乳腺癌骨髓微转移状况与ER PR VEGF 及Cath-D等因子的关系

目的:检测乳腺癌骨髓组织CK19 mRNA的表达,判断骨髓微转移状况,探讨其与各因子的关系.方法:采用RT-PCR法(一步法)检测骨髓组织中CK19 mRNA表达;用免疫组化SP法检测乳腺癌组织中ER、PR、Cath-D、C-erbB-2及VEGF的表达.结果:102例乳腺癌患者骨髓组织CK19 mRNA表达阳性率56.9%.骨髓CK19 mRNA表达随乳腺癌组织中ER及PR蛋白表达增强而降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);随Cath-D、VEGF蛋白表达增强而呈增高趋势(P＜0.005,P＜0.05);但与C-erbB-2表达状况无关.结论:乳腺癌骨髓微转移与癌组织中某些生物学因子表达有关;这些因子决定癌细胞的生物学行为.     

核因子-κB p65在宫颈癌组织中的表达及意义

 目的　探讨NF κBp6 5蛋白在宫颈鳞癌及宫颈腺癌组织中表达的意义。 方法　采用免疫组织化学方法 ,用NF κBp6 5单克隆抗体检测 6 4例宫颈鳞癌组织 ,6例宫颈腺癌组织 ,11例宫颈上皮内瘤样病变 (CIN)组织 ,16例慢性宫颈炎组织中NF κBp6 5的表达。 结果　NF κBp6 5在宫颈鳞癌和腺癌中的阳性表达明显高于CIN和慢性宫颈炎组织 ,有淋巴转移的癌组织中NF κBp6 5的阳性表达率高于无淋巴转移的癌组织。结论　NF κBp6 5蛋白在宫颈癌的发生发展中起重要作用     

皮肤光老化动物模型的建立

目的:应用中波紫外线(UVB 290-320nm)照射无毛鼠,观察UVB对无毛鼠皮肤纹理、表皮、及真皮基质的影响,建立皮肤光老化动物模型,为临床防治皮肤光老化打下基础。方法:应用皮肤图像分析系统、皮肤组织学及特殊染色方法,对接受中波紫外线照射20周的无毛鼠进行皮肤纹理、表皮、真皮、基底膜、粘多糖、胶原纤维、弹性纤维进行对比观察。结果:无毛鼠经UVB照射20周、总计量5.9J/cm2,皮肤出现粗糙,皮纹加深、加宽。皮肤增厚,表皮增生、伴有角化过度及角化不全。真皮水肿,纤维母细胞增生,弥漫性单核细胞、肥大细胞、嗜中性白细胞侵润。基底膜不规则增厚。胶原含量减少,染色变浅,胶原纤维明显变性,均质化,形成片、块状,变性的胶原纤维延伸至真皮深层。弹性纤维增多变粗,部分增生的弹性纤维聚集、断裂、缠结。结论:中波紫外线引起的皮肤损害是一个慢性炎症过程。真皮及真皮基质的改变是紫外线引起皮肤光老化的病理基础。中波紫外线照射后的无毛鼠的皮肤所发生的变化与临床皮肤光老化疾病一致,因此该模型是较为理想的研究皮肤光老化的动物模型。     

Peripheral blood circulating cytokeratin-19 mRNA-positive cells after the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with operable breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the molecular detection of cytokeratin 19 (CK-19) mRNA-positive cells in the peripheral blood of women with operable breast cancer after the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Blood from 161 patients with stage I and II breast cancer, obtained after the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy, was tested by nested RT-PCR for CK-19 mRNA detection. Using univariate and multivariate analyses possible interactions with other prognostic factors and association of CK-19 mRNA detection with risk of relapse, disease-free interval (DFI) and overall survival were investigated. RESULTS: After completion of adjuvant chemotherapy, 27.3% of patients had peripheral blood CK-19 mRNA-positive cells; there was no association of this finding with any other prognostic factors or the type of chemotherapy regimen used. For patients with less than four involved axillary lymph nodes the risk of relapse was 3.81 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-13.71] times higher, and the DFI was significantly reduced (P = 0.028) if CK-19 mRNA-positive cells were detectable in the blood after the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy. In contrast, for patients with four or more involved lymph nodes, the presence of CK-19 mRNA-positive cells after adjuvant chemotherapy did not significantly affect the risk of relapse or DFI. Furthermore, the risk of relapse was higher (hazards ratio 3.70; 95% CI 1.09-13.89) and the DFI was reduced (P = 0.022) for patients with detectable CK-19 mRNA-positive cells following adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CMF) as compared with epirubicin, cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil (FEC) or sequential taxotere-epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (T/EC) chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of CK-19 mRNA-positive cells in the peripheral blood after adjuvant chemotherapy may be of clinical relevance for patients with early breast cancer and less than four involved axillary lymph nodes.     

