鞍区颗粒细胞瘤

鞍区颗粒细胞瘤非常罕见,至今报道有症状的颗粒细胞瘤还不足５０例,文章回顾自１８９３发现鞍区颗粒细胞瘤经以来对颗细胞瘤的结构特点、组织起源的研究,以以及临床表现、诊断及鞍区颗粒细胞瘤的治疗     

大肠癌p16抑癌基因甲基化及与Dukes分期的关系

目的 检测大肠癌患者p16基因启动子CpG区甲基化的改变,探讨其与大肠癌发生、发展和临床资料的关系。方法 采用甲基化特异PCR技术（MSP法）研究58例大肠癌标本p16基因甲基化改变,分析临床病理资料。结果 25例标本（43．1％）呈p16 CpG区甲基化阳性;Dukes C、D期病人p16 CpG区甲基化发生率（75％）明显高于Dukes A、B期病人（13．3％）。结论 p16启动子区甲基化导致p16抑癌基因失活参与了大肠癌的发生和发展;p16甲基化可以作为估计大肠癌病人预后的一个指标。     

甲胎蛋白启动子调控表达p53基因的肝癌细胞靶向性基因治疗？…

目的 利用含有人甲胎蛋白启动子的腺相关病毒载体,构建能在人肝癌细胞株中特异表达目的的基因的质粒。方法 通过设计含有特定酶切点位点的引物,选择性地从人基因组中扩增出人甲胎蛋启动子（ＡＦＰ ｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｒ）主列并克琶含有绿色荧光蛋白（ＧＦＰ报基因的质粒,ｐＲＴ－ＵＦ５上,构建成含报告基因的重组腺相关病毒质粒ｒＡＡＶ－ＡＦＰ－ＧＦＰ转染表达ＡＦＰ的Ｈｅｐ Ｇ２细胞株和不表达ＡＦＰ的２９３因的质粒ｒＡＡ     

Primary anorectal malignant melanoma: Report of a case

(Received for publication on Aug. 18, 1997; accepted on May 15, 1998)     

丙型肝炎病毒分片段抗体与HCVRNA的检测分析

目的探讨丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)分片段抗体(HCV-C,HCV-NS3,HCV-NS4,HCV-NS5)对丙肝的诊断价值。方法对ELISA法抗-HCV总抗体阳性的55份阳性血清及80份可疑血清再进行分片段抗体ELISA检测及RT-PCR。结果55份ELISA法抗-HCV总抗体阳性血清经分片段抗体ELISA检测后,抗-NS3、抗-C的检出率最高,分别为96.4%、89.1%;两个以上片段检测结果阳性的血清有54份,与RT-PCR结果(HCVRNA阳性52份)高度符合。80份可疑血清中10份抗-C和抗-NS3同时阳性和9份HCVRNA阳性。结论HCV分片段抗体ELISA法有很高的敏感性和特异性,与RT-PCR法基本一致。抗-NS3、抗-C在HCV的诊断中有重要的意义,抗-NS5和抗-NS4有诊断的互补作用。     

Complexity of the immunoglobulin light chain V kappa 1 gene family in the New Zealand black mouse

The immunoglobulin light chain V kappa 1 gene family is polymorphic in murine inbred strains and this family has been subdivided into five sub-groups (V kappa 1A-E). The V kappa 1A sub-group contributes to approximately 2% of the total serum immunoglobulin light chains in several mouse strains. However, it has been reported that this sub-group is absent in New Zealand Black (NZB) mouse serum. Amino acid sequencing of myeloma proteins from this inbred mouse has shown that they belong to the V kappa 1B sub-group. We report here the structure of nine functional germline genes from NZB mice that have high homologies to the V kappa 1A, V kappa 1B, V kappa 1C, and V kappa 1D sub-groups. In addition, a novel germline gene representing the prototype of a new sub-group (designated V kappa 1F) has been identified. We have isolated different V kappa 1 germline genes from a single restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) fragment, as well as identical V genes from two different RFLP migrating bands. Therefore, the complexity of the genes encoding the immunoglobulin variable region cannot be determined solely by RFLP analysis. Nucleotide sequence analysis of 16 V kappa 1 genes which code for NZB autoantibodies indicate that they belong to five different V kappa 1 sub-groups with five hybridomas (31%) expressing the V kappa 1A sub-group. Comparison of the sequences of V kappa 1 genes expressed in hybridomas with corresponding germline genes show no somatic mutations.     

Cystic lesions of the pineal region – MRI and pathology

Pineal lesions are rare. Tumours in this location comprise 0.4–1 % of intracranial tumours. They grow mainly as solid-mass lesions, and cystic tumours are not common. On MRI, a cystic configuration is associated usually with non-neoplastic pineal lesions rather than with a tumour, but analysis does not allow cystic pineal tumours to be distinguished from glial cysts with certainty. We compared neuroradiological and pathological data from 13 cystic pineal lesions, analysing preoperative MRI. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded surgical specimens were stained routinely and immunocytochemically, using the streptavidin-biotin-complex method. Histology revealed six pineocytomas, four glial cysts, an arachnoid cyst, a low-grade astrocytoma and a teratoma. Signal characteristics of pineocytomas were similar in many respects to those of glial pineal cysts. Histomorphological analysis allowed unambiguous discrimination between pineocytomas and glial pineal cysts. Received: 19 July 1999/Accepted: 3 September 1999     

药物经济学在亚太地区的发展与应用

目的:为我国药品相关政策制订提供借鉴。方法:介绍药物经济学在亚太地区的发展并比较其在药品定价及补偿相关政策 中的应用。结果与结论:药物经济学可作为药品定价和补偿的参考依据。