白蛋白微球经颈外动脉灌注后的体内分布及降解速度

目的 :探讨作为药物载体的白蛋白微球 (AMS)经颈外动脉灌注后在体内的分布及降解速度 ,以及栓塞血管再通时间 ,为AMS的安全性提供依据。方法 :经家兔颈外动脉灌注以12 5 I标记的平均粒径 56.3 μm的白蛋白微球后 ,测定局部组织及全身脏器内的放射剂量。用 760ml/L的泛影葡胺行家犬颈外动脉造影观察AMS灌注后末梢血管再通时间。结果 :微球经颈外动脉灌注后 92 .2 3 %集中于头颈局部组织内。微球对颈外动脉的微小分枝有明显的栓塞作用 ,栓塞的血管在 7～ 9d内再通。结论 :AMS可作为药物的缓释载体     

Fracture characteristics of carbon fibre, ceramic and non-palladium endodontic post systems at monotonously increasing loads

A carbon fibre post system, three non-palladium and one palladium metal post systems, two ceramic post systems, and a metal post system with a ceramic core were studied in vitro. The control group consisted of root-filled test teeth without posts. The test teeth were identical artificial roots of an upper central incisor made from a posterior composite whose module of elasticity was similar to that of natural dentine. All posts were cemented in the roots using Panavia 21 TC. Subsequently, standardized full crowns were cemented onto all roots. On a universal testing machine, the test teeth were loaded palatally at monotonously increasing loads until root fracture. The highest mean fracture loads were found for the carbon fibre post system (312.5 +/- 58.8 N). The fracture load of non-palladium metal posts (242.3-300.4 N) did not differ significantly from that of the Perma-dor post (265.9 N), which does contain palladium. Values of 300.3 +/- 89.3 N (aluminium oxide ceramics) and 193.5 +/-57.0 N (zirconia ceramics) were found for the ceramic posts. The control group exhibited a fracture load of 228.8 +/- 35.7 N. The mean distance between the vestibular end of the fracture gap and the point of force application was between 10.1 +/- 2.3 and 14.7 +/- 1.2 mm.     

Flare-ups in endodontics and their relationship to various medicaments

The purpose of this research is to investigate the frequency of endodontic flare-ups using a visual analogue scale. Definitions of flare-ups vary widely as does their reported frequency. A flare-up was defined as an increase of 20 or more points on the visual analogue scale for a given tooth, within the periods of 4 h and 24 h after the initial treatment appointment. The data from a previous study were used to determine the incidence of flare-ups after using three modalities (Ledermix, calcium hydroxide and no medication) to manage patients presenting for relief of pain of endodontic origin. A statistical analysis showed that there were no significant differences in flare-up rates at both the 4-h and 24-h periods between the three modalities. Further research is required using the above definition of a flare-up and standardising treatment protocols.     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植促进大鼠下颌骨牵张成骨的实验研究

目的:探讨大鼠下颌骨牵张间隙内移植自体骨髓间充质干细胞,促进骨痂形成的可行性。方法:选用54只雄性SD大鼠,密度梯度离心法分离骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)。所有大鼠行右侧下颌骨牵张;并于术后随机分为试验和对照2组。牵张结束时,实验组牵张间隙内注射自体MSCs;而对照组只注射等量生理盐水。分别于固定期第2、4、8周分3批处死大鼠,进行放射学、组织学观察,并对骨组织形态计量学参数进行统计学分析(t检验)。结果:放射学和组织学观察表明,2组牵张间隙内均形成了骨痂组织,但实验组新生骨组织显著多于对照组。计量学分析也显示,各时间点实验组新生骨量(NBV1和NBV2)和新生骨小梁宽度(TNT)均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:牵张间隙内行自体骨髓MSCs移植,可有效促进新骨形成,缩短固定期;该方法对众多的颅颌面外科畸形的矫治极具价值。     

