神经元特异性烯醇化酶检测对颅脑损伤诊断分型及判断预后的临床意义

目的：探讨急性颅脑损伤患者检测血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶（neuron-specific enolase,NSE）的含量及动态变化,对颅脑损伤的诊断分型、评估伤情和判断预后的临床价值.方法：采用放射免疫法,对185例急性颅脑损伤患者（观察组）及50名健康体检人群（对照组）血清NSE水平进行检测.分别于颅脑损伤后1、3、7、10sd NSE水平进行动态检测和观察.结果：观察组颅脑损伤后1 d血清NSE水平均显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）,与格拉斯哥昏迷评分呈负相关关系（P＜0.05）;动态检测血清NSE水平显示重型颅脑损伤患者虽经积极救治,血清NSE水平均持续高于中型颅脑损伤患者（P〈0.01）.结论：检测患者颅脑损伤后血清NSE水平可以直接反映脑细胞损害程度,是一项较为敏感的生化指标,特别是动态检测血清NSE水平对判断颅脑损伤后伤情评估、疗效观察及预后具有一定的临床意义.     

Postnatal expression and distribution of Refsum disease gene associated protein in the rat retina and visual cortex: effect of binocular visual deprivation

Previously, phytanoyl-CoA alpha-hydroxylase-associated protein 1 (PAHX-AP1) was isolated as a novel neuron-specific protein to interact with Refsum disease (RfD) gene PAHX. Its expression in the brain increased after eyelid opening, and the elevated level was maintained through adulthood. In this report, to verify the hypothesis that light could trigger this increase, we have examined the developmental distribution pattern of PAHX-AP1 in rat retina and visual cortex, and changes of its expression by binocular deprivation. Northern blot analyses demonstrated PAHX-AP1 expression reached its highest level in the visual cortex and eyeball at 4 weeks after birth, and these levels were maintained through adult life. Two weeks after visual deprivation, its expression in the eyeball and visual cortex decreased compared with the control. In situ hybridization analyses of the retina showed that PAHX-AP1 expression was limited to the ganglionic cell layer at 10 days after birth, but expressed in the inner nuclear cell layer and extended to the outer nuclear cell layer at 2 and 3 weeks after birth, respectively. Two weeks after visual deprivation, however, it decreased in the ganglionic and inner nuclear cell layer, and disappeared in the rod and cone cell layers. In the visual cortex, strong signals of PAHX-AP1 were detected in layers IV and VI, and II-VI at 10 days and 2 weeks after birth, respectively. Its expression decreased after 2 weeks of visual deprivation. These results indicate that visual stimulation is essential for the maintenance of PAHX-AP1 expressions in the retina, especially in the rod and cone cell layers, and visual cortex, and suggest that PAHX-AP1 may be involved in the developmental regulation of the photoreceptor's function.     

七氟醚和异丙酚复合麻醉对老年膝骨性关节炎患者术后血清NSE与S100B蛋白及认知功能的影响

目的探讨七氟醚和异丙酚复合麻醉对老年膝骨性关节炎(KOA)术后患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)与S100B蛋白及认知功能影响。方法选取2015年1月~2016年12月老年KOA手术患者76例,随机分为七氟醚组与异丙酚组,分别予七氟醚和异丙酚复合麻醉。观察两组麻醉后6 h、24 h和72 h血清NSE与S100B蛋白及认知功能MMS评分变化。结果两组麻醉后6 h、24 h血清NSE与S100B蛋白均较麻醉前上升(P0.05或P0.01),且七氟醚组上升值更低(P0.05)。两组麻醉后72 h血清NSE与S100B蛋白恢复到与麻醉前比较相接近(P0.05);同时两组麻醉后6 h、24 h MMSE评分较麻醉前下降(P0.05或P0.01),且七氟醚组下降值更低(P0.05)。两组麻醉后72 h MMSE评分恢复到与麻醉前比较相接近(P0.05)。结论七氟醚和异丙酚复合麻醉均可影响老年KOA全麻后早期认知功能,前者早期对血清NSE与S100B蛋白的影响相对较小,可减少术后认知功能障(POCD)的发生。     

晚发性抑郁症患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶及与认知功能的关系

目的观察晚发性抑郁症(LOD)患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)的变化情况并探讨其与认知功能的关系。方法分别检测35例晚发性抑郁症患者(LOD组)、35例老年健康者(对照组)血清NSE水平,以简易智能状态检查量表(MMSE)评定LOD患者认知功能,以17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评定抑郁的严重程度。结果 1LOD组血清NSE水平显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.504,P0.001);2LOD患者MMSE评分显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.457,P0.01);3LOD患者血清NSE水平与MMSE评分负相关(r=-0.388,P0.05),MMSE评分与HAMD评分负相关(r=-0.413,P0.05)。结论晚发性抑郁患者血清NSE增高,并与其认知功能的改变存在相关性。     

