Oversulfated chondroitin sulfate interaction with heparin-binding proteins: New insights into adverse reactions from contaminated heparins

An oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) was identified as a contaminant to pharmaceutical heparin and severe anaphylactoid reactions were ascribed to this contaminant. An examination of the biochemistry underlying both the anticoagulant activity and the toxic effects of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate was undertaken. This study demonstrates that the anticoagulant activity of this oversulfated chondroitin sulfate is primarily dependent on heparin cofactor II mediated inhibition of thrombin. Heparin and oversulfated chondroitin sulfate binding to coagulation, kinin-kallikrein and complement proteins were studied by surface plasmon resonance. While oversulfated chondroitin sulfate binds tightly to antithrombin III, unlike heparin, OSCS does not induce antithrombin III to undergo the conformational change required for its inactivation of thrombin and factor Xa. In contrast to heparin, oversulfated chondroitin sulfate tightly binds factor XIIa suggesting a biochemical mechanism for the factor XIIa-based enhancement of vasoactive bradykinin production.     

凝血因子对肝硬化患者转归的预测价值

目的通过TT、PT、APTT、Fib、PLT的检测,预测肝硬化患者的转归。方法67例肝硬化患者,分别分成出血组28例,非出血组39例,按照Chad—Pu小分级法分戍A级27例,B级24例。c级16例。与60例正常组进行TT、pT、APTT、Fib、PLT检测值的组间、组内比较。结果在TT、PT、APTT、Fib、PLT检测中,出血组、非出血组与正常组,出血与非出血组比较均有显著差异（P〈0、01）。Child—Pu曲分级法分成A、B、C组与正常组组间比较有非常显著的差异（P〈0．01）。结论检测TT、PT、APTT、Fm、PLT能反映肝硬化的严重程度,由此可预示肝硬化患者的预后,协助临床医生采取有效的治疗措施,尽可能地挽救患者生命。     

Limited effects of beta-endorphin compared to loperamide or fentanyl in a neuroendocrine biomarker assay in non-human primates

The in vivo pharmacodynamics of the opioid neuropeptide beta-endorphin (a major endogenous agonist at the mu-opioid receptor) is difficult to determine in non-human primate models with translational value, or in humans. The present studies therefore employed a neuroendocrine biomarker assay, prolactin release, to systematically compare the in vivo profile of i.v. beta-endorphin (0.01-0.32 mg/kg; i.v.) in gonadally intact male rhesus monkeys (n=4) to that of the peripherally selective mu-agonist loperamide (0.01-0.32 mg/kg; i.v.) and the centrally penetrating mu-agonist fentanyl (0.0056-0.018 mg/kg; i.v.). Studies utilized a standardized time course design (measuring prolactin levels 5-120 min after agonist administration). Beta-endorphin displayed only limited effectiveness in causing prolactin release when tested over this 30-fold dose range, compared to loperamide or fentanyl. Furthermore, two of the four subjects were only minimally responsive to beta-endorphin. This differential responsiveness was not due to the presence of a previously described single nucleotide polymorphism at the OPRM1 gene (C77G), known to affect beta-endorphin pharmacodynamics in vitro. In vivo biotransformation studies with MALDI-mass spectrometry determined that full-length beta-endorphin was detectable in all subjects up to at least 5 min after i.v. administration. Thus, the relative ineffectiveness of i.v. beta-endorphin in this assay does not appear to be principally due to rapid generation of non-opioid fragments of this neuropeptide.     

Development of a rapid semi-quantitative immunochromatographic assay for serum hepatocyte growth factor and its usefulness in acute liver failure.

Measurement of serum human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is useful for the early diagnosis and prediction of prognosis of patients with acute liver failure (ALF). This ELISA methodology, however, is neither rapid nor convenient for use at the bedside. In this study, we have developed a rapid semi-quantitative immunochromatographic (IC) assay and evaluated its usefulness in assessing patients with acute hepatic injury. Only 100mul of serum is required; the assay can be easily completed in 20min. The values obtained using this novel assay correlated well with the values obtained using the standard ELISA protocol. In addition, the values obtained in the IC assay correlated with clinical course; increased serum HGF levels were associated with an increased frequency of ALF and death. These results indicate that this rapid semi-quantitative IC assay for HGF is useful for the early diagnosis of ALF and prediction of clinical outcome in acute hepatic injury.     

