The detection of chemical impurities by high pressure liquid chromatography and the genetic activity of medical grades of pyrvinium pamoate inSaccharomyces cerevisiae andSalmonella typhimurium

The genetic activity of several medical grades of the anthelmintic drug pyrvinium pamoate, which is a dipyrvinium salt, was studied in a diploid mitotic recombination and gene conversion assay (strain D5 ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae), and in several haploid yeast reversion assays (strains XV185-14C, XY718-1A, and 7854-1A). All of the samples were recombinogenic in strain D5 and mutagenic in the haploid strains, however, the degree of genetic activity varied considerably among the medical grades of pyrvinium pamoate that were tested. Similarly, these samples varied in degree of mutagenicity when they were tested in strains TA97, TA98, TA100, and TA102 ofSalmonella typhimurium, but some of the medical grades of pyrvinium pamoate were mutagenic both in the presence and in the absence of the metabolic transformation system, whereas other medical grades of the drug required such activation to be mutagenic. In addition, the medical grades and dosage forms of several brands of pyrvinium pamoate were examined for purity by fluorescence high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a methanol:water (9010) solvent system. The HPLC data indicate that monopyrvinium salts are the major contaminants in these pharmaceuticals. In general, there is a correlation between the degree of genetic activity and toxicity, and the number and relative quantity of impurities found in each sample.     

分布式实时系统的一种转化设计方法

介绍了实时分布式系统的一种转化设计方法。系统的形式化需求规范用时段演算DC（Duration Calculus)描述,系统的设计用规范语言SL（Specification Language)表示。一组标准的转换规则可将系统从形式化需求规范转化为设计规范。系统设计的正确性可由转换过程本身得以保证。多用户多媒体通信系统的设计实例展示了转换设计方法的具体过程。     

Periprosthetic Tissue Reaction Independent of LTT Result and Implanted Materials in Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundAn allergic reaction may rarely cause a painful or stiff total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, no consensus diagnostic criteria for TKA immune failure exist. Lymphocyte transformation testing (LTT) measures immune sensitivity to various materials, but its role in diagnosing an allergic reaction to a TKA has not been established. This study compares TKA periprosthetic tissues in a) LTT-positive versus -negative patients and b) patients with conventional CoCrNi versus hypoallergenic implants.MethodsPeriprosthetic tissues from 26 revision cases of well-fixed, aseptic, but painful or stiff TKAs were analyzed. Twelve patients LTT positive for nickel (Ni) were matched as a cohort to 6 LTT-negative patients. In 4 patients LTT positive for Ni, tissue from first revision of CoCrNi implants was compared with tissue from subsequent revision of hypoallergenic implants. Histology was evaluated using the aseptic lymphocyte-dominated vasculitis-associated lesion (ALVAL) score.ResultsNo correlation was found between LTT and any ALVAL score component. The mean total ALVAL score was 3.8 ± 1.5 for LTT-negative patients and 3.3 ± 1.2 for LTT-positive patients (P = .44). The mean total ALVAL score at revision of CoCrNi implants was 3.0 ± 1.8 compared with 5.8 ± 0.5 at rerevision of hypoallergenic implants (P = .053).ConclusionPeriprosthetic TKA tissue reactions were indistinguishable between LTT-positive and -negative patients. LTT does not predict the periprosthetic tissue response. ALVAL scores of hypoallergenic revision implant tissue trended higher than primary CoCrNi implant tissue. A positive LTT may not indicate that a periprosthetic immune reaction is the cause of pain and stiffness after TKA.Level of Evidence3, retrospective cohort study.     

