Extracts of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge on the Cytokines of Rat Endometriosis Models

Endometriosis is a common mysterious and fascinating gynaecological condition with diverse clinical manifestations, highly variable and unpredictable clinical course with decreased quality of life. Clinically, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SMB, Chinese Danshen) has been applied to treat endometriosis and get satisfactory results. The present study was aimed to explore the effects of the extracts of SMB (ESMB) on the serum levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) and the levels of interleukin (IL)-13, IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the peritoneal fluids of rat endometriosis models. Three extraction methods for SMB were compared, which are the sample extracted with conventional method, the sample extracted with espresso coffee machine and the commercial condensed powder of natural products. We determined tanshinone IIA, salvianolic acid B and danshensu in the ESMB of different extraction methods. Forty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into ESMB group, Danazol (positive control) group, model group and the sham-operation group (Sham group). After all the treatment ended, the serum levels of CA125 and the levels of IL-13, IL-18 and TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluids of rat endometriosis models were measured using enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) as directed by the manufacturer. The extraction efficiency of the ESMB samples extracted with coffee machine ranged from 600µm to 710µm was the highest. The serum levels of CA-125 and the levels of IL-18 and TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluids of ESMB group, Danazol group and Sham group were significantly lower than those of the Model group (P<0.05). The serum levels of CA-125 and the levels of IL-18 and TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluids of Danazol group and ESMB group were significantly higher than those of Sham group, respectively (P<0.05), and no marked difference existed between them (P>0.05). The levels of IL-13 in the peritoneal fluids of ESMB group, Danazol group and Sham group were significantly higher than those of the Model group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-13 in the peritoneal fluids of ESMB group and Danazol group were significantly lower than those of Sham group (P<0.05), and there was no marked difference between ESMB group and Sham group (P>0.05). ESMB shows promises in treating endometriosis by markedly decreasing the serum levels of CA-125 and the levels of IL-18 and TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluids and significantly increasing the levels of IL-13 in the peritoneal fluids.     

小花棘豆中黄酮醇和黄酮醇甙的分离鉴定

从小花棘豆的地上部分分离到九个黄酮类化合物,鉴定了其中的五个为山奈酚,檞皮素,山奈酚-7-鼠李糖甙,山奈酚-3-葡萄糖甙和山奈酚-3-双葡萄搪甙。均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

泥胡菜化学成分的研究

从泥胡菜(Hemistepta lyrata Bunge)的地上部分和根中分得10个结晶成分,通过理化常数和光谱分析,其中7个被鉴定为金合欢素,山萘酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖(1→6)α-L-鼠李糖甙,芸香甙,蒲公英赛醇乙酸酯和异蒲公英赛醇乙酸酯,β-谷甾醇,碳三十一烷。     

文冠果果壳乙醇提取物对大鼠学习记忆障碍的改善作用

目的研究文冠果果壳乙醇提取物（EEHXS）对双侧颈总动脉结扎大鼠学习记忆障碍的改善作用及其作用机制。方法用DigBehv动物行为分析系统分析大鼠的自发活动，Y迷宫法及Morris水迷宫法测试大鼠的学习记忆能力，比色法检测大脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和丙二醛（MDA）、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AchE）的水平，尼氏染色观察海马组织形态学改变。结果模型组大鼠自发交替反应正确率、空间记忆能力和工作记忆能力显著降低，SOD活性显著下降，MDA和AchE水平显著升高，海马神经元变性、脱落；EEHXS显著改善大鼠的学习记忆能力、提高SOD活性、降低MDA和AchE水平，显著抑制海马神经元的变性及脱落。结论EEHXS对双侧颈总动脉结扎大鼠的学习障碍有显著的改善作用，其作用机制可能与改善胆碱能神经功能及降低自由基水平有关。     

A modified formulation of Chinese traditional medicine improves memory impairment and reduces Aβ level in the Tg-APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Ethnopharmacological relevance

SuHeXiang Wan (SHXW), a Chinese traditional medicine has been used orally for the treatment of seizures, infantile convulsion, stroke and so forth. Previously, we reported the effects of modified SHXW essential oil mixture of the fragrance containing herbs on the sedative effect, anticonvulsant property and antioxidative activity after fragrance inhalation.

