神经肽P物质对肉芽组织成纤维细胞增殖及表皮生长因子基因表达的作用

目的：探讨感觉神经肽P物质（SP）对离体培养的肉芽组织成纤维细胞的促增殖作用及其对表皮生长因子（EGF）基因表达的调控作用。方法：采用MTT法测定SP对肉芽组织成纤维细胞的促增殖作用；采用逆转录－聚合酶链反应（RT－PCR）方法检测SP对成纤维细胞EGF基因表达的调控作用，观察时间及剂量－效应关系。结果：10^-9～10^-5mol/L的SP在体外对肉芽组织成纤维细胞均具有明显的促增殖作用（P＜0．01），且具有明显的剂量依赖性（γ=0.594,P＜0．01），EGF抗体只能部分抑制这一作用（与对照组比较，P＜0．01；与10^-7mol/L SP组比较，P＜0．05）。10^-7mol/L SP可诱导成纤维细胞EGF mRNA的表达，在作用后6h与对照组比较，差异有非常显著性意义（P＜0．01）；SP在10^-8～10^-6mol/L范围内可以显著促进成纤维细胞EGF mRNA表达，在10^-7mol/L达到峰值，当浓度＞10^-7mol/L时，其促EGF mRNA表达的效应强度随浓度升高而有所降低，至10^-5mol/L时与对照组比较，差异无显著性意义。结论：SP对肉芽组织成纤维细胞具有明显的促增殖作用，这种作用与其诱导成纤维细胞EGF表达有关。     

P38MAPK抑制剂对缺血/再灌注大鼠肾脏功能损伤的保护作用

目的：观察P38MAPK抑制剂对缺血／再灌注大鼠肾脏功能损伤的保护作用。方法：夹闭肾动脉制遣大鼠肾脏缺血／再灌注损伤动物模型，静脉注射P38MAPK抑制剂阻断P38MAPK信号转导通路，测量其对肾功能及细胞因子含量的影响。结果：肾脏和血浆中TNF—α和IL-β含量随缺血／再灌注时间的延长而升高，肾功能损伤也随缺血／再灌注时间的延长而加重。应用P38MAPK抑制剂可显著降低TNF-α和IL-β含量，对缺血／再灌注所致的肾功能损伤具有明显改善作用。结论：P38MAPK抑制剂可通过抑制致炎因子的产生而减轻缺血/再灌注所致的大鼠肾脏功能损伤。     

Association of a 70-kDa tyrosine phosphoprotein with the CD16:ζ:γ complex expressed in human natural killer cells

The CD16: ζ: γ receptor complex allows natural killer (NK) cells to recognize and eliminate antibody-coated target cells. Whereas the ectodomain of CD16 is the receptor for Fcγ domains of immunoglobulins, disulfide-linked homo- and heterodimers composed of ζ and γ are required for the cell surface expression, and signal transduction properties of the complex. Engagement of CD16 activates the tyrosine kinase pathway, which induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of several substrates, including the ζ subunit and the phospholipase C γ-1 and γ-2 isoforms. Here we show that CD 16 stimulation of either peripheral blood NK cells, leukemic NK cells, or Jurkat transformants expressing a CD16:ζ:γ receptor complex, results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of a 70 kDa ζ-associated protein (pp70). Similarly, a 70-kDa ζ-associated phosphoprotein in T cells has been shown to be a tyrosine kinase (ZAP-70). Peptide mapping analysis indicates that the 70-kDa ζ-associated phosphoproteins from T cells and NK cells are structurally indistinguishable. We conclude that the CD16:ζ:γ complex may use a ZAP-70-related non-receptor tyrosine kinase, in the CD16 signaling cascade leading to NK cell activation.     

Effects of Several Denervation Procedures on Distribution of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Substance P Immunoreactive in Rat Stomach

The effect of chemical deafferentation, vagotomy(VGX), and gangliosympathectomy (GSX) on the density offibers containing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)and substance P (Sub.P) in the rat gastric wall was studied. Chemical deafferentation bycapsaicin abolished the density of CGRP-immunoreactive(IR) fibers, not Sub.P-IR fibers. Ten days after VGX,the density of CGRP-IR or Sub.P-IR fibers in the mucosa was largely reduced, while no reductionof CGRP-IR and Sub.P-IR fibers was seen in submucosaland muscular layers. GSX significantly reduced thedensity of CGRP-IR fibers in the mucosa and caused a moderate decrease in the fibers in submucosaland muscular layers. Pretreatment with6-hydroxydopamine, a neurotoxin for noradrenergicnerves, did not affect the density of CGRP-IR fibers inthe gastric wall. The density of Sub.P-IR fibers in thegastric wall was not affected by GSX. These studiesindicate that the CGRP-IR and Sub.P-IR fibers in themucosa are susceptible to extrinsic nerve denervation compared with those in the submucosa and musclelayers, that a major portion of the CGRP-IR fibers inthe mucosa is of both vagal and spinal origin, and thata major portion of the Sub.P-IR fibers in the mucosa is of vagal origin. Furthermore, thepresent results support that CGRP-IR fibers, notSub.P-IR fibers, in the rat stomach arecapsaicin-sensitive.     

