First case report using optical topographic-guided navigation in revision spinal fusion for calcified thoracic disk

Computer assisted navigation systems are frequently used in spine surgery to improve the accuracy of pedicle screw placement. The 7D Surgical System utilizes optical topographic imaging (OTI) with a camera positioned directly above the surgical field to perform rapid registration from a pre-operative CT scan onto anatomical landmarks with zero intra-operative radiation exposure. This current technology requires an open approach with well-exposed bony anatomy, raising concerns about using the 7D Surgical System in revision surgery, where typical anatomical landmarks may be altered, missing, or obscured by prior hardware. To overcome this, the 7D Surgical System is capable of registering off prior hardware. Here, we present the first published report of 7D Surgical System’s registration off prior hardware in a revision spinal fusion. The registration was accurate, and the workflow was easy and efficient with one registration required for 3 levels of instrumentation and discectomy/corpectomy. This demonstrates that the 7D Surgical System can be used in revision cases with altered, missing, or obscured anatomy.     

Evaluation of dental caries,tooth crack,and age-related changes in tooth structure using optical coherence tomography

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging technique that can visualize the internal biological structure without X-ray exposure. Swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) is one of the latest version of OCT, wherein the light source is a tunable laser that sweeps near-infrared wavelength light to achieve real-time imaging. The imaging depth of OCT is highly influenced by the translucency of the medium. The medium that does not transmit light and the deeper structure beyond the range of light penetration depth are not relevant for OCT imaging. In OCT, sound enamel is almost transparent at the OCT wavelength range, and enamel and dentin can be distinguished from each other as the dentin–enamel junction (DEJ) appears as a dark border. Demineralized enamel and dentin are imaged as bright zones because of the formation of numerous micro-porosities where the backscatter of OCT signal is increased. In cavitated caries at interproximal or occlusal hidden zone, the upper margin of the cavity reflects the signal showing a distinct bright border in the SS-OCT image. SS-OCT is capable of determining crack penetration depth even when the cracks extended beyond the DEJ. SS-OCT has a high degree of sensitivity and specificity for the detection of dental caries and tooth cracks. SS-OCT is also capable of detecting non-carious cervical lesions and occlusal tooth wear in cross-sectional views to estimate the amount of tooth structure loss.     

Macular Perfusion Changes and Ganglion Cell Complex Loss in Patients with Silicone Oil-related Visual Loss

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate macular perfusion changes and ganglion cell complex(GCC) loss in patients with unexplained visual loss following vitrectomy and silicone oil(SO)tamponade, and to evaluate the correlation between retinal blood flow and GCC loss using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) and optical coherence tomography(OCT).Methods This retrospective study included seven eyes(seven patients) with unexpected visual loss after vitrectomy and SO tamponade. OCTA was used to evaluate the alterations in retinal vessel density(VD) in the superficial capillary plexus(SCP), deep capillary plexus(DCP), and radial peripapillary capillary plexus(RPCP). OCT was used to measure the thickness of GCC and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL).Medical records of patients were reviewed.Results Quantitative analysis of OCTA images revealed a significant reduction in SCP VD in the affected eyes compared with the controls(all sections P 0.05). No difference was found in GCC thickness, but FLV(focal loss volume) and GLV(global loss volume) were significantly higher in the affected eyes(both P 0.001). SCP VD was inversely correlated with FLV and GLV.Conclusions Silicone oil-related severe visual loss was associated with superficial retinal microvasculature damage and ganglion cell apoptosis.     

胶片集中打印中提高信息识别率的分析与策略

目的 探寻医学影像存储与传输系统(PACS)集中打印中提升胶片信息识别率的有效方法.方法 分析各成像设备胶片布局中四角信息布局对识别率的影响因素;针对不同的影响因素,通过修改设备的四角信息格式、调整胶片格式、优化选片布局、修改放射信息系统存取号(RIS ACCESSION NUMBER)、引入正则表达式的正确性校验以及多次识别等优化方法识别胶片信息.结果 应用此方法对普放检查集中打印系统进行测试,在信息识别的准确性和有效性方面得到了显著的改进.结论 信息识别优化方法提高了胶片的信息识别率,为数字影像和通信标准(DICOM)电子胶片集中打印模式的实施提供了关键技术保障.     

Nano in nano: Biosynthesized gold and iron nanoclusters cargo neoplastic exosomes for cancer status biomarking

Timely detection is crucial for successful treatment of cancer. The current study describes a new approach that involves utilization of the tumor cell environment for bioimaging with in-situ biosynthesized nanoscale gold and iron probes and subsequent dissemination of Au-Fe nanoclusters from cargo exosomes within the circulatory system. We have isolated the Au-Fe cargo exosomes from the blood of the treated murine models after in situ biosyntheses from their respective pre-ionic solutions (HAuCl₄, FeCl₂), whereas Na₂SeO₃ supplementation added into Au lethal effect. The microarray data of various differentially expressed genes revealed the up-regulated tumor ablation and metal binding genes in SGC-7901 cell lines after treatment with Au-Fe-Se triplet ionic solution. The isolation of Au-Fe nanoclusters cargo exosomes (nano in nano) after secretion from deeply seated tumors may help in early diagnosis and reveal the tumor ablation status during and after the relevant treatment like radio-chemo therapies et al.     

Evaluation of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in children with autism spectrum disorders

BackgroundThe study compared retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, macular thickness, and macular volume of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to those of healthy control group and correlated the RNFL thickness with symptom severity in children with ASD.MethodForty children between the ages of 7 and 12 with normal intelligence levels and who were diagnosed with ASD as per DSM-5 were included in the ASD group. The control group consisted of healthy children, who were matched with subjects in the ASD group in terms of age and gender. The Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) were used to evaluate the severity of the disease in the cases diagnosed with ASD. The RNFL, macular thickness, and macular volume of all participants were measured optical coherence tomography (OCT).ResultsThe temporal, temporal superior, nasal superior, temporal inferior, and global RNFL thicknesses were significantly lower in the ASD group than in the control group. There was no correlation between the RNFL thickness and ASD symptom severity. The macular thickness and volume were not significantly different between the groups.ConclusionOur data suggest that lower RNFL thickness may relate to atypical brain development in the ASD, and this can be measured in the retina.