Pathology of the endometrium in women with chronic hepatitis C and HIV infection as a cause of unsuccessful in vitro fertilization attempts

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of the study is to detect endometrial pathology in individuals with blood-borne infections (hepatitis C virus [HCV] and HIV) and to assess the impact of quality of the endometrium on the efficiency of assisted reproductive technologies (ART).

Materials and methods of research: The study involved 56 women of reproductive age, 33 women with HCV, 22 with HIV infection (stages 3 and 4A) and 1 patient with co-infection of HCV and HIV, which was excluded from the further study. Ultrasound investigation of the small pelvic organs, hysteroscopy with biopsy of the mucosa of the uterine cavity, histological examination of the endometrium, determination of HCV RNA and HIV RNA in serum and endometrial tissue by PCR method were conducted.

Results: Ultrasound and histological studies of the endometrium revealed a high incidence of development of hyperplastic and inflammatory processes of the endometrium in women with HCV (86% and 100%) and HIV (51% and 99%). When molecular biological examination of endometrial tissue of these patients was performed with the use of a set of reagents “AmpliSens HCV/HBV/HIV-FL” produced by Federal Budgetary Institution of Science (FBUN) Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor of Russia, HCV was detected in 16.7% and HIV in 14.3% of cases. In 5% of patients with HCV infection and 7% with HIV, pathogens were detected in the endometrium under the non-detectable viral load in the blood plasma. Lower effectiveness of IVF in women with HIV and HCV is defined compared to the women without blood-borne infections.

Conclusion: Detected HIV and HCV replications in the endometrium is the likely cause of hyperplastic and inflammatory processes of the endometrium leading to reduced efficiency of the ART programs in patients with chronic hepatitis C and HIV.     

北京地区正常(牙合)青少年上颌骨三维对称性随生长发育变化的研究

目的 对北京地区正常(牙合)青少年面部对称性随生长发育变化进行初步研究,以期从横向和纵向的角度观察上颌骨对称性随年龄的变化.方法 筛选正常(牙合)青少年36人(初始测量年龄为7～11岁),连续观察3年.用CBCT的检测方法,以S-N-Ba平面为正中矢状面(MSP),测量左右面部双侧上颌标志点到正中矢状面距离(14项双侧标志点测量项目).结果 第1次测量,左右侧眶点至正中矢状面距离有显著性差异(P＜0.05),外耳道最上点至正中矢状面距离(Po-MSP)有显著性差异(P＜0.01).第3次测量,Po-MSP(P ＜0.01),左侧颧额缝点至正中矢状面距离(P＜0.05),左右侧测量值有显著性差异.连续3年的研究结果显示,只有骨性外耳道上缘的耳点(Po)随年龄增长有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 正常青少年人群的面部呈对称性生长,部分测量值的左右对称性在某一次测量中有显著性差异,但连续观察2年,除耳点外,其余测量值均无显著性差异.     

Incidence of postoperative pain after use of calcium hydroxide mixed with normal saline or 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate as intracanal medicament in the treatment of apical periodontitis

Objective

To compare the incidence of postoperative pain after the use of calcium hydroxide powder mixed with normal saline or 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate as intracanal medicament.

Participants

Fifty-five subjects aged 17–60 years with teeth diagnosed to have apical periodontitis.

Intervention

Two-visit conventional root canal treatment of seventy teeth. The teeth were divided by randomization (balloting) into two groups: control group and experimental group, each with thirty-five teeth treated with calcium hydroxide mixed with normal saline or with 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate as intracanal medicament respectively. Incidence of postoperative pain was assessed using the universal pain assessment tool and whether or not analgesic was taken.

Main outcome measured

Incidence of post-operative pain.

Result

Postoperative pain occurred only at 1-day and 1-week reviews. In the control group, the overall incidence of pain was the same at both review periods (5.7%), while the experimental group showed a slight decrease in incidence between 1-day (17.2%) and 1-week (11.4%) reviews. Incidence of flare-ups was more in the experimental group (11.4%) than in the control group (5.7%). No significant statistical differences between the two groups were observed (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

The incidence of postoperative pain was lower in the normal saline treatment group, but the difference was not statistically significant.     

