N-乙酰半胱氨酸预防亚硒酸钠诱导大鼠白内障的研究

目的：对亚硒酸钠诱导白内障大鼠采用N-乙酰半胱氨酸进行预防性治疗,探讨N-乙酰半胱氨酸对白内障大鼠模型氧化损伤和晶状体浑浊程度的影响。方法30只SD乳鼠随机分为3组,模型组ip 3.46 mg/kg亚硒酸钠溶液造模后,ip 0.1 mL/10 g生理盐水;实验组ipN-乙酰半胱氨酸10 mg/g,30 min ip亚硒酸钠溶液造模;对照组ip 0.1 mL/10 g生理盐水。所有动物均为隔日注射,连续6次。比较大鼠晶状体浑浊程度和SOD活性、NOS活性和MDA水平。结果在晶状体核区、后囊区、前囊区＋后囊区、前囊区＋皮质区＋核区＋后囊区中,实验组与模型组比较得分差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;实验组SOD活性和MDA活性与模型组比较差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 N-乙酰半胱氨酸能够预防后囊和核区白内障的发生,其作用是通过减少MDA水平、提高SOD活性、改善氧化应激实现的。     

N-乙酰半胱氨酸对葡聚糖硫酸钠诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎的保护作用

目的观察N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)灌肠对小鼠急性溃疡性结肠炎的作用。方法5%葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)自由饮用7 d诱导小鼠急性溃疡性结肠炎,同时予以生理盐水(NS)、5-氨基水杨酸(5-ASA)、NAC保留灌肠,观察小鼠体重、粪便性状、隐血便血,计算疾病活动度(DAI)积分,检测结肠长度、结肠过氧化物酶(MPO)活性、血清过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量及肠黏膜病理改变。结果NAC组小鼠隐血、便血、体重下降、DAI积分、病理改变等均好于模型组、NS组(P<0.05),与5-ASA组疗效相似。NAC组SOD活力高于模型组,MPO活性、MDA含量则低于模型组(P<0.05)。结论NAC对DSS诱导的小鼠急性溃疡性结肠炎黏膜损伤有保护作用,其机制可能与抗氧化应激有关。     

N-乙酰半胱氨酸对大鼠急性脊髓损伤后继发性脊髓损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)对大鼠脊髓急性损伤后继发性脊髓损伤的保护机制.方法 成年SD大鼠18只随机均分成单纯椎板切除(对照组)、急性脊髓损伤(损伤组)和急性脊髓损伤后NAC治疗(治疗组)三组.用30 g力量动脉瘤夹从两侧夹闭脊髓30 s建立脊髓损伤模型.治疗组术后15 min、1、2和3d分别予NAC 150 mg/kg腹腔注射;对照组和损伤组腹腔注射等量生理盐水.所有动物于术后3d处死取材,用凝胶电泳迁移率分析和免疫组化检测脊髓组织中核因子κB(NF-κB),ELISA法检测肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)和IL-6表达.结果 损伤组脊髓组织中NF-κB、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6水平均比对照组升高(P＜0.05),治疗组脊髓组织中各因子水平均比损伤组显著降低(P＜0.05).结论 NAC可以通过抑制大鼠急性脊髓损伤后NF-κB的活性,进一步下调TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的表达,从而减轻继发性炎症反应所导致的脊髓损伤.     

N-乙酰半胱氨酸对乙醇代谢的影响及机制研究

 目的研究N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)是否能通过加速乙醇代谢而解酒以及是否能对抗乙醇对肝脏的损害及其作用机制。方法小鼠随机分组,分别灌胃给予蒸馏水和不同剂量的NAC,20 min后灌胃给予白酒,观察小鼠的翻正反射,攀网能力,用生化比色法测定肝脏中的乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)的活性及谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。用气相色谱法测定血中乙醇的浓度。结果NAC可以减少小鼠灌胃给酒后的醉酒率,延长醉酒的潜伏时间,对抗乙醇引起的攀网能力下降,增加肝脏ADH的活性,从而增加乙醇代谢速度,降低血中乙醇的浓度;增加肝脏SOD,GSH-Px,GST的活性,提高肝脏GSH的含量,有利于清除自由基;减少肝脏中MDA的含量。而且均存在剂量依赖关系。结论NAC能加速乙醇代谢及对抗乙醇的肝脏损害,其作用机制可能与其提高ADH及抗氧化酶活性、加速清除乙醇代谢过程中产生的自由基、减少过氧化脂质的生成有关。     

