血清唾液酸含量诊断胃疾病探讨

测定慢性浅表性胃炎１５例,萎缩性胃炎５例,胃溃疡１５例,胃癌９例患者血唾液酸（ＳＡ）的含量。结果表明在４组胃疾病中,胃癌、胃溃疡ＳＡ比慢性浅表性胃炎高。经统计学处理（方差分析）差别有高度显著性（Ｆ＝９１７,Ｐ＜００１）。结论：定期测定ＳＡ含量,对胃部疾患的随访和病情变化有着重要意义。     

Penicillium peritonitis in an adolescent receiving chronic peritoneal dialysis

A 19-year-old female on chronic peritoneal dialysis developed acute peritonitis; multiple peritoneal fluid and catheter tip cultures yielded Penicillium species. She promptly responded to catheter removal and intravenous amphotericin B, followed by oral fluconazole, without further recurrences 1 year later. This is the first reported case of Penicillium peritonitis in the pediatric population. We review the microbiology and clinical spectrum of this disease, as well as the few previous reported cases in adults. Received: 2 November 1998 / Revised: 1 February 1999 / Accepted: 4 February 1999     

不同生物相容性的透析膜对红细胞免疫功能的影响

目的：了解血液透析病人透析过程中红细胞免疫功能指标的动态改变及不同生物相容性的透析膜对其变化的影响。方法：分别采用铜仿膜（Ｃｕ膜）、聚砜膜（ＰＳ膜）、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯膜（ＰＭＭＡ膜）,观察了透析过程中不同时相的红细胞免疫功能指标ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂ和ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ的变化。结果：尿毒症病人的 ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂ显著下降, ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ显著增高。透析开始后,早期 ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂ进一步下降,其后逐渐上升;而 ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ早期逐渐增加,其后逐渐稳定。结论：Ｃｕ膜能明显地影响红细胞的免疫功能; Ｐｓ膜次之; ＰＭＭＡ膜对其影响最小。     

国产宁红欣配合腹膜透析治疗肾性贫血的疗效观察

采用国产的ＥＰＯ（宁红欣）配合腹膜透析治疗肾性贫血。将３０ 例尿毒症患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,结果显示：２月后治疗组血红蛋白（Ｈｂ）和红细胞压积（ＨＣＴ）显著增高（Ｐ分别小于０．０１,０．０５）,而对照组治疗结果无显著差异（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）。提示：国产ＥＰＯ对肾性贫血治疗有效。     

Weak effects of local and systemic administration of the GABA uptake inhibitor,SK&F 89976, on extracellular GABA in the rat striatum

Summary The effects of local and systemic administration of the potent GABA uptake inhibitor, SK&F 89976, on GABA overflow from the striatum of conscious rats were investigated in brain dialysis experiments. Administration of the compound via the dialysis probe at concentrations of 25 or 100 gmol/l significantly increased basal GABA overflow about 2-fold. Overflow evoked by 104 mmol/l K⁺ remained unaltered at the lower and was almost doubled at the higher concentration; this increase did, however, not reach statistical significance.Given systemically at 50 mg/kg i.p., a dose which is severalfold higher than those which exhibit anticonvulsant effects, SK&F 89976 caused a significant enhancement of K⁺-stimulated GABA overflow by about a factor of 2; the lower dose of 20 mg/kg i.p. was not effective. Basal GABA overflow was not significantly increased by either dose. These results suggest that the marked effects of nipecotic acid on basal GABA overflow reported by several authors seem to be related to GABA displacement rather than uptake inhibition, and that uptake inhibition does not improve the interpretability of measurements of GABA release by brain dialysis. They neither support the idea that the relative insensitivity of extracellular GABA to low Ca²⁺ and tetrodotoxin is indirectly due to very efficient removal of GABA by neuronal and/or glial uptake, leaving only residual amounts to be measured. Send offprint requests to P. Waldmeier at the above address     

绝育术后盆腔痛患者血浆、腹腔液中甾体激素与前列腺素相关性研究

本文测定绝育术后盆腔痛患者44例、输卵管绝育术后行输卵管复通术11例和正常妇女15例血浆与腹腔液中的甾体激素及前列腺素水平。结果发现:血中E_2与PGF_(2α)呈明显正相关,与TXB_2呈负相关,而P则与PGF_(2α)呈明显负相关;腹腔液中E_2与PGF_(2α)、TXB_2呈负相关。盆腔痛患者,包括异位症、无明显病变盆腔痛和盆腔静脉瘀血症3组的某种PG水平高于其他组。结果表明:血与腹腔液中PGs受甾体激素的影响,绝育术后慢性盆腔痛与PGs有关。     

阿莫西林对格列美脲血浆蛋白结合率的影响

目的 研究阿莫西林对格列美脲蛋白结合率的影响。方法 采用平衡透析法结合高效液相色谱法，比较未加和加入阿莫西林后格列美脲的血浆蛋白结合率。结果 4种浓度下，单用格列美脲时的血浆蛋白结合率分别为94.2％、92.8％、91．4％、91．0％；与阿莫西林合用时，格列美脲的血浆蛋白结合率依次变为90．9％、89．0％、89．6％、90．0％。结论 与阿莫西林合用后，格列美脲的血浆蛋白结合率下降。     

Intravenous glycerol therapy should not be used in patients with unrecognized fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency

BACKGROUND: In Asian countries, glycerol solution that contains fructose (5%) is often used for management of brain edema. However, glycerol and fructose may cause severe hypoglycemia and metabolic acidosis in patients with fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) deficiency, even under stable conditions. The aim of the present study was to determine whether glycerol solution was used for brain edema during acute metabolic decompensation of hypoglycemia and metabolic acidosis in patients with unrecognized FBPase deficiency in Japan and to examine a long-term prognosis of the patients who had this kind of severe metabolic decompensation with or without glycerol therapy. METHODS: A retrospective study of 20 children with FBPase deficiency was conducted, based on their medical records. RESULTS: Six of the 20 children were given glycerol solution for the presence or possibility of brain edema during acute metabolic decompensation of hypoglycemia and metabolic acidosis; two of the six patients administered with glycerol were given dialysis. In four patients treated with glycerol alone without dialysis, two had no brain edema before glycerol administration but it developed later after the administration. These four patients treated with glycerol alone died or developed severe neurological complications. Fourteen patients who were not treated with glycerol solution had no brain edema and showed good prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Glycerol solution, which contains fructose in Asian countries including Japan, should not be used as an osmotic agent for treatment of brain edema in patients who have hypoglycemia and retention-type metabolic acidosis, until FBPase deficiency is ruled out by measuring blood concentration of lactate.     

99Tcm-HMPAO-WBC显像对女性可疑腹部感染性疾病的诊断应用

目的 评价炎症显像剂^99Tc^m-HMPAO-WBC对女性可疑腹部感染性疾病的诊断价值。方法 对ll例怀疑有腹部感染的女性惠者行^99Tc^m-HMPAO-WBC显像，显像时间为注入显像后120min、180min。结果 ll例患者7例阳性，4例阴性。对比手术、内镜检查以及6个月随访结果，假阳性1例，无假阴性。^99Tc^m-HMPAO-WBC显像对女性可疑腹部感染性疾病的敏感性、特异性和准确率分别为100％、80％和90．9％。结论^99Tc^m-HMPAO-WBC显像是一种敏感、准确的早期诊断和鉴别女性可疑腹部感染性疾病的方法。     

Hemodialysis in elderly patients

International Urology and Nephrology -