Pathogenic role of antibodies to citrullinated proteins in rheumatoid arthritis

In the last 10 years, the discovery that antibodies to citrullinated proteins are highly specific for rheumatoid arthritis has led to a model of pathogenesis that ties together the genetic and environmental risk factors for susceptibility and severity of disease. The authors propose that the chronic inflammation is driven by two phases of an immune response. The first phase is the priming of autoimmunity, which may occur many years before the onset of disease and is caused by environmental factors, such as smoking and infectious agents, in the context of disease susceptibility alleles. This may occur in sites outside the joint, such as the respiratory tract. The second phase is the induction of arthritis, which is associated with the generation of citrullinated proteins within the joint, which is then perpetuated as the erosive disease by a local chronic immune response. The identity of candidate synovial citrullinated antigen(s), whether fibrin, vimentin, α-enolase, collagen type II or others yet to be described, may be the key to the pathogenesis of the destructive disease characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis. There is emerging evidence that citrullination may already be modified by established therapy in rheumatoid arthritis, but more specific inhibitors of deimination may provide new agents for future treatments.     

胡黄连苷Ⅱ对大鼠缺血脑组织神经元特异性烯醇化酶、S100B和髓鞘碱性蛋白表达的影响

目的 通过正交实验优化胡黄连苷Ⅱ治疗大鼠脑缺血损伤的最佳剂量和时间窗.方法 应用双侧颈总动脉结扎法建立大鼠前脑缺血模型,按照正交实验设计分组,经腹腔注射胡黄连苷Ⅱ干预治疗,酶联免疫吸附法检测脑组织中神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、神经胶质细胞标志蛋白（S100B）、髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）的含量,综合评价胡黄连苷Ⅱ治疗脑缺血损伤的效果.结果 胡黄连苷Ⅱ治疗脑缺血损伤的最佳治疗时间窗和剂量为：①根据脑组织NSE含量分析为恼缺血1.5 h腹腔注射胡黄连苷Ⅱ 10 mg·kg-1体重;②根据脑组织S100B含量分析为脑缺血1.5 h给予胡黄连苷Ⅱ 20 mg·kg-1;③根据脑组织MBP含量分析为脑缺血1.5 h腹腔注射胡黄连苷Ⅱ 10 mg·kg-1.结论 根据治疗时间窗最大化和用药剂量最小化原则综合评价,胡黄连苷Ⅱ治疗脑缺血损伤的最佳治疗时间窗和剂量为脑缺血1.5 h腹腔注射10～20mg·kg-1体重.     

Two outward potassium current types are expressed during the neural differentiation of neural stem cells

The electrophysiological properties of potassium ion channels are regarded as a basic index for determining the functional differentiation of neural stem cells. In this study, neural stem cells from th...     

大鼠视网膜神经细胞的原代培养

目的:在前人建立的方法上优化SD大鼠视网膜神经细胞体外培养的技术和方法,为后续研究提供实验基础。方法:使用胰酶消化法分离新生1～3dSD大鼠视网膜神经细胞,以DMEM/F12为培养基体外培养,免疫组织化学染色的方法进行鉴定。结果:观察光镜下培养的细胞贴壁生长,部分细胞伸出突起,且有些突起相互连接。免疫细胞化学染色显示,培养的细胞大多数抗神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)抗体反应阳性。结论:视网膜神经细胞体外培养成功为进一步进行视网膜疾病的研究创造了条件。     

肺癌患者手术治疗前、后血清CysC、CYfra21-1和NSE水平检测的临床意义

目的：比较肺癌患者手术治疗前、后血清胱抑素 C（CysC）、细胞角质蛋白（CYfra21-1）和神经特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）水平的变化。方法应用化学发光法和酶联法对33例肺癌患者进行了手术治疗前、后血清 CysC、CYfra21-1和 NSE 水平检测,并与35例健康人作比较分析。结果肺癌患者血清 CysC、CYfra21-1和 NSE 水平均显著高于健康组（P ＜0.01）,患者术前、术后比较差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。经手术治疗3个月后与健康人比较差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）,且血清 CysC 水平与 CY-fra21-1和 NSE 水平呈正相关（r＝0.6018,0.5966,P ＜0.01）。结论检测血清 CysC、CYfra21-1和 NSE 水平的变化,对肺癌患者预后评估和病情监测均有一定临床价值。     

重症颅脑损伤患者不同颅内压与视神经鞘直径、血清S100β、NSE的相关性

目的探究重症颅脑损伤患者的颅内压与视神经鞘直径、血清中枢神经特异性蛋白(S100β)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)的相关性。方法回顾性选取该院2017年10月至2019年12月收治的80例重症颅脑损伤患者,根据腰椎穿刺颅内压测量分为升高组(41例)和对照组(39例)。分别测量两组患者视神经鞘直径、血清S100β、NSE水平。采取Spearman分析进行双变量相关分析。结果升高组右眼直径、左眼直径和两眼平均值均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。升高组血清S100β、NES水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。颅内压的升高与视神经鞘直径、血清S100β和NSE呈正相关(r=0.848、0.865、0.866,P<0.05)。结论当重症颅脑损伤患者出现颅内压升高时,视神经鞘直径、血清S100β、NSE水平也会随之升高,与颅内压的升高呈正相关。