Materials and Methods

This study was undertaken to evaluate beneficial effects of a modified recipe of SHXW (termed as KSOP1009) consisting of a ethanol extract of 8 herbs including resin of Liquidambar orientalis Miller, seed of Myristica fragrans Houtt., rhizome of Cnidium officinale Makino, lumber of Santalum album L., fructus of Piper longum L., flower buds of Eugenia caryophyllata Merrill et Perry, pollen of Typha orientalis Presl., and root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in the neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The transgenic mice of AD, Tg-APPswe/PS1dE9, were fed KSOP1009 or as a positive control, donepezil for 3 months from 4.5 months of age. Behavioral, immunological and ELISA analyses were used to assess memory impairment, Aβ accumulation and plaque deposition in the brain. Other in vitro works were performed to examine whether KSOP1009 inhibits the Aβ_1-42-induced neurotoxicity in human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y cells.

Results

Intake of KSOP1009 improved the Aβ-induced memory impairment and suppressed Aβ levels and plaque deposition in the brain of Tg-APPswe/PS1dE9 mice as much as that of donepezil treatment. KSOP1009 prevented the down-regulation of phospho-CREB and increased AKT phosphorylation in the AD-like brains. Moreover, KSOP1009 suppresses Aβ-induced apoptosis and ROS production in SH-SY5Y cells.

Conclusion

The present study suggests that KSOP1009 may develop as a therapeutic drug for treatment of AD patients.     

文冠果果壳乙醇提取物对大鼠学习记忆障碍的改善作用

目的研究文冠果果壳乙醇提取物（EEHXS）对双侧颈总动脉结扎大鼠学习记忆障碍的改善作用及其作用机制。方法用DigBehv动物行为分析系统分析大鼠的自发活动，Y迷宫法及Morris水迷宫法测试大鼠的学习记忆能力，比色法检测大脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和丙二醛（MDA）、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AchE）的水平，尼氏染色观察海马组织形态学改变。结果模型组大鼠自发交替反应正确率、空间记忆能力和工作记忆能力显著降低，SOD活性显著下降，MDA和AchE水平显著升高，海马神经元变性、脱落；EEHXS显著改善大鼠的学习记忆能力、提高SOD活性、降低MDA和AchE水平，显著抑制海马神经元的变性及脱落。结论EEHXS对双侧颈总动脉结扎大鼠的学习障碍有显著的改善作用，其作用机制可能与改善胆碱能神经功能及降低自由基水平有关。     

蔓生白薇中白薇新甙的分离和结构鉴定

中药白薇品种比较混乱,据谢宗万等考证,正品白薇应为萝藦科植物直立白薇(Cynanchum atratum Bunge)和蔓生白薇(C.versicolor Bunge)的根。张壮鑫等报道了直立白薇的C_(21)甾体成分,本文报道蔓生白薇的化学成分。     

一种膜荚黄芪凝集素的分离纯化研究

目的从膜荚黄芪根中分离纯化一种凝集素。方法通过硫酸铵分级沉淀和ConA-Sepharose4B亲和色谱从膜荚黄芪根浸提液中分离纯化一种凝集素。结果经过上述两步纯化得到电泳纯的凝集素,SDS-PAGE和Superdex75凝胶过滤色谱测定该凝集素的相对分子质量分别为3.15×104和3.35×104,糖蛋白染色显示其为糖蛋白,总糖的量为10.7%。结论从膜荚黄芪根中分离纯化得到一种凝集素,该蛋白为单亚基糖蛋白,具有对兔血红细胞的凝集活性,凝集活性的比活力为391.9U/mg。     

粘毛黄芩黄酮类成分的研究

粘毛黄芩Scutellaria viscidula Bunge为唇形科黄芩属植物,民间以其根或全草入药,谓其性味苦寒、具有清热、解毒、祛湿、止血的作用,最近临床报道该药对菌痢有显著疗效。鉴于粘毛黄芩的化学成分迄今未见报道,为此我们进行了较系统的研究,在生药的乙醚提取部分通过聚酰胺柱层析,获得8个黄酮甙元结晶,在其甲醇提取部分分离获得2个     

金莲花茎叶的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的 建立金莲花茎叶HPLC指纹图谱分析方法。方法 以荭草苷为对照品,采用Welch Materials Ultimate TMXB-C₁₈（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）色谱柱,以乙腈（A）-0.35%磷酸（B）梯度洗脱,0～25 min,15% A;25～60 min,15%～25% A;60～90 min,25%～30% A;90～110 min,30%～100% A;110～120 min,100% A;检测波长340 nm,体积流量为1.0 mL/min,柱温30 ℃;采用SPSS 19.0进行系统聚类分析。结果 建立金莲花茎叶的HPLC指纹图谱,标定22个共有峰,方法学考察结果符合指纹图谱技术要求;相似度和聚类分析结果表明,药材质量主要与其产地有关,同时与采集时间也有一定关系。结论 此研究方法稳定、可靠、重现性好,可用来控制金莲花茎叶的质量。