单核细胞计数与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值评价老年急性心肌梗死患者冠状动脉介入术后ST段回落不良的观察

目的探讨单核细胞计数与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值(MHR)评价老年急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后ST段回落不良的临床意义。方法回顾性病例对照研究,收集2015年12月至2018年12月我院收治的接受直接PCI治疗的老年STEMI患者274例的临床资料,按术后心电图ST段回落情况分为ST段回落不良组79例和良好组195例,比较两组患者临床资料,采用Logistic回归分析MHR与ST段回落不良的关系,并绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析MHR预测STEMI患者ST段回落不良临床价值。结果与ST段回落良好组患者比较,ST段回落不良组患者前壁心肌梗死、Killip分级≥2级比例高,胸痛到球囊扩张时间长,入院时肌酸激酶同工酶、N末端脑钠肽前体、超敏C反应蛋白、血糖、血尿酸、纤维蛋白原、三酰甘油、单核细胞计数高,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、淋巴细胞计数较低(均P<0.05)。ST段回落不良组患者MHR为0.75±0.22,高于ST段回落良好组患者的0.48±0.19(t=9.831,P=0.001)。多元Logistic回归分析,MHR是老年STEMI患者PCI后ST段回落不良的独立危险因素(OR=1.950,95%CI:1.646~5.430,P=0.003)。ROC曲线显示,MHR预测STEMI患者ST段回落不良的曲线下面积为0.867,敏感度为79.72%,特异度为79.61%,最佳诊断值为0.64。结论MHR可能是老年STEMI患者PCI术后ST段回落不良独立危险因素,有良好的预测价值。     

Phagocytic cells internalize ZnO particles by FcγII/III-receptor pathway

The present study investigates the process of internalization for bulk ZnO particles in macrophages, and further elucidates the underlying mechanism. Since macrophages are active phagocytes and phagocytosis is a size dependent phenomenon, therefore we hypothesized that bulk ZnO may internalize into macrophages by phagocytic pathways. Interestingly, the phagocytic activity got enhanced in bulk ZnO treated macrophages. Moreover, the bulk ZnO treated macrophages internalized via FcγR-II/III, complement and scavenger–receptor pathways. To confirm the specificity of phagocytic pathway, the uptake was also analyzed in splenocytes where phagocytic (monocytes) and non-phagocytic cells (lymphocytes) are present. It was observed that no significant uptake of bulk ZnO in case of lymphocytes whereas significant uptake in monocytes. Henceforth, our quest for uptake mechanisms also revealed that severe plasma membrane extensions (pseudopodia), FcγR clustering over the surface of macrophages and activation of FcγR signaling were the key players for bulk ZnO uptake; whereas clathrin or caveolae mediated endocytic pathways contributed less. Uptake of these particles was further strengthened by the ZnO-induced activation of the Src-kinase p-Lyn, phospho-tyrosine kinases Syk (spleen tyrosine kinase), p-PLC-γ and PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase). Our findings illustrate that the phagocytic nature of macrophages could have led to higher uptake of bulk ZnO.     

Suppression of immunoglobulin production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by monocytes via secretion of heavy-chain ferritin

In vitro antigen stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) does not induce immunoglobulin (Ig) production. However, pretreatment of PBMCs with l-leucyl-l-leucine methyl ester (LLME) prior to in vitro stimulation removes the suppression of Ig production. In the present study, we attempted to identify the target cells of LLME and determine the mechanisms by which Ig production in PBMCs is suppressed. We found that CD14⁺ monocytes are involved in the suppression of Ig production in PBMCs. Furthermore, we confirmed that heavy-chain ferritin derived from CD14⁺ monocytes suppresses Ig production in PBMCs, possibly through iron sequestration.     

A hyper-ferritinemia syndrome evolving in recurrent macrophage activation syndrome,as an onset of amyopathic juvenile dermatomyositis: A challenging clinical case in light of the current diagnostic criteria

Juvenile dermatomyositis is an immune-mediated inflammatory multi-system disease involving mainly striated muscles and skin. Typical dermatological features are fundamental to establish the diagnosis, especially whenever the myopathy is very mild or absent, as it occurs in the form called as amyopathic juvenile dermatomyositis. Sometimes, systemic rheumatic diseases can develop a hyperferritinemia syndrome characterized by hemophagocytosis, namely macrophage activation syndrome, which represents a severe and life-threatening complication. Here, we describe a complex clinical history characterized by a hyper-ferritinemia syndrome after infectious mononucleosis, leading to recurrent episodes of macrophage activation syndrome. Finally, the late onset of several skin changes brought to a diagnosis of amyopathic juvenile dermatomyositis.     

牙髓炎症中白细胞介素-17调节单核细胞功能和分化的研究

目的 探讨牙髓炎症中白细胞介素(IL)-17募集单核细胞并调节其分化的作用。方法 肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)刺激牙髓细胞,模拟炎症状态,实时荧光定量PCR技术(RT-qPCR)、酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测IL-17的表达;IL-17重组蛋白刺激牙髓细胞,收集培养基上清,通过Transwell小室实验检测IL-17或受IL-17刺激的牙髓细胞培养基上清对单核细胞的趋化作用;采用结晶紫染色和吞噬实验分别检测IL-17或受IL-17刺激的牙髓细胞培养基上清对单核细胞贴壁和吞噬的影响;IL-17刺激人单核细胞系(THP-1)细胞,RT-qPCR和ELISA分别检测TNF-α、IL-1β的表达,流式细胞检测THP-1细胞表面标志物分子簇80(CD80)的表达变化。结果 牙髓炎症中IL-17表达上调,IL-17使单核细胞贴壁增多,吞噬功能增强,TNF-α、IL-1β及CD80表达上调。结论 IL-17在牙髓炎症中高表达,其本身对单核细胞有趋化作用,并可通过刺激牙髓细胞产生趋化因子2(CCL2)放大趋化作用;IL-17可以调控单核细胞向巨噬细胞分化。     