咽成形术失败后再次手术后语音功能的评价

目的：客观评价咽成形术失败后语音障碍患者可以弥补治疗的方法。方法：对6例一期咽成形术后失败患者,再次实施咽后壁组织瓣转移术,术后进行详细观察和随访,并在术后4周开始吹气训练、行为疗法、语音治疗;对每例患者术前、语音治疗前后行汉语语音清晰度、吹气和冷镜检查,同时用CSL比较其音声特征的变化。结果：6例患者术后供区和受区伤口均一期愈合,聘咽闭合功能(VPC)明显改善,经语音治疗后,患者的语音清晰度达到或接近正常。结论：咽成形术失败后再次手术能补救一期咽成形术后失败的部分病例,除应该严格掌握咽成形术失败后再次手术的适应证外,术者熟练的操作技能也非常重要,同时术后语音治疗必不可少。     

A clinical evaluation of one and two-appointment root canal therapy using calcium hydroxide

A clinical study using vital maxillary central incisors was performed to evaluate the incidence of postoperative pain after root canal treatment in one- or two-appointments using a calcium hydroxide-containing root canal sealer. No differences were observed between the two groups.     

三种甲基丙烯酸酯类脱敏剂的疗效比较

目的 :比较 3种甲基丙烯酸酯类脱敏剂的疗效。方法 :将 14 0例 2 5 7个患牙随机分为 4组 ,3个实验组分别用GLUMA、Seal&Protect和SingleBond进行脱敏治疗 ,对照组用 75 0g/L氟化钠甘油脱敏 ,比较各组的即刻疗效和 3个月后疗效。结果 :3个实验组的疗效均显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而 3组之间无显著差异(P >0 .0 5 ) ,3个月后亦然。结论 :GLUMA、Seal&Protect和SingleBond都是较为理想的脱敏剂。     

氢氧化钙根管内封药预防根管治疗期间的急症

目的：探讨氢氧化钙（calcium hycroxide,CH)根管内封药对根管治疗期间急症（Endodontic interappointment emergencies,IAE)的预防效果。方法：对使用不同药物根管内封药IAE的发生率进行比较。结果：CMCP、PC、IPI、CH组IAE发生率分别是为22．0％、28．0％、26．0％和4．0％，有非常明显的差异，疼痛指数亦以CH组最优。结论：CH根管内封药，对IAE的发生有较好的预防作用。     

The effect of cleaning on blood contamination in the dental surgery following periodontal procedures

Blood contamination of 16 surfaces in the dental surgery was investigated using the Kastle-Meyer test for haemoglobin, after three types of periodontal procedures had been performed on a total of 30 patients. The effect of cleaning surfaces contaminated by blood was investigated using the same test. Cleaning materials used in the dental surgery were tested to rule out the possibility of false positive outcomes and the sensitivity of the test was determined prior to the study. The results show a marked variation in the degree of contamination and efficacy of cleaning following treatment. Overall, root planing was associated with the most widespread and frequent blood contamination and gingival surgery the least. The surgery work surface, edge of the spittoon, aspirator tube and ultrasonic scaler handpiece into which the ultrasonic insert fits, were the most frequently contaminated surfaces. The work surface, dentist's pen, light switch and handle were cleaned most effectively. The least effectively cleaned surfaces were the water dispenser switch, aspirator tube, bracket table and ultrasonic scaler handpiece. Methods for reducing this potential source of crossinfection are discussed.     

Periodontal healing after non-surgical therapy with a new ultrasonic device: a randomized controlled clinical trial

AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and microbiological healing outcomes following non-surgical periodontal therapy using the new Vector ultrasonic system versus scaling and root planing (S/RP) with Gracey curettes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprised 20 chronic periodontitis patients. Using a split-mouth design, both treatment modalities were randomly applied to one quadrant of the upper and the lower jaws each. Clinical and microbiological parameters were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks, and 6 months after treatment. Furthermore, post-operative hypersensitivity was assessed. The Wilcoxon signed rank test (alpha=0.05) was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Both therapies provided statistically significant clinical and microbiological improvements of periodontal conditions after 4 weeks and 6 months. Hypersensitive teeth were found only 4 weeks after S/RP. Besides a significantly better bleeding on probing reduction in deep S/RP sites, no other clinical and microbiological parameters revealed significant differences between the sites treated with the Vector system or S/RP. CONCLUSION: Both the Vector system and S/RP provided favourable periodontal healing results, although in deep pockets S/RP appeared to achieve a better resolution of inflammation.