噻托溴铵吸入剂联合N-乙酰半胱氨酸泡腾片治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病疗效的Meta分析

目的 Meta分析法评价噻托溴铵联合N-乙酰半胱氨酸泡腾片较单用噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的效果.方法 系统检索PubMed、Medline、VIP等外文数据库及万方医学网、万方数据知识服务平台和中国知网(CNKI)等中文数据库建库至2019年11月,联合使用噻托溴铵、N-乙酰半胱氨酸泡腾片较单用噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞...     

The disposition and kinetics of intravenous N-acetylcysteine in patients with paracetamol overdosage

Summary Seventeen patients received standard treatment with intravenous N-acetylcysteine for 18 episodes of severe poisoning with paracetamol (acetaminophen). The dose of N-acetylcysteine was 150 mg/kg given in 15 min followed by 50 mg/kg in 4 h and 100 mg/kg over the next 16 h. Liver damage was absent or mild on 13 occasions (ALT<500 µ/l) and severe on 5 (ALT>1000 µ/l).Total plasma N-acetylcysteine was estimated by HPLC. The mean maximum plasma concentration after the initial loading dose was 554 mg/l. Concentrations then fell rapidly and after 12 h a mean steady-state level of about 35 mg/l was maintained. When the infusion was discontinued N-acetylcysteine disappeared with a half-life of 5.7 h. The mean steady-state volume of distribution, AUC, mean residence time and total clearance were 536 ml/kg, 1748 mg·h·l^–1, 2.91 h and 3.18 ml·min^–1·kg^–1. These values are generally consistent with those previously reported with much smaller doses and the disposition of N-acetylcysteine does not appear to be dose-dependent. The elimination of N-acetylcysteine was not impaired in the patients with severe liver damage, and the pharmacokinetic variables and plasma concentrations were similar in patients with and without hepatotoxicity.The dosage schedule for intravenous N-acetylcysteine should probably be modified since adverse reactions invariably occur early when plasma concentrations are at their highest, and liver damage was prevented just as effectively at the lowest as at the highest C_max. High initial concentrations of N-acetylcysteine can be avoided with simple alternative regimens based on the kinetic data of this study.     

Dose dependent pharmacokinetics of N-acetylcysteine after oral dosing to man

The pharmacokinetics after oral administration of 200, 600 or 1200 mg of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were studied in 10 healthy subjects. Normalized maximal plasma concentration was significantly higher after a 600 mg dose than after a 200 mg dose. Bioavailability of NAC significantly increased with increasing dose. Time for maximal plasma concentration also increased with increasing dose. The observations can be explained by a capacity-limited presystemic elimination of NAC. In an extension of the study, 600 mg of NAC was given twice a day for 5 days and the plasma concentrations were followed after the morning dose on day 6. No differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters were observed in comparison with the single 600 mg dose. This indicates that the beneficial clinical effects observed after repeated dosing can not be ascribed to an accumulation of NAC in plasma.     

Antioxidant effects of N-acetylcysteine on the male reproductive system: A systematic review

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of N-acetyl cysteine on the male reproductive system and consensus and classification of data found from previous studies. It is undeniable that N-acetyl cysteine as a powerful antioxidant compound can medicate many diseases such as cardiovascular, kidney, liver and reproductive system disorders. With the increasing environmental pollution that has a direct adverse effect on male fertility, the use of this compound is able to positively function on human fertility health. In this study, we have been collected the main data of scientific articles (1994–2020) about N-acetyl cysteine effects. By searching in the scientific databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Wiley and Web of Science, related articles were extracted. As a result, all observations have confirmed that N-acetyl cysteine can improve and normalise the spermatogenesis in the male reproduction system.