Prognostic molecular markers for planning adjuvant chemotherapy trials in Dukes' B colorectal cancer patients: how much evidence is enough?

The benefit of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with Dukes' B colorectal cancer is still uncertain and its routine use is not recommended. Prognostic biomarkers may be useful for identifying high-risk patients with resected, node-negative disease, and this stratification may represent an innovative strategy for designing adjuvant chemotherapy trials. Featured prognostic molecular markers can be divided into the following categories: cell proliferation indices (Ki-67, Mib-1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen); oncogenes/tumor suppressor genes [p53, K-ras, Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC), Bcl-2, c-erbB2]; DNA repair (microsatellite instability); markers of angiogenesis (vascular count, vascular endothelial growth factor); markers of invasion/metastasis (plasminogen-related molecules, matrix metalloproteinases); and biochemical markers (thymidylate synthase). Studies that have investigated their prognostic role in Dukes' B colorectal cancer patients are reviewed here. Current data do not provide sufficient evidence for the incorporation of available prognostic biomarkers into clinical practice. However, a biomarker-based approach could be an effective strategy for improving results of postoperative adjuvant treatments in high-risk Dukes' B colorectal cancer patients. Markers of altered DCC function have shown promising prognostic role and sufficient prevalence in retrospective investigations and they deserve further assessment in prospective studies.     

单磷酸阿糖腺苷治疗慢性乙型肝炎32例研究

目的 研究单磷酸阿糖腺苷在慢性乙型肝炎中的应用情况。方法 62例慢性乙型肝炎患者随机分为A、B两组，A组采用还原性各胱甘肽、甘草酸二胺等治疗2个月，B组在此基础上加用单磷酸阿糖腺苷治疗28d，病程2个月时监测血清TBiL、DBiL、ALT、AST、HBeAg、HBV DNA。结果 B组TBiL、ALT、AST、HBeAg、HBV DNA较A组明显下降。结论 单磷酸阿糖腺苷可较好地治疗慢性乙型肝炎。     

国产重组酵母乙肝疫苗对成人的免疫效果

目的:了解国产重组酵母乙肝疫苗(YDV)5μg和10μg对成人的安全性和免疫学效果.方法:199例研究对象随机分为2组,分别接受YDV 5μg和10μg,每人每月肌内注射1次,共3次(全程免疫)后1个月,进行免疫效果观察.检测血清乙肝表面抗体阳转率和乙肝表面抗体平均几何滴度(GMT),并观察2组的不良反应.结果:研究对象中未发现中、重度的局部和全身不良反应.接种5μg和10μg疫苗组的乙肝表面抗体阳转率分别为89.25%及98.11%;乙肝表面抗体GMT分别为18.88及54.47mIU·mL-1,2组的GMT差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论:YDV成人免疫是安全的,10μg YDV抗乙肝表面抗体的GMT明显高于5μg YDV.     

维生素B_(12)市场透析

目的 :掌握维生素B12 的市场现状及发展趋势。方法 :对维生素B12 国内、外生产和销售情况进行分析。结果与结论 :我国维生素B12 市场潜力巨大 ,制药企业应密切关注市场变化 ,完善自身条件 ,以求进一步发展     

静脉注射硝酸甘油诱导大鼠脑膜核因子-κB表达增强

目的观察偏头痛大鼠模型不同时相脑膜核因子-κB(NF-κB)的表达特征.方法采用静脉注射硝酸甘油(GTN)法建立大鼠偏头痛模型,应用免疫组织化学法观察对照组、GTN iv 后0.5,1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 4.0 h组脑膜NF-κB阳性染色细胞的分布,采用Western印迹法观察相应时间点脑膜核NF-κB的蛋白表达量.结果 GTN iv后0.5 h即出现大鼠脑膜NF-κB核阳性反应和核NF-κB蛋白表达量增高,1.5 h核NF-κB蛋白表达量达高峰,然后逐渐回落,至4 h接近正常水平.结论 GTN iv后早期脑膜呈时限性核NF-κB蛋白表达增强,提示NF-κB蛋白表达增强可能与偏头痛有关.