镰形棘豆诱导人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721凋亡及初步的机制研究

目的:观察镰形棘豆总黄酮对人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721增殖的影响及初步的机制探讨.方法:不同剂量的镰形棘豆总黄酮处理SMMC-7721细胞24 h后,MTT法观察总黄酮对细胞增殖的抑制作用;应用光学和荧光显微镜观察总黄酮对SMMC-7721细胞形态的影响;应用流式细胞仪检测SMMC-7721细胞周期的变化;Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法检测总黄酮对SMMC-7721细胞凋亡的影响.结果:MTT实验结果表明,镰形棘豆总黄酮抑制SMMC-7721细胞的增殖,并呈现出一定的浓度依赖性.Hoechst33258染色结果显示,经镰形棘豆总黄酮处理的细胞出现了多种凋亡特征和超微结构的变化.镰形棘豆总黄酮作用SMMC-7721细胞后可观察到G1期细胞明显增多,凋亡细胞的比例升高,并且呈浓度依赖性.结论:镰形棘豆总黄酮抑制SMMC-7721细胞的增殖,与其诱导细胞周期阻滞和使细胞形态发生变化而引起细胞凋亡的活性有关.值得进一步深入研究和阐述镰形棘豆抗肿瘤的作用机制.     

川产家种与野生膜荚黄芪的生药学对比研究

本文通过对四川家种与野生膜荚黄芪(Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch)Bunge)根的性状、组织构造、化学成分预试薄层层析定性、游离氨基酸种类和含量的对比分析,结果表明:家种膜荚黄芪与野生膜荚黄芪质量基本一致,为发展四川黄芪资源提供了科学依据。     

Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies of Danshen injection in Sprague-Dawley rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge named Danshen in China has been used for hundreds of years in both China and other countries. Danshen injection made from the aqueous extract of Danshen which is widely adopted in China is one of the traditional Chinese medicine injections for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases in most of the time. The present study was carried out on re-evaluating the safety of Danshen injection by determining toxicity after acute and sub-chronic administration in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

Materials and methods

In acute toxicity study, rats (10 males and 10 females) were intravenously administered Danshen injection dose of 32 g/kg body weight, two times in one day. General behavior, adverse effects and mortality were recorded for up to 14 days post treatment. In the sub-chronic study, Danshen injection was given intravenously at the doses of 0, 1.92, 5.76, and 19.20 g/kg per day (n = 15/group each sex) for 13 weeks to rats. Animal body weight and food intakes were observed weekly. Hematological, biochemical parameters and organ weight were determined in all animals at the end of the 13-week administration and 2-week recovery. However, histological examinations were carried out in the control and high-dose groups only.

Results

In acute study, the sign of struggling was observed in some animals at the moment of intravenous administration. No deaths and other signs of toxicity occurred in any of the animals tested during the 14 days of the study. In sub-chronic study, Danshen injection did not result to death, adverse effects or dose-dependent changes in food consumption, but had an effect on body weight gain. Some statistically significant differences were observed in hematological and biochemical parameters, as well as in some organ weights of both male and female rats treated with Danshen injection. In these changes, the significant decrease in triglycerides and increase in total bilirubin were considered related to treatment, indicating the lipid-modulating activity of Danshen. Histopathological examinations of the injection site showed that Danshen injection could cause dose-dependent focal inflammation. There was no abnormality of other organs noted in both gross and histopathological examinations.

Conclusions

The results showed that acute or sub-chronic administration of Danshen injection was low or non-toxic in male and female rats, and the no-observed-adverse-effect-level for sub-chronic administration of Danshen injection dose was 5.76 g/kg bw/day, which was suggested that it was safe in clinical use.     

Antidiabetic effect of the total polyphenolic acids fraction from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in diabetic rats

An investigation was made to evaluate the therapeutic potential of the total polyphenolic acids fraction (PAF) from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in the type 2 diabetes mellitus rats model with an oral dose of 187 mg/kg for 28 days. The results showed that PAF induced a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting blood insulin (FINS), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and an obvious increase in insulin sensitivity index (ISI) in diabetic rats induced by a high fat diet and a low dose of streptozocin (STZ). These results suggested that PAF has antidiabetic potential in vivo. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

HPLC-ELSD法分析酸枣果中的白桦脂酸和熊果酸

目的 采用高效液相蒸发光检测器法对10个地区的野生酸枣果中的白桦脂酸和熊果酸进行研究.方法 WatersSunFire色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);流动相A为乙腈,B为0.3％乙酸水溶液(pH 2.8);洗脱程序为20％A(0min)-30％A (10 min)-60％A(20 min)-100％A (50 min).ELSD-UM 6000蒸发光检测器,数据采集为Trisep-2003软件.结果 10个地区酸枣果白桦脂酸质量分数范围为(3.97±0.04)-(7.35±0.18)mg/g,熊果酸质量分数范围为(5.73±o.23) ～(9.92±0.27)mg/g.聚类分析表明样品4、5、7、10、6、8、9有别于其他样品,归为一类.结论 本研究可为野生酸枣资源开发利用提供质量评价的依据.     