女性VDT作业人员个性特征研究

采用华西医科大学劳动卫生学教研室研制的系统化职业心理测量（ＯＰＴ）量表，对成都地区２０８名女性ＶＤＴ作业人员和２３３名对照人员的个性特征进行考察。按标准化ＯＰＴ方法实施测验和统计分析。结果表明ＶＤＴ对女性作业人员人格方面产生一定影响。随着平均每周接触ＶＤＴ作业时间的延长，人格倾向于悲观、情绪被动和保守；随着从事计算机年限的增加，人格倾向于乐观、严谨、传统     

A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Randomized Control Trial of a Tailored,Multifactorial Program to Prevent Falls Among the Community-Dwelling Elderly

Objective

To perform a cost-effectiveness analysis of a multifactorial, tailored intervention to reduce falls among a heterogeneous group of high-risk elderly people.

临床凝血-止血功能检验质控物的研制与应用

目前检测血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、凝血因子(Fib)所采用的质控物为进口冻干质控物,但由于其价格昂贵,许多基层实验室难以承受,因而影响了基层医院室内质控持续有效地开展。从实用出发,经过不断探索和比较分析,最终研究配制出了配方合理、成本低廉、效果好、结果稳定的液体凝血止血检验质控物。该质控物经过一年的室内质控应用及参加云南省临床检验中心凝血-止血功能项目室间质控活动,取得优秀成绩。说明该质控物质量均达到与进口冻干质控物同样的水平,完全可以替代进口冻干质控物,可应用于各级医院凝血—止血功能试验的实验室检测,达到提高检验质量的目的,并发挥良好的社会效益和经济效益。     

通过参加美国临床实验室室间质评提高寄生虫检查质量

目的 通过参加美国病理家学会（CAP）组织的寄生虫检查能力验证（PT）来评估实验室能力，为进一步提高实验室寄生虫检查的质量奠定基础。方法 将CAP发放的寄生虫能力验证标本于10个工作日内按要求与常规病人标本一起进行检查并通过网络将结果直接提交给CAP。结果 全年共检测CAP质控标本15份，所有回报结果正确率为100％。结论 通过参加CAP能力验证将该实验室的寄生虫检查标准化，并提高了实验室全体成员识别寄生虫的能力。     

新型单支锉根管预备系统对卵圆形根管成型和清理能力的对比研究

目的：比较 Reciproc（RE）、OneShape（OS）、ProTaper（PT）3种根管预备系统对卵圆形根管的清理和成型能力的差异。方法：选择57个离体下颌第一磨牙的远中根管,分组后分别用上述3种系统进行根管预备并记录操作时间,电镜下观察根管预备后根管壁上的碎屑和玷污层,比较3种系统对卵圆形根管的清理能力。在预备前后进行 Micro-CT 扫描,对比3种系统对卵圆形根管的成型能力。结果：根管预备后,扫描电镜下,根尖部评分显示 PT 组清理能力低于 RE 组和 OS 组（P ＜0．05）;根的冠部、中部无显著差异。三维根管重建图像分析显示,OS 组在预备前后根管形态各项参数（体积、表面积、范围、最大直径和最小直径）的改变量低于 RE 组和 PT 组（P ＜0．05）,PT 组预备前后的根管弯曲度改变量高于 RE 组和 OS 组（P ＜0．05）。RE 组和 OS 组的根管预备时间低于 PT 组（P ＜0．05）。结论：RE 和 OS 在根管预备效率、根管清理能力以及保持根管原始走向方面均优于 PT。OS 与 RE 在清理能力上无明显差异,而 OS 对根管的切割成型能力要低于 RE 和 PT。