中、下鼻道联合开窗术与中鼻道开窗术治疗非侵袭型真菌性上颌窦炎效果评价

目的 评价中、下鼻道联合开窗术与中鼻道开窗术治疗非侵袭型真菌性上颌窦炎的疗效.方法 选择本科2007年1月～2011年12月被诊断为非侵袭型真菌性上颌窦炎51例患者临床资料,根据治疗方法不同分为两组,A组26例采用鼻内镜中、下鼻道联合开窗术式;B组25例采用鼻内镜中鼻道开窗术式.结果 术后随防1年评定疗效,A组治愈25例,复发1例,治愈率为96.2%;B组治愈23例,复发2例,治愈率为92.0%.结论 鼻内镜中、下鼻道联合开窗术与中鼻道开窗术是治疗非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎的主要手段,疗效肯定、创伤小、术后复发率低;而且中、下鼻道联合开窗术式比单纯中鼻道开窗术式疗效更佳.     

慢性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉内镜手术的护理体会

目的总结慢性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉患者内镜手术的护理体会。方法回顾性分析本院2008年1月～2011年12月的120例慢性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉患者行内镜手术,进行术前指导、术后护理、出院指导等系统护理。结果治愈104例,好转16例,疗效满意,无感染及严重并发症。结论慢性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉患者内镜手术后的疗效,不仅依赖于高水平的手术技巧,同时也离不开围术期的护理。良好的护理对患者的预后起着至关重要的作用。     

三维与经食管超声心动图在室间隔缺损封堵术中的临床应用

目的 应用三维与经食管超声心动图在室间隔缺损(VSD)封堵术适应证的筛选,及术中、术后的应用价值.方法 选取2006年12月至2012年6月我院VSD患者32例.术前通过超声心动图测量VSD之形状与大小,术中超声心动图监测,术后超声心动图随诊.结果 32例患者中膜周部25例、隔瓣后型3例、膜周嵴下型2例、嵴内漏斗部1例、心肌梗死室间隔肌部穿孔1例,共放置33个封堵器,被封堵的VSD最大直径为8 mm,最小为3 mm,平均(5.2±0.8)mm,封堵器选用的型号比VSD测量值大2 mm,最大封堵器为10 mm.30例患者封堵术后即刻观察,穿隔分流消失,术后1周复查,封堵器位置良好、稳定、无残余分流,1例微量残余分流,术后24 h超声心动图复查分流消失;1例少量残余分流,术后即刻复查最大分流速度为1.2 m/s(低于险值2m/s).6个月后复查仅见微量残余分流.结论 三维与经食管超声心动图新技术在VSD封堵术适应证的筛选、确定、封堵器释放时间、释放时即刻疗效的评价及术后随访具有重要价值.     

足趾游离小组织块移植修复手指部分缺损

目的探讨采用不同类型的足趾游离小组织块移植修复手指部分缺损的临床效果。方法我院自2006年3月至2012年9月分别应用吻合血管的趾腹皮瓣、甲皮瓣、重建末节指骨的甲瓣、趾腓侧半复合组织瓣及第2足趾节段5种类型游离小组织块移植修复手指部分缺损25例患者。结果手术均获得成功,经6个月~5年(平均2.5年)随访,患指指间关节活动度平均为52,指腹饱满,外形逼真,耐磨,指甲生长良好,两点分辨觉为4~7 mm,供区行走良好,无疼痛及足部肿胀,植皮处肤色深,关节活动无影响。结论以足趾为供区的不同类型游离小组织块移植是修复手指部分缺损的较佳方法之一。     

Acyclovir Liposomes for Intranasal Systemic Delivery: Development and Pharmacokinetics Evaluation

Intranasal route is one of the most attractive routes for distributing drugs to systemic circulation. Liposomes are used as biocompatible carriers to improve delivery properties across nasal mucosa. The objective of the present study was to formulate acyclovir liposomes and partition into poly-N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone. Entrapment efficiency showed that multilamellar and unilamellar liposomes were 43.2% ± 0.83 and 21% ± 1.01, respectively. The bioavailability of acyclovir from nasal mucoadhesive gel was 60.72% compared with intravenous route. The use of liposomes acyclovir and mucoadhesive gel not only promoted the prolonged contact between the drug and the absorptive sites in the nasal cavity, but also facilitated direct absorption through the nasal mucosa.     

The role of mitochondrial defects and oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder. Recent reports suggest that it affects more than 36 million people worldwide and accounts 60–80% of all cases of dementia. It is characterised by aberrations of multiple interactive systems and pathways, which ultimately lead to memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. The exact mechanisms and initial triggering factors that underpin the known pathological defects in AD remain to be fully elucidated. In addition, an effective treatment strategy to reduce the progression of AD is yet to be achieved. In the light of above-mentioned facts, our article deals with the exploration of the mitochondrial defect and oxidative stress leading to this devastating disease. In this communication, we have highlighted specific mitochondrial and antioxidant-directed approach to ameliorate and manage AD. Nonetheless, new approaches should also be investigated that could tackle various molecular events involved in AD pathogenicity.     

PROFILE ANALYSIS FOR ASSESSING IN VITRO BIOEQUIVALENCE

For locally acting drug products such as nasal aerosols and nasal sprays, therapeutic equivalence between two drug products may be established by in vitro bioequivalence studies based on measurements intended to reflect the rate and extent to which the active ingredient becomes available at the site of action. For cascade impaction or multistage liquid impinger for particle size distribution, profile analysis is required. However, we find that the analysis procedure described in the 1999 FDA guidance lacks statistical justification. In this article, we explain why FDA's approach is incorrect and propose a correct statistical method for profile analysis using the basic ideas in the FDA guidance.     

婚前保健服务对出生缺陷的影响研究——以广西为例

目的:以广西为例探讨婚前保健服务对出生缺陷发生的影响,为推动婚检工作提供参考。方法:收集广西2000—2014年婚检率、出生缺陷发生率等相关数据,利用SPSS18.0统计软件进行描述性分析、等级相关分析和时间序列协相关分析。结果:随着婚检率的升高,出生缺陷发生率及神经管畸形、总唇裂、胎儿水肿综合征发生率降低。婚检具有后继效应,即婚检率越高,次年的先天性心脏病、神经管畸形发生率越低。结论:婚检与出生缺陷发生密切相关,对提高出生人口素质有重要作用,应重视与加强婚检工作,以改善拟婚人群健康状况,减少出生缺陷的发生。