冬虫夏草多糖脂质体口服液的质量标准

目的确定冬虫夏草多糖脂质体口服液质量标准。方法用蒽酮 硫酸比色法测定冬虫夏草多糖浓度;用透析法测定其包封率。结果平均加样回收率为98 73% ,RSD为1 4 8% ;冬虫夏草多糖浓度为6 4 4 8×10 -2 mol·L-1,包封率为31 77%。结论建立的方法可控制冬虫夏草多糖脂质体口服液的质量     

积雪草中降血糖多糖的研究

 目的研究中药积雪草(Centellaasiatica)全草中的降血糖活性多糖组分。方法采用DEAE-纤维素柱色谱和凝胶渗透色谱进行分离纯化,化学及光谱方法进行结构分析,并进行免疫及降血糖药理活性测试。结果积雪草多糖组分S5X相对分子质量为1.17×10⁵,含阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、木糖、葡萄糖以及半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖醛酸等残基,是一个结构复杂的含肽的多糖组分,具有一定免疫和降血糖活性。结论S5X首次从该植物分得的杂多糖,具有降血糖作用。     

Comparison of ELISA and LC-MS analyses for yessotoxins in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis).

Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) collected from Fl?devigen Bay, Norway, in 2001 and 2002 were analysed for yessotoxins (YTXs) by ELISA and yessotoxin (YTX), 45-hydroxyYTX, and carboxyYTX by LC-MS. Results from the two methods were compared to evaluate the ELISA. The response in the ELISA was 3-13 times higher than LC-MS, probably due to the antibodies binding to other YTX analogues not included in the LC-MS analysis. Nevertheless, the correlation between ELISA and LC-MS was good, with r2 values> or =0.8. The results indicate that the ELISA is a reliable method for estimating the total level of YTXs in mussels, and are consistent with extensive metabolism of algal YTXs in mussels. YTX was a minor component in the blue mussels at all times compared to 45-hydroxyYTX and especially carboxyYTX, except when the P. reticulatum bloom occurred. The results also indicate the presence of significant amounts of YTX analogues in addition to those measured by LC-MS. All samples below 4 mg/kg by ELISA were below the current EU regulatory limit of 1 mg/kg by LC-MS. Therefore, we propose using ELISA as a screening tool with a cut-off limit at 4 mg/kg for negative samples, whereas samples above this limit would be reanalyzed by LC-MS.     

知母水溶性多糖的分离、纯化及初步研究

 目的分离、纯化出知母水溶性多糖,研究其性质。方法粗多糖经反复冻融S、evage法脱蛋白、高速离心、超滤、柱色谱等方法分离纯化得级分AAB1。经HPLC、比旋光度测定等方法,证明AAB1为均一组分。用气相色谱分析多糖组成。结果AAB1由Xyl,Man,Gal,GalA,Glc组成,其摩尔比为1∶11∶1.75∶7.92∶1.2。平均相对分子质量为5.47×10⁴。结论AAB1为酸性均一杂多糖。     

大蒜多糖对阿霉素所致心肌细胞损伤的保护作用

目的观察大蒜多糖(GP)对阿霉素(ADR)中毒心肌细胞的保护作用并探讨其机制。方法采用0~2 d SD乳鼠心肌细胞做原代培养,复制ADR损伤心肌细胞模型,测定上清液及细胞中多项生化指标,并运用MTT比色法、流式细胞仪检测凋亡细胞。结果ADR(终浓度为1 mg.L-1)可致上清液肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)释放量增加(P<0.01),同时细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力下降而丙二醛(MDA)含量升高(P<0.01),GP(25~100 mg.L-1)可呈浓度依赖性地降低CK、LDH、GOT活力,增加细胞SOD活力和降低MDA含量,尤其以GP大剂量组作用明显(P<0.05或P<0.01)。流式细胞仪检测GP能降低心肌细胞凋亡率,证实了GP的保护作用。结论GP能够拮抗ADR引起的自由基脂质过氧化,从而保护心肌细胞。     

银耳碱提多糖抗氧化活性的研究

目的对从银耳孢子发酵物中用碱液提取得到的4个多糖组分TFFB-A、TFFB-B、TFFB-C、TFFB-D的抗氧化活性进行研究。方法采用清除羟基自由基(·OH)、清除超氧阴离子自由基(O2)、抗H2O2诱导的红细胞氧化溶血试验,考察4个多糖组分的抗氧化活性。结果TFFB-A、TFFB-B、TFFB-C、TFFB-D的溶血率分别为21.4%,31.2%,28.5%,25.6%;最大清除率分别为21.4%,28.4%,36.6%,53.0%;EC50分别为233.6,603,191,195mg/L。结论4个多糖组分均具有一定的清除·OH、O2和抑制红细胞溶血的活性。     