海风藤及其代用品药理作用的比较研究

选择经典的实验指标，对海风藤及其３种代用品山Ｊｕ，石楠藤有毛Ｊｕ的药理作用进行了比较研究，结果表明海风藤，山Ｊｕ和毛Ｊｕ在抗炎，镇痛和抗血小板聚集方面均有效，其中海风藤作用最强，其次为山Ｊｕ，毛Ｊｕ石楠藤没有明显的抗炎作用，其抗血小板聚集及止痛作用稍强于毛Ｊｕ。     

雷公藤生物碱的分离鉴定

我们从雷公藤（ＴｒｉｐｔｅｒｙｇｉｕｍＷｉｌｆｏｒｄｉｉＨｏｏｋ．ｆ．）中按常法分离得到总碱后经ＨＰＬＣ分析出现８个峰，经硅胶柱层析及硅胶ＲＰ－１８反相中压柱层析分离得到５个生物碱，由化学方法和光谱分析证明为雷公藤吉碱（Ｗｉｌｆｏｒｇｉｎｅ２０）．雷公藤次碱（Ｗｉｌｆｏｒｉｎｅ２１），雷公藤春碱（Ｗｉｌｆｏｒｔｒｉｎｅ２２），雷公藤碱戊（Ｗｉｌｆｏｒｉｄｉｎｅ２３），呋喃南蛇碱（Ｃｅｌａｆｕｒｉｎｅ１６）。ＨＰＬＣ分析指出含量最高为雷公藤吉碱，其次为呋喃南蛇碱。     

Metabolic myocardial viability assessment with iodine 123-16-iodo-3-methylhexadecanoic acid in recent myocardial infarction: Comparison with thallium-201 and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose

The best test presently available to ascertain residual viability within an infarct-related area involves the use of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) to detect the persistence of some cellular metabolism. Rest reinjection of thallium-201 is a less accurate alternative but is easy to perform. Iodinated fatty acids, which are used with standard gamma cameras, are proposed as markers of cellular metabolism. This study was performed to assess the value of 16-iodo-3-methyl-hexadecanoic acid (MIHA) as a marker of the residual cellular metabolism by comparison with FDG in patients with a recent myocardial infarction, and to evaluate its contribution compared with the²⁰¹Tl stress-redistribution-reinjection technique. Stress-redistribution-reinjection²⁰¹T1 imaging, rest MIHA imaging and glucoseloaded FDG imaging were performed in 22 patients with recent myocardial infarction. Out of the 628 myocardial segments obtained from the left ventricular analysis, 400 were hypoperfused (relative uptake <0.75 of maximum uptake on stress²⁰¹T1 imaging), 177 of which were severely hypoperfused (relative uptake <0.50). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for predicting metabolic myocardial viability with FDG were derived from the results in respect of (a)²⁰¹T1 activity during exercise, redistribution and reinjection and (b) MIHA up-take, using the two FDG thresholds most commonly considered to define metabolic viability (0.50 and 0.60). Analysis of the 400 hypoperfused segments demonstrated that²⁰¹T1 reinjection was the most accurate test in predicting the presence of myocardial viability (area under the ROI curves=0.85 and 0.86 at the 0.50 and 0.60 FDG thresholds, respectively;P<0.05 vs other tests). The global predictive values of MIHA and²⁰¹T1 reinjection were, respectively, 0.87 and 0.89 at the 0.50 FDG threshold (NS), and 0.82 and 0.87 at the 0.60 FDG threshold (NS). When only the 177 severely hypoperfused segments were considered,²⁰¹T1 reinjection remained the most accurate test (accuracy 0.84 at the 0.50 FDG threshold and 0.82 at the 0.60 FDG threshold), while the accuracy of MIHA decreased significantly (0.78 at the 0.50 FDG threshold and 0.73 at the 0.60 FDG threshold,P<0.05 vs²⁰¹T1 reinjection). In all circumstances, MIHA was less specific than²⁰¹T1 reinjection for the detection of metabolic viability. In conclusion, in patients with recent myocardial infarction, MIHA accurately detects the persistence of metabolic viability, but is not superior to²⁰¹T1.     

The isolated spinal cord-skin preparation of the newborn rat and effects of some algogenic and analgesic substances

We have developed an isolated spinal cord-skin preparation of the newborn rat. The spinal cord together with a piece of skin connected to the cord by the saphenous nerve was isolated from 1- to 4-day-old rats and separately superfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid in two neighbouring chambers. Potentials were recorded extracellularly from the third lumbar ventral root. Application of capsaicin (0.5-2 μM) or KCl (60–350 mM) with brief pressure pulses to the perfusion bath of the skin evoked a depolarizing response of 20- to 40-s duration in the ventral root. The response was depressed by [Met⁵]enkcphalin (0.03–3 μM). morphine (0.1–2 μM) and a tachykinin antagonist, [D-Arg¹,D-Trp^7,9,Leu¹¹] substance P (spantide), 1–10 μM), applied to the spinal cord by superfusion, whereas the response was augmented by centrally administered calcitonin gene-related peptide (0.1–0.2 μM) or bicuculline (0.5–1 μM).