鲜丹参微波干燥实验研究

目的通过鲜丹参的微波干燥实验,研究真空微波干燥技术在中药材干燥加工的应用。方法采用真空微波干燥、户外晾晒、恒温鼓风烘烤三种方式干燥鲜丹参,并对制备样本活性成分含量进行测定分析。结果对比其他两种方式,真空微波干燥处理鲜丹参具有大幅缩短干燥周期,提高生产效率,降低活性成分损失等优势。结论真空微波干燥技术在鲜丹参的干燥方面具有良好的应用前景,同时具备节能、环保等社会效应。     

藏药镰形棘豆和轮叶棘豆的高效液相色谱指纹图谱分析

本文首次建立了藏药＂俄大夏＂的两种基源药材—镰形棘豆和轮叶棘豆的一种简单、灵敏、可靠的高效液相色谱指纹图谱分析方法,并对不同产地以及不同时间采集的药材进行了分析,结果显示镰形棘豆有19个共有指纹峰,轮叶棘豆有24个共有指纹峰,镰形棘豆和轮叶棘豆有11个共有指纹峰。通过对照品对照指认了两种药材中共有的7个指纹峰以及轮叶棘豆特有的1个指纹峰的化合物结构。研究结果表明两种药材尽管在化学成分上存在一定差异,但是其主要成分基本相同,因此从化学成分的角度上为两种药材均作为＂俄大夏＂入药提供了科学依据,同时也提示为了保证临床用药的疗效和一致性,有必要对这两种药材的化学和生物活性区别进行深入细致的研究。     

糙叶败酱中环烯醚萜苷元成分抗结肠癌作用的实验研究

目的:对白薇的化学成分、药理作用和临床应用的研究进展进行综述。方法:查阅近年来的有关文献。结果:白薇中含有C_(21)。甾体皂苷、白薇素、挥发油、强心苷以及微量元素等成分。具有清热凉血、利尿通淋、解毒疗疮等方面药理活性。结论:白薇具有广泛的药理活性,对其进一步研究和开发将具有重要意义。     

丹参与红花有效成分配伍对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的探究丹参与红花有效成分的不同配伍组方对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法选取成年雄性SD大鼠,通过大脑中动脉线栓法建立脑缺血再灌注模型,随机分成假手术组、模型组、阳性对照组(丹红注射液2 m L/kg)以及采用正交试验法L9(34)对丹参与红花主要有效成分[丹参素、丹酚酸A、丹酚酸B、羟基红花黄色素A(HYSA)]剂量配伍9组。大鼠尾iv给药,每天1次,连续给药3 d后进行神经功能缺损评分;实时荧光定量PCR法检测大鼠大脑皮层中葡萄糖调控蛋白78(GRP-78)、核转录因子-κB p65(NF-κB p65)、内质网源性转录因子(CHOP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)m RNA表达;HE染色检测大鼠大脑皮层病理变化;免疫组化法检测大鼠大脑皮层中NF-κB p65蛋白的表达情况。结果与模型组比较,丹红注射液、丹参与红花主要有效成分配伍可显著降低脑缺血再灌注大鼠的神经功能评分,使大鼠大脑皮层GRP-78 m RNA表达水平升高,NF-κB p65、CHOP、TNF-a、IL-6 m RNA表达水平降低,抑制大脑皮层中NF-κB p65蛋白表达。丹参与红花主要有效成分配伍9组中第4组(丹参素30 mg/kg、丹酚酸A 2.5 mg/kg、丹酚酸B 16mg/kg、HYSA 8 mg/kg)、第6组(丹参素30 mg/kg、丹酚酸A 10 mg/kg、丹酚酸B 8 mg/kg、HYSA 4 mg/kg)对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用更为显著。结论丹参与红花有效成分各配伍组方均能对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠内质网应激、炎症等方面起良好的保护作用。     

丹参提取过程多源信息融合建模方法研究

目的探索采用多源信息融合建模技术提高中药提取工艺模型的校正和预测性能。方法以丹参脂溶性成分乙醇提取过程为研究对象,收集不同来源丹参饮片模拟原料波动,采用实验设计(DOE)模拟工艺参数变化,以提取过程近红外光谱(NIRS)作为过程状态变量。采用HPLC法分析提取液中丹参酮ⅡA、隐丹参酮和丹参酮I的含量。将原料属性、工艺参数和过程状态变量组合为自变量,以提取液有效成分含量为因变量,采用偏最小二乘(PLS)法建立提取液质量预测模型。结果建模结果为丹参酮ⅡA交叉验证均方根误差(the root mean squared error of cross validation,RMSECV)为0.172 8 mg/g,预测均方根误差(the root mean squared error of prediction,RMSEP)为0.031 7 mg/g,性能偏差比(ratio of performance to deviation,RPD)为6.91;隐丹参酮RMSECV为0.153 4 mg/g,RMSEP为0.024 2 mg/g,RPD为4.02;丹参酮Ⅰ RMSECV为0.117 1 mg/g,RMSEP为0.043 2 mg/g,RPD为4.76。结论多源信息融合模型的校正和预测性能均优于常规模型,可有效提升丹参提取液质量可预测性和可控性。