C反应蛋白和肿瘤坏死因子-α对单核细胞妊娠相关血浆蛋白-A mRNA表达影响的实验研究

目的 研究C反应蛋白(CRP)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)对人外周血单核细胞妊娠相关血浆蛋白-A(PAPP-A) mRNA表达的影响.方法 采用密度梯度离心法分离人外周血单核细胞,用RT-PCR方法分别观察CRP和TNF-α刺激单核细胞PAPP-A mRNA表达的时间及剂量效应.结果 与空白对照组PAPP-A的mRNA表达(0.1842±0.0101)相比,CRP(20 mg/L)刺激单核细胞2 h后,PAPP-A mRNA表达开始显著增加(0.2128±0.0136),于24 h达最高值(0.6837±0.1360),呈时间依赖性.rhTNF-α(100 ng/ml)刺激后,PAPP-A mRNA表达在2 h迅速升高并达峰值(1.2546±0.0866),24 h仍高于空白对照组(0.8203±0.0413).CRP和rhTNF-α均可呈剂量依赖性诱导PAPP-A的mRNA表达,其中CRP(1、5、10和20 mg/L)刺激组PAPP-A 的mRNA表达分别为0.2544±0.0611、0.4177±0.1200、0.5828±0.0152和0.6837±0.1360,rhTNF-α(5、10、25、50和100 ng/ml)刺激组分别为0.2424±0.1378、0.3335±0.0196、0.5742±0.0131、0.6913±0.0219和0.8203±0.0413.放线菌素D(1 μg/ml)能抑制CRP和rhTNF-α对单核细胞PAPP-A mRNA表达的诱导作用.结论 促炎因子CRP和rhTNF-α可在转录水平直接调控人外周血单核细胞PAPP-A的基因表达,这可能是急性冠状动脉综合征患者循环中PAPP-A水平升高的机制之一.     

神经导向因子Netrin-1调节单核巨噬细胞迁移与动脉粥样斑块关系的研究进展

动脉粥样硬化是动脉壁的一种慢性炎症性疾病,单核巨噬细胞在其发生发展中起着关键作用。动脉粥样斑块中单核巨噬细胞迁移能力受损,滞留于斑块内,增加了斑块不稳定性,加速动脉粥样硬化病变的进展。目前研究表明动脉粥样斑块中巨噬细胞分泌的神经导向因子Netrin-1通过与巨噬细胞表面相应受体结合,可以抑制巨噬细胞迁出斑块,促进动脉粥样硬化的进展。但在动脉粥样硬化形成初期,血管内皮细胞表达的Netrin-1却被发现对动脉粥样硬化起到保护作用。     

核因子-κB在痂下水肿液诱导单核细胞表达细胞因子过程中的作用

目的:了解核因子κB(NF-κB)活化在烧伤患者痂下水肿液(STF)诱导单核细胞分泌细胞因子中的作用,探讨STF激活单核细胞的细胞信号转导机制。方法:收集烧伤患者痂下水肿液和体外培养的人外周血单核细胞(PBMCs),分别用正常人血清、烧伤患者STF、烧伤患者STF+吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸盐(PDTC)刺激PBMCs(依次分为对照组、STF组、STF+PDTC组)。电泳迁移率分析法检测单核细胞NF-κB活性;酶联免疫吸附测定法检测PBMCs培养上清液中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素(IL)8含量。结果:刺激PBMCs后0.5 h,STF组NF-κB活性迅速升高,0.5 h达(32.23±4.12)×104积分灰度值,1 h达(36.44±5.01)×104积分灰度值,达高峰值,与对照组比较差异非常显著(P0.01),刺激2 h后NF-κB活性逐渐回复基础状态;STF刺激PBMCs后1h,细胞培养上清液TNF-α含量即升高达峰值,明显高于对照组(P0.01);上清液中IL-8含量在刺激后4 h达峰值,也明显高于对照组(P0.01)。STF+PDTC组较STF组NF-κB活性、培养上清液中TNF-α和IL-8含量也明显降低(P0.01)。结论:STF可通过活化NF-κB,从而刺激PBMCs对细胞因子的合成和释放,提示NF-κB活化在STF诱导PBMCs分泌细胞因子过程中起重要作用。     

补肾宁心方对人单核-血管内皮细胞粘附的影响

目的:探讨补肾宁心方对人单核-血管内皮细胞粘附的影响及机理。方法:以培养人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)作为靶细胞,在内皮细胞培养基中加入氧化的低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)或在试验体系中加入灌服补肾宁心方的兔血清,以孟加拉玫瑰红活细胞染色法测定人单核细胞系U937与HUVECs的粘附,并用流式细胞仪检测内皮细胞表面粘附分子细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)、血管细胞粘附分子-1(VCAM-1)以及E-选择素的表达。结果:ox-LDL显著增强单核U937细胞与内皮细胞之间的相互粘附,如在试验体系中加入灌服补肾宁心方的动物血清,则粘附率明显降低(P＜0.01)。流式细胞仪分析结果显示ox-LDL能明显促进内皮细胞表面ICAM-1、VCAM-1以及E-选择素的表达,补肾宁心方中药灌服血清可显著下调内皮细胞表面ICAM-1、VCAM-1以及E-选择素的表达(P＜0.01)。结论:补肾宁心方含药血清可能通过下调内皮细胞表面粘附分子的表达抑制单核-血管内皮细胞粘附,从而发挥对血管内皮细胞的保护作用。