子宫内膜结核的子宫输卵管造影表现

目的探讨子宫内膜结核的子宫输卵管造影(HSG)表现。方法回顾性分析经宫-腹腔镜、刮除活检、组织学检查、细菌培养、聚合酶链式反应(PCR)及病理证实的18例子宫内膜结核患者,分析其HSG表现。结果 14例子宫内膜结核患者具有特异性改变,包括三叶草样、T型、假单角子宫、指套样等。4例为非特异性表现,包括子宫内膜炎、宫腔粘连变形以及对比剂渗入静脉及淋巴管。结论 HSG是诊断子宫内膜结核的一种重要检查方法,对于不明原因的不孕女性患者应尽早常规行HSG检查,可为临床不孕不育诊治提供重要依据。     

正常新生儿血、尿肠型脂肪酸结合蛋白浓度的探讨

目的 探讨正常新生儿血、尿肠型脂肪酸结合蛋白(intestinal fatty acid binding protin,I-FABP)跟性别、胎龄、出生史等的关系,了解血、尿中的相关性.方法 收集云南省第一人民医院2012年12月至2013年4月NICU收治的没有感染、窒息病史的早产儿100例及同期出生的正常足月儿100例为实验对象,出生后24 h内采外周静脉血2 mL及用无菌管收集尿液2 mL,离心,收上清液,-60℃冰箱保存,统一检测.用ELASA方法测定血及尿液中IFABP的浓度.结果 新生儿血、尿中I-FABP在性别、胎龄、出生史进行比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).血、尿中I-FABP有相关性,Spearman相关系数为0.489 (P＜0.05).结论 血、尿中I-FABP浓度与新生儿胎龄、性别、出生史、单胎、多胎等因素无关.血尿中IFABP浓度有相关性,血标本因易导致医源性贫血及依从性差,而尿液I-FABP的检测采集方便、成本低、病人痛苦少等特点,临床上可以用尿液替代血液进行检测.     

胰岛素抵抗对糖耐量正常冠心病患者冠脉病变的影响

目的探讨胰岛素抵抗对糖耐量正常冠心病患者冠脉病变的影响。方法以112例冠心病患者为研究对象,采用自我平衡模型分析法(homeostasismodelassessment,HOMA)指数作为评价胰岛素抵抗的指标,将患者分为胰岛素抵抗组和胰岛素敏感组,应用多元逐步回归分析对相关危险因素进行分析。结果两组患者多支冠脉病变的发生率差异有统计学意义,弥漫性病变的发生率差异有极显著性意义,体重指数、收缩压、空腹血浆胰岛素、总胆固醇、甘油三酯与冠脉病变程度正相关,高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇与之呈负相关。结论冠心病合并胰岛素抵抗患者冠脉多支病变、多处病变及弥漫性病变的发生率高,提示胰岛素抵抗及其所造成的肥胖、高血压、脂质代谢紊乱是冠心病的独立危险因素。     

人工流产术后月经减少的防治研究进展

人工流产后月经减少是妇科常见的疑难病,严重影响女性的生命健康和生育能力。该病的发生与子宫内膜损伤、下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴调节功能改变、子宫和卵巢血流动力学改变有关。预防方法主要通过卫生知识的宣传教育。治疗方法目前有激素药物治疗、节育器放置治疗、中药治疗、中西医联合治疗以及神经肌肉电刺激,其中神经肌肉电刺激是近年来出现的以预防和治疗兼顾的一种方法,可能是将来人工流产术术后月经减少治疗的一个方向。     

