Interlaboratory Comparison as a Source of Information for the Product Evaluation Process. Case Study of Ceramic Tiles Adhesives

In this study, the results obtained by 19 laboratories participating in 2 editions of the interlaboratory comparison (ILC) determining 2 properties of ceramic tiles adhesives (CTAs), i.e., initial tensile adhesion strength and tensile adhesion strength after water immersion following EN 12004, were analyzed. The results show that participating laboratories maintain a constant quality of their work. The use of z-score analysis, under ISO 13528, allows for classifying 89.5% to 100% of laboratories as satisfactory, depending on the measurement’s kind and edition. The remaining laboratories are classified as questionable. The investigation of the predominant mode of failure of the CTA’s samples tested in the two editions shows significant differences. From the perspective of laboratories, the goal of the ILC has been achieved. From the standpoint of a manufacturer who evaluates a product’s properties when placing it on the market, the results indicate the necessity of a particular treatment of the product evaluation process because the variability of the obtained results is significant. It increases the possibility of the product failing to meet the assessment criteria verified by the construction market supervision authorities. The manufacturer must consider all possible variations in the risk analysis, including the ILC results, to improve the assessment process of CTAs.     

Kellerin alleviates cognitive impairment in mice after ischemic stroke by multiple mechanisms

Ischemic stroke is a global disease with high disability and mortality rates. Cognitive impairment is one of the major clinical features of ischemic stroke, and microglia‐mediated inflammation has been shown to be an important contributor to the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Kellerin, extracted from Ferula sinkiangensis, was previously shown to inhibit microglial activation and exert a strong anti‐neuroinflammatory effect. However, there is no report of the potential therapeutic effect of kellerin on ischemic stroke by targeting microglial cells. In this study, we wanted to examine the effects of kellerin on ischemic stroke in the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) model and the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐activated microglia model. We found that kellerin alleviated cognitive impairment, decreased neuronal loss, suppressed microglial activation, and transformed microglia from the pro‐inflammatory M1 phenotype to the anti‐inflammatory M2 phenotype in BCCAO mice. Moreover, in in vitro studies, we found that kellerin regulated microglial polarization and inhibited the NLRP3 and MAPK signaling pathways after LPS treatment. These findings provide a new understanding of the function of kellerin in ischemic stroke, and suggest that kellerin could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of ischemic stroke.     

血流限制训练改善认知功能的机制及应用方案

背景：血流限制训练是阻力训练领域的一种新型训练方式,血流限制训练在对肌肉力量、质量和躯体能力产生影响的同时可以诱导激活神经可塑性和认知功能等相关信号通路。然而,目前的研究尚未系统综述血流限制训练对不同人群认知能力的影响,对血流限制训练改善认知功能的神经生物学机制缺乏全面认识,且对血流限制训练的应用方案尚不完全清楚。目的：对国内外现有的血流限制训练对不同人群认知功能影响的试验研究进行梳理,深度剖析潜在的神经生物学机制,归纳总结以往研究应用血流限制训练改善认知功能的合理性方案,旨在为安全有效地应用该技术提供理论支撑和实践指导。方法：计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science和中国知网等数据库,检索时间设定为各数据库建库至2022年10月,中文检索词包括“血流限制训练、加压训练、血流限制疗法、血流限制、加压血流阻滞训练、血流阻滞、认知功能、认知能力”,英文检索词包括“Blood Flow Restricting Therapy,KAATSU training,KAATSU volume,Resistance training,BFR Therapy,BFRT,Blood Flow ...     

Osteoarthritis pain assessment in family practice

Purpose. The objective is to study the assessment of pain severity, following the conventional family physician routines, in patients with peripheral osteoar-thritis. Methods. The patient's perception of pain and the physician's assessment of the pain were measured by means of questionnaires and were compared in a study population of 198 patients with osteoarthritis. Results. A rather low association was found between a patient's perception of pain and the physician's assessment of pain. Conclusions. It is an accepted fact that too much treatment can have undesirable effects, and that inadequate management of symptoms seems to be associated with a reduced quality of life in osteoarthritic patients. In the absence of a high correlation between patient's perception and physician's assessment of pain severity, it is concluded that a patients' pain questionnaire could be a very useful instrument for improving the care given to patients with osteoarthritis in family practice.     

¿Cómo valorar la atención centrada en la persona según los profesionales? Un estudio Delphi

