓度（FA）0．8 MAC,稳定5min后纯氧流量改为1L/min。调节瑞芬太尼静脉输注速率,维持HR和BP波动幅度不超过基础值20%。手术结束时,停止吸入地氟醚或异氟醚,同时吸入纯氧3L/min。记录设定的吸入麻醉药浓度（FD）、吸入麻醉药浓度（FI）、FA/FI=1/2时间、FA/FAO=1/2时间（FAO为关闭挥发罐即时的肺泡浓度）,并计算各时点FA/FI、FA/FD。结果D组FA/FI=1/2时间及FA/FAO=1/2时间均较Ⅰ组缩短（P＜0．05）。低流量麻醉下,D组FD稳定,Ⅰ组FD波动较大。D组FA/FI、FA/FD上升速率较Ⅰ组快,且同一时点各比值D组均高于Ⅰ组。结论与异氟醚比较,腹部手术患者低流量吸入地氟醚时达到预定的肺泡浓度更迅速,可控性好,停止吸入时排泄较快。     

The dose–effect relationship in extracorporeal shock wave therapy: the optimal parameter for extracorporeal shock wave therapy

Background

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been demonstrated to have the angiogenic effect on ischemic tissue. We hypothesize that ESWT exerts the proangiogenesis effect with an energy density–dependent mode on the target cells.

Materials and methods

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) of rats were obtained by cultivation of bone marrow–derived mononuclear cells. EPCs were divided into five groups of different energy densities, and each group was furthermore subdivided into four groups of different shock numbers. Thus, there were 20 subgroups in total. The expressions of angiogenic factors, apoptotic factors, inflammation mediators, and chemotactic factors were examined, and the proliferation activity was measured after ESWT.

Results

When EPCs were treated with low-energy (0.04–0.13 mJ/mm²) shock wave, the expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, angiopoietin (Ang) 1, Ang-2, and B-cell lymphoma 2 increased and those of interleukin 6, fibroblast growth factor 2, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4, vascular endothelial growth factor a, Bcl-2-associated X protein, and caspase 3 decreased. stromal cell-derived factor 1 changed without statistical significance. When cells were treated with high-energy (0.16 mJ/mm²) shock wave, most of the expressions of cytokines declined except the apoptotic factors and fibroblast growth factor 2, and cells lead to apoptosis. The proliferation activity and the ratio of Ang-1/Ang-2 reached their peak values, when cells were treated with ESWT with the intensity ranging from 0.10–0.13 mJ/mm² and shock number ranging from 200–300 impulses. Meanwhile, a minimal value of the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was observed.

Conclusions

There is a dose–effect relationship in ESWT. The shock intensity ranging from 0.10–0.13 mJ/mm² and shock number ranging from 200–300 impulses were the optimal parameters for ESWT to treat cells in vitro.     

The relationship between spinopelvic parameters and clinical symptoms of severe isthmic spondylolisthesis: a prospective study of 64 patients

Purpose

To investigate the relationship between spinopelvic parameters and clinical symptoms for patients with severe isthmic spondylolisthesis.

Methods

A series of spinopelvic parameters were measured in 64 patients with L5 severe isthmic spondylolisthesis. The patients were divided into two groups according to Oswestry score obtained preoperatively, i.e. mild or severe low back pain group. T test was used to compare parameters between two groups, and multiple linear regression analysis was employed to investigate the association between parameters and Oswestry score.

Results

Compared with two group patients, parameters of spondylolisthesis grade, pelvic tilt (PT), lumbar lordosis (LL), T9 tilting angle (T9TA), sacro-femoral horizontal distance (SFHD), distance between perpendicular line through C7 and sacrum (SC7D), pelvic tilt/sacral slope (PT/SS), sacro-femoral horizontal distance/vertical distance (SFHD/SFVD), and lumbar lordosis/thoracic kyphosis (LL/TK) were significantly increased in severe low back pain group, while SS and SFVD were significantly decreased, and no significant difference was found for pelvic incidence (PI) and TK. The statistical analysis showed that spondylolisthesis grade, PT, SC7D, LL, SFHD, PT/SS, SFHD/SFVD, and LL/TK had a significant positive correlation with Oswestry score, with an order of spondylolisthesis grade > PT/SS > SC7D > PT > SFHD/SFVD > SFHD > LL/TK > LL. No significant correlation was found for PI, TK, T9TA with Oswestry score, while SS and SFVD had a significant negative correlation with Oswestry score, with an order of SS > SFVD.

Conclusions

The spinopelvic parameters (spondylolisthesis grade, SS, PT, SC7D, LL, SFVD, SFHD, PT/SS, SFHD/SFVD, LL/TK) are significantly correlated with clinical symptoms of severe isthmic spondylolisthesis in patients. The association of the exacerbation of low back pain with SS (correlation coefficient −0.981, strong) and SFVD (correlation coefficient −0.802, strong) is the most significant correlation.     

p53和nm23在结直肠癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨p53和nm23在结直肠癌组织中的表达与临床病理参数的相关性及临床意义。方法收集临床资料完整的196例结直肠癌病例,采用免疫组化SP法对p53和nm23表达情况进行检测,分析其相关及与肿瘤组织分化、转移及预后的关系。结果本研究发现p53、nm23表达与肿瘤的分化程度、淋巴结转移情况有密切联系(P0.05),与年龄、性别、病变位置无关(P0.05),p53、nm23在结直肠癌中的阳性表达呈负相关(r=-0.314)。结论联合检测p53和nm23蛋白表达有助于阐释结直肠癌发生发展、浸润转移的机制,并可作为评估结直肠癌恶性生物学行为及预后的参考指标。