Relationship between depression,weight, and patient satisfaction 2 years after bariatric surgery

BackgroundFindings regarding longer term symptoms of depression and the impact of depression on outcomes such as weight loss and patient satisfaction, are mixed or lacking.ObjectivesThis study sought to understand the relationship between depression, weight loss, and patient satisfaction in the two years after bariatric surgery.SettingThis study used data from a multi-institutional, statewide quality improvement collaborative of 45 different bariatric surgery sites.MethodsParticipants included patients (N = 1991) who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG) between 2015–2018. Participants self-reported symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-8 [PHQ-8]), satisfaction with surgery, and weight presurgery and 1 year and 2 years postsurgery.ResultsCompared to presurgery, fewer patients’ PHQ-8 scores indicated clinically significant depression (PHQ-8≥10) at 1 year (P < .001; 14.3% versus 5.1%) and 2 years postsurgery (P < .0001; 8.7%). There was a significant increase in the prevalence of clinical depression from the first to second year postsurgery (P < .0001; 5.1% versus 8.7%). Higher PHQ-8 at baseline was related to less weight loss (%Total Weight Loss [%TWL] and %Excess Weight Loss [%EWL]) at 1 year postsurgery (P < .001), with a trend toward statistical significance at 2 years (P = .06). Postoperative depression was related to lower %TWL and %EWL, and less reduction in body mass index (BMI) at 1 year (P < .001) and 2 years (P < .0001). Baseline and postoperative depression were associated with lower patient satisfaction at both postoperative time points.ConclusionsThis study suggests improvements in depression up to 2 years postbariatric surgery, although it appears that the prevalence of depression increases after the first year. Depression, both pre- and postbariatric surgery, may impact weight loss and patient satisfaction.     

“微信+全程慢病管理”模式对慢性肾脏病3~4期疗效研究

目的探讨“微信+全程慢病管理”模式对慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)3~4期的疗效。方法回顾性研究上海中医药大学附属龙华医院分院肾病科于2018年1月至2019年3月收治的CKD患者72例,根据患者健康管理模式的不同分为常规组36例,微信组36例。常规组给予常规管理模式干预,微信组给予微信+全程慢病管理模式干预。所有病例随访时间1年。观察比较两组患者干预前后血清白蛋白、血钾、血磷、血红蛋白、24 h尿蛋白定量、肾小球滤过率以及干预后有效率、生活质量、疾病认识、用药依从性、饮食依从性、满意度情况。结果(1)两组患者在干预后,血液及尿液指标均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05),同时微信组血液及尿液指标明显优于常规组(P<0.05)。(2)微信组有效率(94.44%)明显高于常规组有效率(77.78%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)干预后,两组患者在生活质量方面比较,微信组患者的心理障碍、生活状况及自理能力3项评分均显著高于常规组(P<0.05)。(4)微信组患者疾病认识率、用药依从率及饮食依从率均明显高于常规组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(5)微信组患者对微信+全程慢病管理模式满意度(94.44%)显著高于常规组满意度(80.56%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论微信+全程慢病管理模式针对患者的不同疾病程度,进行早期干预,能够达到更好的宣教结果、更有效的预防肾脏疾病,延缓肾脏病的进展。     

How does French initial osteopathic training value relational competency,patient education,and the competency-based approach? A cross-sectional survey

BackgroundDespite the promotion of international osteopathic recommendations and registration guidelines, relational competencies and patient education practices present a challenge in the clinical setting due to lack of training. In France, the latest national osteopathic standards for education and practice defined a relational competency that includes patient education. Little is known about its integration in curricula and how French osteopathic practitioners are subsequently trained for relational competency.ObjectiveTo determine teaching, learning, and assessment methods related to relational competency in French initial osteopathic training programs and identify the role of patient education in this relational competency.MethodsAn online questionnaire was designed and sent to all initial training institutes in France (n = 28). Eight institutes answered the survey.ResultsThe relational competencies appeared in various courses, enhanced by clinical learning. However, the courses were not specific to this competency and the volume of hours was relatively low. Patient education was seen as part of relational competency but was poorly implemented. This competency-based approach is still considered an emerging practice in these institutes.ConclusionsThere is a misalignment among intended learning outcomes, teaching, and assessment. Current educational practices are not sufficient to support relational competency, specifically regarding patient education. Further research is needed on how French standards are understood, how they are assimilated by educators, and how they are translated into educational practice. In addition, the adequacy of educators' training for effective implementation of the competency-based approach should be questioned.     

Predictors of clinical outcomes after non-operative management of symptomatic full-thickness rotator cuff tears