医药类高校科技成果转化管理机制对转化绩效的影响分析——以江苏省四所高校为例

目的:了解医药类高校科技成果转化管理机制对转化绩效的影响。方法:便利抽样,选取江苏省四所医药类高校(南京中医药大学、南京医科大学、中国药科大学、徐州医科大学)的413位科研人员进行问卷调查。结果:投入机制、评价机制、环境特征、激励机制与科技成果转化绩效呈正相关关系,而运行机制、个体特征对医药类院校科技成果转化绩效无显著性影响。结论:应完善多渠道、多元化的科技成果转化的投入机制,加大科技成果转化的激励力度,积极发挥评价机制的引领作用,并优化医药类高校科技成果转化的外部条件。     

墨旱莲乙酸乙酯总提物对T淋巴细胞功能的调节

目的 观察墨旱莲乙酸乙酯总提物（EAEEP）对T淋巴细胞介导的细胞免疫的影响。方法 采用正常小鼠及腹腔注射环磷酰胺造成免疫功能低下小鼠模型,观察EAEEP对外周血CD4^ ,CD8^ T淋巴细胞亚群比例、迟发性超敏反应（DTH）、ComA刺激的淋巴细胞平殖反应的影响。结果 EAEEP显著抑制正常小鼠的细胞免疫功能（正常组CD4^ T淋巴细胞比例为40．13％,EAEEP大剂量组降至30．87％）,而对于免疫功能低下模型鼠可显著促进细胞免疫功能（使免疫抑制组CD4^ T淋巴细胞比例由34．87％升至40．80％）。结论 墨旱莲乙酸乙酯总提物对T淋巴细胞介导的细胞免疫具有一定的免疫调节作用。     

周围神经损伤后免疫系统变化的动物实验观察

目的 :检测周围神经损伤后免疫系统的变化。方法 :用 MTT法检测了坐骨神经损伤 1 ,2 ,5,7和 1 4d的大鼠脾细胞 NK活性及淋巴细胞转化功能 ,并用 PEG沉淀法检测了大鼠血清中循环免疫复合物 (CIC)的含量。结果 :坐骨神经损伤后 7和 1 4d大鼠脾细胞的自发转化率较对照组 (同样手术应激但无坐骨神经损伤 )略有增高 ;循环免疫复合物的含量术后 7d明显增高 ,1 4d时增加明显 ;而 NK活性则无明显变化 ,后期变化如何尚待进一步研究。结论 :周围神经损伤后 ,机体发生了免疫变化。     

残胃贲门癌切除、空肠“9”字袢代胃及幽门重建术12例

目的探讨残胃贲门癌手术切除,消化道重建的方法。方法总结1989年8月至1999年12月12例残胃贲门癌切除、空肠“9”字袢代胃及幽门重建术的治疗经验。结果无手术死亡,无倾倒综合征,无返流性食管炎。钡剂在“9”字环内有循环,下方重建凼门处有钡荆停留。全组均随访,随访时间最长4年3个月,最短4个月。其中1年内死亡2例,1～2年死亡4例,2～3年死亡2例,另4例生活良好。结论术后并发症少,有抗返流作用,利于营养支持,病人生活质量较高。     

A versatile shuttle cosmid vector for the efficient construction of genomic libraries and for the cloning of fungal genes

A shuttle cosmid vector, pANsCos1, has been constructed for Escherichia coli and filamentous fungi. This vector contains two cos sequences separated by a single XbaI restriction site. pANsCos1 allows the efficient construction of representative genomic libraries from as little as 15–20 g of genomic DNA. Due to the presence of a functional hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene (hph) transformation of fungal protoplasts with pANsCos1, or derivatives of it, results in the formation of hygromycin B-resistant transformants. The T7 and T3 RNA polymerase promoter sequences flanking the cloning site, in combination with two adjacent NotI sites facilitate genomic walking and the rapid construction of restriction maps of cloned inserts.Dedicated to Professor Dr. K. Esser on the occasion of his 70th birthday     

Arthrogryposis,renal dysfunction and cholestasis syndrome: Report of five patients from three Italian families

We report on five patients from three families with neurogenic arthrogryposis, cholestasis and tubular renal dysfunction. Despite a similar clinical picture the liver histology showed a broad pathological spectrum, ranging from pigment storage to parenchymal giant cell transformation and ductopenia. The findings are compared with those of other cases from the literature in search of a correct nosology of the syndrome characterized by arthrogryposis, renal and liver disease.Conclusion We propose to consider the picture of arthrogryposis, renal tubular dysfunction and cholestasis as a single syndrome.