ObjetivosConocer la perspectiva de profesionales sobre aspectos y dimensiones que deberían formar parte indispensable de la Atención Centrada en la Persona (ACP).DiseñoTécnica Delphi.EmplazamientoAtención Primaria.ParticipantesSetenta y cuatro expertos médicos especialistas en medicina familiar y comunitaria (MF), tutores docentes, psicólogos y sociólogos distribuidos por todo el territorio nacional (enero-junio 2015).MétodosRespondieron a tres cuestionarios: primero sobre aspectos que debería tener en cuenta un MF para realizar ACP en todas sus dimensiones. En el segundo se preguntó sobre el grado de acuerdo con cada ítem y dimensión en que lo clasificaba. Las respuestas se priorizaron en un tercer cuestionario (escala Likert, rango de puntuación 1-10).ResultadosLa tasa de respuesta (TR) al primer cuestionario fue de 54,05%, obteniéndose 84 ítems, los más frecuentes Respeto y Atención Integral. El 2.° cuestionario con TR = 48,6%, obtuvo 52 ítems con acuerdo superior al 75%. La TR del tercer cuestionario fue de 52,7%, obteniendo 21 ítems con puntuación > 9. Los valores más altos correspondieron a aspectos esenciales de la ACP: respeto, atención integral, enfoque biopsicosocial, autonomía del paciente y participación en la toma de decisiones.ConclusionesSe identificaron nuevas dimensiones: Prevención y promoción de la salud, Gestión de Recursos y Competencia Clínica; añadidas a las previamente descritas: Perspectiva biopsicosocial, Médico como persona, Paciente como persona, Relación médico-paciente y Poder y Responsabilidad compartidas.El respeto, la atención integral, el enfoque biopsicosocial, la autonomía del paciente y su participación en la toma de decisiones, son los aspectos más valorados entre los seleccionados por los profesionales participantes.Palabras clave: Atención centrada en el paciente, Atención primaria de salud, Evaluación del resultado de la atención al paciente, Técnica Delphi, Médicos de familia, Atención centrada en la persona     

Use of Single-Item Self-Rated Health Measure to Identify Frailty and Geriatric Assessment-Identified Impairments Among Older Adults with Cancer

BackgroundPoor self-rated health (SRH) is a known predictor of frailty and mortality in the general population; however, its role among older adults with cancer is unknown. We evaluated the role of SRH as a potential screening tool to identify frailty and geriatric assessment (GA)-identified impairments.Materials and MethodsAdults ≥60 years diagnosed with cancer in the UAB Cancer & Aging Resilience Evaluation (CARE) registry underwent a GA at the time of initial consultation. We measured SRH using a single-item from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System global health scale and dichotomized responses as poor (poor, fair) and good (good, very good, and excellent). We evaluated the diagnostic performance of SRH in measuring frailty, and GA impairment (≥2 deficits among a set of seven GA domains). We examined the impact of SRH with survival using a Cox model adjusting for confounders, exploring the mediating role of frailty.ResultsSix hundred and three older adults with cancer were included, with a median age of 69 years. Overall, 45% (n = 274) reported poor SRH. Poor SRH demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for identifying frailty (85% and 78%, respectively) and GA impairment (75% and 78%, respectively). In a Cox regression model, poor SRH was associated with inferior survival (HR = 2.26; 95% CI 1.60-3.18) after adjusting for confounders; frailty mediated 69% of this observed relationship.ConclusionSelf-rated health may be used as a screening tool to identify older adults with cancer with frailty and GA impairments. Poor SRH is associated with inferior survival, which is mediated by frailty.     

Longitudinal Associations of Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids in Pregnancy with Neonatal Anthropometry: Results from the NICHD Fetal Growth Studies—Singleton Cohort

Despite increasing interest in the health effects of polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs), their roles in fetal and neonatal growth remain understudied. Within the NICHD Fetal Growth Studies—Singleton Cohort, we prospectively investigated the associations of individual and subclasses of plasma phospholipid PUFAs at gestational weeks (GW) 10–14, 15–26, 23–31, and 33–39 with neonatal anthropometric measures as surrogates for fetal growth among 107 women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 214 non-GDM controls. Multivariable weighted linear regression models estimated the associations between plasma phospholipid PUFAs and neonatal anthropometric measures. Adjusted beta coefficients for phospholipid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) per standard deviation (SD) increase at GW 23–31 in association with birthweight z-score, neonatal length, and neonatal fat mass were 0.25 (95% CI: 0.08–0.41), 0.57 (0.11–1.03) cm, and 54.99 (23.57–86.42) g, respectively; all false discovery rates (FDRs) < 0.05. Estimated Δ5-desaturase activity per SD increase at GW 33–39 but not at other time points was positively associated with birthweight z-score: 0.29 (95% CI: 0.08–0.33); neonatal length: 0.61 (0.29–0.94) cm; and neonatal fat mass: 32.59 (8.21–56.96) g; all FDRs < 0.05. Longitudinal analysis showed consistent results. Our findings suggest that mid-to-late pregnancy presented as critical windows for primarily diet-derived DHA and Δ5-desaturase activity in relation to neonatal anthropometric measures.     

30例先天性心脏病患儿围术期认知能力变化及其影响因素分析

目的 观察先天性心脏病患儿围术期认知能力变化及其影响因素分析.方法 30例3岁以内的先天性心脏病患儿分别在术前1d、术后60d采用GESELL发育量表进行认知能力评估,其结果分别与年龄、CPB时间、主动脉阻断时间、复温时间进行单因素分析.结果 与术前相比,＜1岁组各能区认知能力变化显著,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),1～2岁组语言能力增加,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),2～3岁组术前术后差异无统计学意义;＜1岁组各能区以及1～2岁组语言能增加的幅度大于2～3岁组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).认知能力变化与年龄相关.结论 CPB对婴幼儿认知能力无明显影响,认知能力变化与年龄有一定关系.