过敏性休克中干扰素-γ表达的意义研究

目的观察过敏性休克致死患者心脏、肺脏、肾脏、肝脏和脾脏中干扰素-γ蛋白水平的表达变化，探讨在过敏性休克中可能的作用机制。方法收集2006年2月至2007年10月经法医鉴定中心鉴定，尸体解剖及组织学检验符合过敏性休克患者12例（男7例，女5例，年龄3-65岁）。取其心脏、肺脏、肾脏、肝脏和脾脏组织；随机收集同期15例无病外伤所致的意外死亡者（男8例，女7例，年龄12-55岁）同类脏器组织作为正常对照。HE染色行病理检查，采用免疫组化法检测IFN-γ表达部位。结果病理切片HE示：过敏性休克组中可见各脏器的广泛淤血，间质血管充血，肺脏可见嗜酸性粒细胞。肾脏肾小球部分玻璃样变性或纤维化。肾小管上皮轻度自溶。肝脏部分肝细胞脂肪变性。各脏器中IFN-γ表达水平均较正常组增高，差异具有统计学意义。结论IFN-γ可能参与过敏性休克的病理生理过程。     

关注颅脑创伤

简要复习了有关颅脑创伤(TB I)的基础与临床的一些近况,对其流行病学、病理生理、诊断新法、预后及救治作了简述,其中对脑缺血、钙超载、脑肿胀、轴索损伤等影响预后的因素作了介绍。     

肠易激综合征研究若干进展

随着脊髓相关疾病、“脑-肠互动”和神经免疫机制研究的深入,及客观评价IBS患者感觉传入通路和大脑信息处理过程的新技术的广泛应用,中枢神经系统在内脏感觉中的确切作用等研究有了一定的进展。     

病理生理学双语教学的实践与探讨

病理生理学双语教学是教学改革的趋势。青海大学医学院对2006级5年制临床医学专业学生实施《病理生理学》双语教学,取得了一定经验,摸索出了比较合适的双语教材和课堂教学模式。     

从青年教师角度谈病理生理学教学质量的提高

病理生理学是一门非常重要的医学基础理论课,与基础医学中多学科和临床医学中多学科都密切交叉,在基础学科与临床学科间起着沟通连接的＂桥梁＂作用。对于医学生来说,这门学科的学习可以为今后临床学科的学习打下良好的基础,所以学好这门学科具有重要意义。文章介绍了教学过程中需要注意的问题：主要集中在认真的课前备课,良好的学期开始,优良的教学手段,丰富的临床知识等方面。只要在以后的教学中从各个方面特别是这几个方面严格要求自己,相信教师的教学素质可以不断提高。     

肥厚梗阻型心肌病的研究进展

肥厚型心肌病（HCM）是以心肌非对称性肥厚、心室腔变小为特征,以左心室血液充盈受阻、舒张期顺应性下降为基本病变的原发性心肌病,易发生较严重心律失常,约50%的患者发生猝死（SD）。目前,HCM通常被认为是一种基因突变所导致的常染色体显性遗传性疾病,已报道的相关突变超过900种,主要有β肌球蛋白重链基因、肌球蛋白结合蛋白C基因、心脏肌钙蛋白T基因等13个心脏肌节蛋白基因以及相关的线粒体基因,临床表型多样。通过药物和非药物治疗可以减轻患者症状、改善功能和生活质量。本文就肥厚梗阻型心肌病（HOCM）的致病分子机制、病理生理、梗阻机制及诊治的研究进展作一全面的综述。     

Allostatic load associations to acute, 3-year and 6-year prospective depressive symptoms in healthy older adults

Allostatic load represents the strain that chronic stress exerts on interconnected biological systems. Associated algorithms are related to numerous deleterious physical outcomes in older populations, and yet few studies have assessed associations to mental health outcomes like geriatric depression. Using data from the Douglas Hospital Longitudinal Study of Normal and Pathological Aging, we assessed whether using an allostatic load index derived from seven biomarkers could detect self-rated depressive symptoms in 58 healthy older adults followed longitudinally over a 6-year period. Our results revealed that increased allostatic load was associated with increased depressive symptoms on the same year of assessment. After 3 years, AL was prospectively associated with depressive symptoms, but entering age and sex as covariates attenuated this effect to a trend. Only age emerged as a significant predictor of depressive symptoms over 6 years. These findings suggest that increased AL in older age is only associated with depressive symptomatology acutely. Over longer periods of time, however, the physical and psychological sequelae of advanced age may contribute to increased depressive symptoms via pathways otherwise undetectable using allostatic load indices of sub-clinical physiological dysregulations.     

脓毒症的病理生理学研究进展

脓毒症是一组与严重感染相关的综合征。正常的宿主对于感染的反应比较复杂,其能够识别和控制侵袭性病原体,并迅速地开始组织修复。此时机体的细胞免疫和体液免疫都被激活,导致发生抗炎和促炎性反应。如果这些机制没有得到很好的控制,导致恶化,则会出现一系列的变化而导致脓毒症的发生,并促进大量的介质释放,进而发展为多器官功能障碍。目前,尽管对于脓毒症的病理生理途径和进程有了很多的认识,但其发病率和病死率仍然很高。     

Effect of Korean red ginseng extract in a steroid-induced polycystic ovary murine model

Experimental induction of polycystic ovary (PCO) in rodent resembling some aspects of human PCO syndrome was produced using the long-acting compound estradiol valerate (EV). Our previous study on the role of Korean red ginseng total saponins in a steroid-induced PCO rat model demonstrated that electro-acupuncture modulates nerve growth factor (NGF) concentration in the ovaries. In fact, the involvement of a neurogenic component in the pathology of PCO-related ovarian dysfunction is preceded by an increase in sympathetic outflow to the ovaries. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Korean red ginseng extract (KRGE) administration modulates sympathetic nerve activity in PCO-induced rats. This was done by analyzing NGF protein and NGF mRNA expression involved in the pathophysiological process underlying steroid-induced PCO. EV injection resulted in significantly higher ovarian NGF protein and NGF mRNA expression in PCO-induced rats compared to control rats, and PCO ovaries were counteracted by KRGE administration with significantly lower expression of NGF protein and NGF mRNA compared to EV treated ovaries. These results indicate that EV modulates the neurotrophic state of the ovaries, which may be a component of the pathological process by which EV induces cyst formation and anovulation in rodents. The first two authors contributed equally to this work.