苣荬菜无机元素的分析

目的:分析苣荬菜中的无机元素.方法:采用美国Varian Spectra A30型原子吸收分光光度计测定.结果:表明苣荬菜中含有丰富的人体必需的无机元素.结论:苣荬菜有较高的开发利用价值.     

树突状细胞在感染性疾病免疫抑制中的作用

近年来越来越多的实验证明,DC不但有强大的免疫激活功能,而且在一些感染性疾病免疫抑制状态中DC发挥了重要作用,使感染向重症发展或病原体在体内广泛播散。本文将对DC在一些感染性疾病中免疫抑制方面的研究进展进行综述。     

Differentially modulated dendritic cells induce regulatory T cells with different characteristics

Dexamethason (DEX) treated DC display several features that establish them as candidates for specific allogeneic tolerance induction. We report the results of in vitro studies of polarization of the alloimmune T cell response with two types of differentially modulated human DC. Both DEX treated DC triggered by LPS for 6 h (DEX6-DC) and DEX treated DC triggered by LPS for 48 h (DEX48-DC) acquired low levels of costimulatory, adhesion, and MHC class II molecules compared with mature DC (mDC). In contrast to mDC, both DEX6-DC and DEX48-DC did not produce any IL-12. DEX6-DC were able to produce significant amounts of IL-10 whereas DEX48-DC did not actively produce IL-10. Conversely, the induction of IL-10 producing cells was significantly increased when PBL were stimulated with DEX48-DC compared with DEX6-DC. Both stimulation of PBL with DEX6-DC and DEX48-DC led to the induction of cell populations able to suppress the proliferative alloimmune response of primed T cells in a cell-cell contact independent and antigen-nonspecific manner. Tregs obtained after stimulation with DEX48-DC were also able to inhibit the IFN-gamma production of the effector cells and this effect could be blocked by anti-IL-10. Tregs induced by DEX6-DC produced similar amounts of IL-10, yet were not able to inhibit IFN-gamma production of the effector T cells, indicating a different mechanism. In summary, we show that differential modulation of DC results in the induction of different populations of regulatory T cells.     

Palliative dilation of esophageal carcinoma

The authors' experience with palliative dilation of 46 consecutive patients evaluated for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus was retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-nine of 46 patients (85%) underwent dilation in order to palliate symptoms, enable endoscopy and biopsy, or prepare for placement of an esophageal prosthesis. Thirty-two of the 46 patients (70%) were treated with radiation therapy and seven (15%) underwent placement of an esophageal prosthesis. Thirty-five of the 39 patients dilated (90%) noted improvement in swallowing, allowing resumption of a soft or regular diet. Complications were noted in three of the 39 patients dilated (8%). The authors conclude that peroral dilation is a safe, effective, and probably underutilized method of palliation in patients with squamous cell esophageal carcinoma.     

Endoscopic Nd:YAG laser therapy for active esophageal variceal bleeding. A randomized controlled study

A randomized controlled double-blind study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and safety of endoscopic neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser therapy for active esophageal variceal bleeding. Ten patients were randomized to the laser treatment group and 10 to a control group that received sham endoscopy and standard medical therapy. Initial hemostasis was achieved in seven laser-treated patients but in 0 of 10 controls receiving sham treatment (p less than 0.002). However, four of the seven who were initially controlled with laser therapy had rebleeding 12 to 48 hours later; thus, three of 10 laser patients had lasting hemostasis. The mean blood transfusion requirements were similar in both groups (laser = 7.3 units; control = 7.8 units). Six of the 10 laser-treated patients were discharged from the hospital and four died. There were seven hospital deaths in the control group and three patients were discharged (p = 0.22). In two patients in the treatment group, laser therapy increased bleeding. There were no perforations.     

Regulation of hepatic glycogen metabolism: effects of diabetes, insulin infusion, and pancreatic islet transplantation

Insulin-deficient diabetes mellitus results in diminished capacity of the liver to accumulate glycogen. One site of metabolic lesion in the diabetic liver is at the level of the synthase-activating enzyme, synthase phosphatase. This activity is progressively diminished with increasing severity of chemically induced diabetes in both soluble and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) associated subfractions. Insulin administration via an implanted miniosmotic pump or via intrahepatic islet transplantation increased synthase phosphatase activity, particularly in SER. Hepatic glycogen synthesis and accumulation was enhanced as well. The data support a role for insulin in maintenance of the ability of the liver to synthesize and accumulate glycogen mediated either directly or indirectly through SER-synthase phosphatase activity.     

六月雪提取物对小鼠免疫作用的影响

目的:研究六月雪提取物对免疫器官的影响.方法:称重法测定小鼠的体重和脾脏、胸腺重量.结果:六月雪提取物显著增加小鼠的体重和显著增加胸腺指数.结论:六月雪提取物能增加小鼠的体重和胸腺的重量.     

CD137信号对小鼠树突状细胞表面TLR4表达的调节

目的 探讨CD137（4-1BB）激发型单克隆抗体2A对小鼠未成熟树突状细胞株DC2.4表面TLR4表达的调节。方法 以流式细胞术检测不同剂量2A、LPS,或LPS预刺激后再加入2A等因素作用下,DC2.4表面的TLR4表达情况。结果 LPS下调TLR4表达,2A使DC2.4上TLR4表达上调,并拮抗LPS对TLR4的下调作用。LPS预处理后再加入2A,也拮抗LPS的下调作用。结论 CD137信号可以上调DC2.4表面TLR4的表达。     

DC2.4表面分子与RelB基因表达的关系

目的 探讨DC2.4表面分子表达水平与RelB基因表达间的关系.方法 用RPMI 1640完全培养液培养DC2.4细胞系,光学显微镜观察培养细胞的形态特征;透射电镜观察DC2.4的细胞结构;流式细胞术分析DC2.4的表面标记(MHC-Ⅱ、CD86和CD40);RT-PCR检测DC2.4的RelB表达水平.结果 光镜观察DC2.4细胞表面有明显的树突状突起,形态极不规则;透射电镜显示DC2.4细胞内含许多质地均匀的脂滴,可见吞噬小泡样的结构.流式细胞术显示MHC-Ⅱ类分子和CD40呈低水平表达,而CD86分子却呈高水平表达;RT-PCR结果显示RelB呈低水平表达,与骨髓源性DC中的未成熟状态DC的RelB表达水平接近.结论 DC2.4具有强吞噬功能,其表面CD40分子和细胞内RelB基因均呈低水平表达,提示DC2.4是一种未成熟状态的细胞系.