灵芝多糖的提纯、组成及活性研究

目的探讨灵芝多糖的分离纯化、单糖组成以及抗肿瘤活性。方法采用热水提取,Sevag法去蛋白质,乙醇分级沉淀,DEAE-32离子交换色谱法从灵芝子实体粉中分离得到灵芝多糖。用SephadexG-100凝胶柱色谱法判断其纯度及相对分子质量,用薄层色谱法及气相色谱法鉴定其单糖组成,溴化四唑蓝法测定其体外抗肿瘤活性。结果从灵芝子实体粉中分离得到两种粗多糖GLPⅠ、GLPⅡ。GLPⅠ进一步分离得到两种均一多糖GLPH1、GLPH2。GLPH1糖苷键为β型,相对分子质量为45000。GLPH1由葡萄糖、半乳糖和痕量甘露糖、岩藻糖组成。GLPH1对KB细胞、BGC细胞、B16细胞的增殖具有一定的抑制作用。结论灵芝多糖GLPH1可望开发成抗肿瘤药或辅助抗肿瘤药。     

库拉索芦荟多糖的分离纯化和含量测定

目的分离纯化库拉索芦荟多糖并建立含量测定方法.方法醇沉法提取库拉索芦荟多糖,Sephadex G-100凝胶柱色谱纯化.以甘露糖为标准,苯酚-硫酸法测定库拉索芦荟多糖含量.结果经分离纯化得到的主要组分库拉索芦荟多糖Ⅰ含量为81.11%,测定平均回收率为100.3%.结论该方法可从库拉索芦荟中提取分离纯度较高的多糖,含量测定方法简便、快速、重现性好.     

Enhanced triggering of mucosal immune responses by reducing splenic phagocytic functions

The role of the spleen in the rat mucosal immune response was investigated to three structural different pneumococcal polysaccharides, type 3, 4, and 14. Following immunization with pneumococcal polysaccharides, a larger amount of free antigen was found in several lymphoid tissues and an increased trapping of immune complexes was seen in follicles of splenectomized animals, as compared to control animals. Thus, clearance of the polysaccharides seems to be less effective after splenectomy. An increase in specific IgA antibody-containing cells (ACC) was found in mesenteric lymph nodes, villi and Peyer's patches in splenectomized rats. Apparently, splenectomy and subsequent decreased clearance of the antigen causes a prolonged stay of the antigen in the system and therefore specific ACC can be induced in different lymphoid tissues. After splenectomy the specific IgM and IgG antibody titers in serum decreased significantly for pneumococcal polysaccharides types 4 and 14, but not for type 3. Furthermore, the serum IgA antibody titers against the three types of polysaccharides under study were not affected. After elimination of macrophages in the spleen by treatment with dichloromethylene diphosphonate liposomes no ACC against type 14 were evoked in the marginal zone of the spleen, and again, an increase was observed in specific IgA ACC in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues. The IgA antibody titers were also enhanced. In conclusion, IgA responses against pneumococcal polysaccharides can be elicited in absence of the spleen, i.e. at mucosal sites or in the draining lymph nodes. Furthermore, polysaccharide-specific IgA responses are enhanced after reduction of splenic phagocytic functions.     

当归多糖对小鼠粒单系血细胞发生的影响

采用造血祖细胞体外培养等技术研究当归多糖(AP)对小鼠粒单系血细胞发生的影响.结果表明:注射AP对正常或骨髓抑制,贫血鼠的粒单系祖细胞(CFU-GM)增殖有明显刺激作用;AP体内、外刺激制备的脾细胞条件培养液,腹腔巨噬细胞培养上清液对CFU-GM增殖具有较高刺激活性;AP体内注射制备的肌条件培养液亦对CFU-GM增殖有较高调控活性;注射AP对骨髓粒单系造血有显著促进作用;并能增高外周血白细胞.提示AP可能通过直接和/或间接途径激活造血微环境中的巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞等,也可刺激肌组织,促进其产生造血调控因子,进而促进多能造血干细胞和CFU-GM增殖分化,这或许是当归"补血"的细胞生物学机理之一.