Impact of ischemia on sample quality of human pancreatic tissues

BackgroundSuccessful clinical evaluation of human tumors relies on proper handling of tissue samples to maximally preserve the cellular and metabolic states in vivo. Pancreatic samples are particularly sensitive to sample mishandling due to the abundance of digestive enzymes. We study how the duration of ischemia, in vivo and ex vivo, both of which are unavoidable lagging periods following surgical dissection, significantly impact the utility of pancreatic samples.MethodsWe systematically characterize a wide range of tissue integrity features, including histological patterns, cellular structures, DNA/RNA quality and activity of major signaling pathways in normal pancreases and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumor tissues from 41 patients with different ischemia.ResultsWe reveal that tissues experiencing longer periods of ischemia exhibit significant deterioration and could potentially mislead disease diagnosis and preclinical research. Based on these analyses, we propose an optimal procedure that balances better clinical practice and high tissue sample quality.ConclusionsOur work provides a guideline for pancreatic sample handling and could have wide implications in clinical diagnosis and translational research.     

不同糖调节水平非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者肝脏脂肪含量与胰岛β细胞功能及胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的 观察非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）患者肝脏脂肪含量（LF）与IR及胰岛β细胞功能的关系. 方法 将286例NAFLD患者分为正常糖调节（NGR）组和IGR组,以校正CT半定量法测定LF,再根据LF分为6个亚组：NGR-1、2、3亚组及IGR-1、2、3亚组.以OGTT、胰岛素释放试验评估IR及胰岛β细胞功能,分析LF与IR及胰岛β细胞功能的关系. 结果 （1）随LF增加,NGR-2亚组△I30/△G30高于NGR-1亚组（P＜0.05）,NGR-3亚组稍低于NGR-2亚组（P＞0.05）;IGR-3亚组△I30/△G30低于IGR-1亚组（P＜0.05）;（2）随LF增加,NGR-2、3亚组HOMA-β均高于NGR-1亚组（P＜0.05）;IGR-3亚组低于IGR-1、IGR-2亚组（P＜0.05）.（3）多元线性回归分析提示,LF是影响HOMA-IR最强的独立危险因素（P＜0.01）. 结论 在NGR人群中,LF增加至5.1％～9.9％时,IR增加,胰岛β细胞早相和整体分泌代偿性增高;当LF达10.0％～20.0％时,胰岛β细胞早相分泌功能可能出现减退.对IGR人群,LF增加至5.1％～9.9％时,胰岛β细胞早相分泌功能已开始降低;当LF达10.0％～20.0％时,胰岛β细胞整体分泌功能恶化.     

实时剪切波弹性成像在评估子宫内膜容受性中的初步应用

背景　子宫内膜容受性是在胚胎着床前,内膜能够使胚胎正常着床的一种综合情况。近年来,超声对子宫内膜容受性的研究成为热点,但既往多倾向于对内膜厚度、回声和血流的研究,随着超声新技术的发展,子宫内膜弹性有望成为内膜容受性研究的新方向。目的　利用实时剪切波弹性成像技术对子宫内膜进行定量测量,对比分析容受期与增殖期子宫内膜弹性模量值的差异,探讨实时剪切波弹性成像在评估子宫内膜容受性中的应用价值。方法　选择2018年1—12月在温州市人民医院门诊行卵泡监测的备孕妇女80例,分别在内膜增殖期和容受期对其行二维超声和实时剪切波超声弹性成像检查,获取并比较两个时相的内膜回声类型、内膜厚度以及内膜平均弹性模量值,进行相关性分析。结果　80例女性的子宫内膜在增殖期主要表现为均匀低回声的三线征,容受期主要表现为均匀高回声。增殖期和容受期内膜厚度和内膜平均弹性模量值分别为7.0（6.0,8.0）mm、（25.7±4.4）kPa及11.0（10.0,12.8） mm、（9.4±2.7）kPa。容受期内膜厚度高于增殖期,容受期内膜平均弹性模量值低于增殖期（P<0.05）。内膜厚度与内膜平均弹性模量值之间呈负相关（rs=-0.849,P<0.05）。不同回声类型内膜平均弹性模量值比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　实时剪切波弹性成像能定量评估子宫内膜弹性,间接反映内膜时相,结合内膜厚度及回声类型,能为不孕症患者内膜容受性的评估提供新的诊断思路。