BACKGROUNDPrevious studies have shown that non-surgical management can be an effective treatment strategy for many patients with rotator cuff tears. Despite the prevalence of rotator cuff disease, few studies have examined the patient and tear related factors that predict outcomes of nonsurgical management in this cohort of patients.AIMTo identify factors that are associated with changes in patient reported outcomes over time in individuals with full-thickness rotator cuff tears treated without surgery. METHODSA cohort of 59 patients who underwent non-surgical management of full thickness rotator cuff tears with a minimum of 1-year follow-up were identified from our institutional registry. Patient demographics, comorbidities and tear characteristics were collected at initial presentation. Outcome measures were collected at baseline and at each clinical follow-up, which included Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) index, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Visual Analog Scale for pain and Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation. Multi- and univariate regression analyses were used to determine the impact of each patient and tear related variable on final WORC scores and change in WORC scores throughout the study. RESULTSIn this non-surgical cohort, all patient-reported outcome measures significantly improved compared to baseline at 1 and 2-year follow-up. There was no significant difference in outcomes between 1 and 2 years. The average improvement surpassed the published minimal clinically important differences values for WORC, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons, Visual Analog Scale pain and Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation scores. Regression analysis identified female gender (β = - 19.88, P = 0.003), smoking (β = -29.98, P = 0.014) and significant subscapularis fatty infiltration (β = -15.35, P = 0.024) as predictors of less favorable WORC scores at 1 year, and female gender (β = -19.09, P = 0.015) alone as a predictor of lower WORC scores at 2 years. Patients with symptom duration greater than 1 year at presentation reported less improvement in WORC scores at 1-year follow-up (β = -14.63, P = 0.052) and patients with traumatic tears reported greater improvements in WORC scores at 2-year follow-up (β = 17.37, P = 0.031). CONCLUSIONPatients with full thickness rotator cuff tears can achieve and maintain clinically meaningful benefit from non-surgical management through 2-year follow-up. Female patients, smokers, and those with significant subscapularis fatty infiltration tend to have lower overall WORC scores at 1-year follow-up, and females also have lower WORC scores at 2-year follow-up. Patients presenting with symptoms greater than 1 year had less clinical improvement at 1-year follow-up, and those with traumatic tears had greater clinical improvement at 2-year follow-up.     

健康素养在脑卒中患者积极度与自我管理行为间的中介效应

目的 探讨脑卒中患者健康素养、患者积极度和自我管理行为的现状,明确三个变量间关系,并探讨健康素养在患者积极度与自我管理行为间的中介效应。方法 采用一般资料问卷、慢性病健康素养调查量表、患者积极度量表、脑卒中自我管理行为调查问卷对河南省4所三级甲等医院就诊的223名脑卒中患者进行调查。结果 脑卒中患者健康素养得分为（82.30±15.28）分,自我管理行为得分为（40.89±9.74）分,患者积极度得分为（45.21±11.30）分。脑卒中患者健康素养、自我管理行为与患者积极度三个变量间呈正相关（r值分别为0.622、0.479、0.457,且均P<0.01）;且健康素养在患者积极度与自我管理行为间起显著部分中介效应,中介效应占总效应的53.79%。结论 脑卒中患者健康素养、患者积极度可预测其自我管理行为,且患者积极度既可直接影响自我管理行为,也可通过健康素养间接影响自我管理行为。     

Dose to patients through nuclear medicine procedures in a department in northern Greece

Diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures in a large hospital in northern Greece during 1984–1988 have been surveyed in order to estimate the radiation burden to the patients. The mean effective dose equivalent (EDE) was found to be 1.96 mSv/examination and 2.46 mSv/patient, allowing for the fact that a number of patients underwent more than one examination. Apart from EDE, absorbed dose has been calculated for bone marrow, thyroid, gonads, kidneys and bladder. Patients undergoing multiple examinations have been used to calculate true patient dose distribution as well as patient time-weighted dose distribution. Because of the predominance of renal examinations, 8.5 fatal renal malignancies are expected per 100000 patients.     

穴位体表电刺激对术后PCEA的强化效应

目的　观察穴位体表电刺激对术后患者硬膜外自控镇痛（PCEA）效果、镇痛药用量、血清皮质醇浓度和不良反应的影响。方法　 选择经腹全宫切除术患者40例（ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级）,随机分成二组,每组20例。A组：于术后第4,8小时 Han's各刺激30 min,术后行PCEA。B组：单纯行术后PCEA（对照组）。术后随访镇痛效果、镇静评分、布氏舒适评分（BCS）,分段记录24 h镇痛药用量及总按压次数/实进次数（D1/D2）比值,血清皮质醇含量,肛门恢复排气时间和不良反应情况。结果　两组镇痛效果满意,A组BCS评分高于B组（P＜0.05）。A组镇痛药用量为（31.7±1.9）ml,与对照组（34.2±2.1）ml相比差异有显著性（P＜0.01）。血清皮质醇浓度两组均较术前下降,但A组术后8 h的下降幅度大于对照组。A组恢复肛门排气时间快于B组,而且恶心、呕吐与对照组相比有所减少。结论　术后患者硬膜外腔自控镇痛（PCEA）复合应用穴位体表电刺激,可增强镇痛效果,减少用药量,降低不良反应,是安全有效的复合镇痛方法。     

对当前医患关系的再认识

医患关系在是规范浪潮冲击下出现了一些新的特征,同时也为医患双方提出了新的要求,作为医务人员一方应主动建立以病人为中心,充分新生病人权力的医疗服务体系,用主尚的医德医风去缔结医患关系。     

分娩镇痛的临床观察

目的 探讨布比卡因硬膜外自控镇痛和罗湃卡因蛛风膜下腔－硬膜外自控镇痛用于分娩的效果及对产程、母婴的影响。方法 ９０例初产妇分为３组,布比卡因硬膜外自控镇痛组（Ａ组,ｎ＝３０）、罗哌卡因蛛网膜下腔－硬膜外自控镇痛组（Ｂ组,ｎ＝３０）和对照组（Ｃ组,ｎ＝３０,未行分娩镇痛）,观察各组镇痛效果、产程时间、分娩方式血清皮质醇及新生儿Ａｐｇａｒ评分情况。结果 Ａ,Ｂ组镇痛效果满意,以Ｂ组为佳两组 产程未血清